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2025 Exam Block 7 > Exam 3: Lecture 27: Goat nutrition > Flashcards

Exam 3: Lecture 27: Goat nutrition Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

what is a female goat called

A

doe or nanny

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2
Q

what is a male goat called

A

buck or billy

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3
Q

what is a castrated male goat called

A

wether

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4
Q

what is a baby goat called

A

kid

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5
Q

what numer of kids are there for a normal birth

A

1-3 kids

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6
Q

what does it mean when male goats enter a rut

A

they are seasonal breeders and in the rut they have decreased appetite and tend to fight other bucks

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7
Q

T/F: rates of gain are less in meat goats compared to sheep and cattle

A

true!

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8
Q

what is a typical amount of weight gain for meat goats

A

from 0.1 lbs to 0.8 lbs per day

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9
Q

Why do goats not fatten the same way as sheep and cattle

A

deposit less fat in the periphery and more in the omental areas

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10
Q

what is the BCS scale of goats

A

1-9

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11
Q

where do we assess BCS on goats

A

loin, spinous process, ribs

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12
Q

what are the guidelines of goat BCS

A

does should not be over BCS 7 at kidding

BCS 5-6 at start of breeding season and end of pregnancy

bucks should not be at less than BCS of 4 or higher than BCS of 7 at start of breeding season

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13
Q

what happens with over or under conditioning of does

A

low twinning rates, low weaning rates, and pregnancy toxemia

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14
Q

T/F: fiber is not digested as efficiently in goats

A

TRUE!

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15
Q

why can goats utilize trees and shrubbery well

A

because they are natural browsers, it does not have as much cellulose and lignin, and there is more soluble protein

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16
Q

goats _______ are good at detoxifying tannins

A

rumen

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17
Q

relative to Body weight, goats need about twice the amount of feed as _____

A

Cattle

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18
Q

why do goats need 2x the amount of feed as cattle

A

because things move more quickly and they have small GIT relative to maintenance energy needs

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19
Q

what does it mean when there is a small GIT relative to maintenance energy needs

A

DMI is increased and feed is NOT digested as completely

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20
Q

for goats at maintenance, how can they get adequate energy and protein

A

adequate pasture and browsing

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21
Q

T/F: growth, repro, lactation, hair production, hilly terrain, cold temperatures do not increase nutrient requirements

A

false, it does

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22
Q

how much colostrum do newborn meat goat kids need

A

1/2 lb colostrum for every 5 pounds of body weight

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23
Q

Why should we not wean replacement doe kids early

A

because when weaning occurs they are separated and fed high quality forage through the first kidding

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24
Q

what BCS should Does have at the beginning of the breeding season?

A. BCS 3-4
B. BCS 4-5
C. BCS 5-6
D. BCS 6-7

25
how are meat goats finished
on pasture or dry lots
26
what is the target BW gain for finishing meat goats
0.25 lbs to 0.5 lbs per day
27
what type of forage can we feed meat goats for finishing
pasture, hay, silage/haylage, brush
28
why must we be careful when feeding alfalfa to goats
because of the increased calcium content leading to risk of calculi/kidney stones
29
what type of grains can we feed meat goats for finishing
corn, oats, wheat, barley, silage
30
wheat should be no more than ___1___% of ration because it is ___2____
1. 2% 2. quickly fermented
31
what are some protein supplements we can feed meat goats
soy bean meal, distillers/brewers grain, cottonseed
32
what is important to remember about minerals when giving them to goats
they should be specifically for goats because of copper content
33
what is the average DMI of lactating dairy goats
5%
34
what is nigerian dwarf goat milk fat %
6.4%
35
what is the average milk fat of goats
3.3%
36
T/F: compared to dairy cows, there is less retention time and faster turnover rate of digesta in dairy goats
true!!
37
how long is lactation for dairy goats
305 days but is usually 200 to 250 days
38
what can affect milk production in goats
breed, parity, stage of lactation
39
what is the crude protein % that is needed in lactating goats
about 16% CP
40
T/F: goats are not very sensitive to molds and mycotoxins
false, they ARE very sensitive
41
what % of crude protein is adequate for most non-lactating or growing goats
9-12% crude protein
42
do we need to gradually change/add grains in goats?
yes!!
43
how do we add grain in for goats
1. start feeding 1 month before kidding and want them to consume about 1.5 lbs of grain per day 2. after kidding, increase to about 3 lbs of grain per day by 4 weeks postpartum 3. after peak lactation, feed 0.5 lbs of grain for every lbs of milk over 3 lbs/day
44
what is the Ca:P ratio in goats
1:1 to 2:1
45
Can Ca requirements be met under grazing for most goats except those that are lactating?
yes!! they are generally met
46
_______ deficiency is more likely in grazing goats
phosphorus
47
T/F: grass tetany not common in goats but can occur due to Mg deficiency
true!
48
________ deficiency can occur in confined kids or heavily parasitized animals
iron deficiency
49
Why do we need to supplement selenium in the southeast for goats?
It is deficient or variable in most soils in the southeast and may or may not be in trace mineral supplements
50
how can we avoid copper toxicity in goats
kids are very sensitive to increased copper so do NOT use milk replacers for cattle
51
At the time of kidding, what is an appropriate BCS of the doe? A. BCS 4 B. BCS 6 C. BCS 7 D. BCS 8
B. BCS 6
52
what is pregnancy toxemia in goats
common with multiple fetuses and if body condition is not idea (over or under conditioned)
53
when is urinary calculi common in goats
in male goats and goats on high grain diets
54
what 2 nutritional disorders can we get from high grain diets in goats
acidosis and enterotoxemia
55
when do we get polioencephalomalacia
depressed production of thiamine on high grain and low forage diets
56
when do we get white muscle disease in goats
lack of selenium and/or vitamin E
57
when do we see milk fever in goats
in high producing dairy goats
58
what do we see happen from milk fever in goats
results in drop of blood calcium

2025 Exam Block 7 (28 decks)

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