Exam 3: Lecture 35/36 - Ruminant Thoracic Viscera Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
In bovines, how many lung lobes are on each side?
A
-4 on the right
-2 on the left
2
Q
How do we know which is a lung lobe?
A
-It has a primary bronchus
3
Q
The accessory lobe of the lung wraps around what structure?
A
-The caudal vena cava
4
Q
What is the main pathway of air in a bovine lung?
A
-Tracheal bronchus
5
Q
What is shown by the blue arrow?
A
-Tracheal bronchus
6
Q
What is shown by the blue arrow?
A
-Tracheal bronchus
7
Q
What is shown in green in this image? (Numbers 9, 10, 11)
A
-Pulmonary lymph nodes
8
Q
What is number 2?
A
-Tracheal bronchus
9
Q
What is number 4?
A
-Cranial part of the cranial lobe of the right lung
10
Q
What is number 4’?
A
-Caudal part of cranial lobe of the right lung
11
Q
What is number 5?
A
-Middle lobe of right lung
12
Q
What is number 6?
A
-Caudal lobe of right lung
13
Q
What is number 7?
A
-Cranial portion of cranial lobe of left lung
14
Q
What is number 7’?
A
-Caudal portion of cranial lobe of left lung
15
Q
What is number 8?
A
-Caudal lobe of left lung
16
Q
What is number 12?
A
-Accessory lobe of right lung
17
Q
Where are the lymph nodes located on the lungs?
A
-At tracheal bronchus
-At distal thoracic trachea
-At primary bronchus
18
Q
What is number 1?
A
-Trachea
19
Q
What is number 2?
A
-Cranial portion of cranial lobe of left lung
20
Q
What is number 2’?
A
-Caudal portion of cranial lobe of left lung
21
Q
What is number 3?
A
-Caudal lobe of left lung
22
Q
What is number 4?
A
-Cranial lobe of right lung
23
Q
What is a?
A
-Cranial portion of cranial lobe
24
Q
What is a’?
A
-Caudal portion of cranial lobe
25
What is b?
-Middle lobe
26
What is c?
-Caudal lobe
27
The right ventricle in domestic mammals is orientated
-Cranially towards head
28
Where is the aorta in domestic mammals?
-Descends on the left hand side
29
Which ventricle has the thicker wall?
-Left ventricle
30
How do you know it is the auricular view of the heart?
-You can see the auricle of the left atrium well
31
How do you know its the atrial view of the heart?
-Can see 2 vena cavas coming in, see major veins coming in & putting blood into right atrium
32
What is number 1?
-Right ventricle
33
What is number 2?
-Left ventricle
34
What is number 3?
-Left auricle
35
What is number 4?
-Left coronary artery
36
What is number 5?
-Conus arteriosus (pulmonary outflow tract)
37
What is number 6?
-Right auricle
38
What is number 7?
-Aortic arch
39
What is number 8?
-Ligamentum arteriosum
40
What is the ligamentum arteriosum?
-Remnant of patent arteriosum in fetus
41
What does the patent arteriosum do in the fetus?
-Shunts blood through pulmonary circulation into aorta
42
What happens if the patent arteriosis does not shrink down and become the ligamentum arteriosum after birth?
-Patient won't get enough O2 and will result in "blue babies" (common in Yorkie Terriers)
43
What is number 9?
-Cranial vena cava
44
What is number 10?
-Left pulmonary artery
45
What is number 11?
-Pulmonary veins
46
What is number 12?
-Left azygous vein
47
What is number 14?
-Caudal vena cava
48
What is important about the azygous vein in ruminants?
-There are 2
49
What is number 1?
-Right ventricle
50
What is number 2?
-Left ventricle
51
What is 4"?
-Subsinuosal interventricular artery
52
What is 7?
-Aortic arch
53
What is 9?
-Cranial vena cava
54
What is 14?
-Caudal vena cava
55
Where is the subsinuosal interventricular artery located?
-Below where the SA node is
56
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Aortic arch
57
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Pulmonary outflow tract
58
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Left auricle
59
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Left ventricle
60
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Paraconal interventricular sulcus
61
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Right ventricle
62
Describe the paraconal interventricular sulcus
-Between 2 ventricles
-Groove next to conus arteriosis
63
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Aortic arch
64
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Pulmonary veins
65
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Caudal vena cava
66
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Left ventricle
67
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Right ventricle
68
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Subsinuosal interventricular sulcus
69
Why are the pulmonary veins pink?
-Because blood coming back to the heart carrying a lot of oxygen from the lungs (just did gas exchange in the lungs)
70
What structure inside the right ventricle of the bovine heart is indicated here?
-**Trabecula septamarginalis**
71
What is the function of the **trabecula septamarginalis**
-Carries cardiac conduction nerve fibers from interventricular septum to the ventricular marginal wall
72
What is important comparatively about the bovine **trabecula septamarginalis**?
-Markedly thicker tissue than equine species
73
What is B?
-Aortic arch
74
What is C?
-Brachiocephalic trunk
75
What is F?
-Left azygous vein, azygous sinistra v.
**two azygous veins in horses**
76
What is H?
-Paraconal interventricular sulcus
77
The aortic, left atriventricular, right atrioventricular, and pulmonary valve have how many cusps?
-Aortic valve = 3 cusps
-Left AV valve = 2 cusps (bicuspid valve aka Mitral valve)
-Right AV valve = 3 cusps (tricuspid valve)
-Pulmonary valve = 3 cusps
78
What is e, f, r, and s?
-e = Right AV valve (tricuspid valve)
-f = Pulmonary valve
-r = Left AV valve (mitral valve)
-s = Aortic valve
79
What is indicated by E? (Blue lines)
-**Right ostium aora**
-Remnant bone inside bovine heart (ruminant thing)
80
What is indicated by the blue star? (cross section of plastinated heart)
-Marginal wall of right ventricle
81
What is indicated by the blue star? (cross section of plastinated heart)
-Marginal wall of left ventricle
82
The ____ ventricle's marginal wall is about half the thickness as the ____ ventricle's marginal wall
right ventricle, left ventricle
83
Where is the epicardium located?
-On the outside
84
Where is the endocardium?
-Inside
85
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Aortic valve cusp
86
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Right AV valve cusp (tricuspid valve)
87
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Chordae tendinae
88
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Interventricular septum
89
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Papillary muscle
90
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Left AV valve cusp (bicuspid valve aka mitral valve)
91
What is indicated by O?
-Ligamentum arteriosum
92
The apex of the heart and diaphragm in bovines have a close proximity with the abdominal cavity, why is this important?
-Things penetrating the reticulum or rumen can pierce into the pericardium around the heart in the ventral aspect and lead to pericarditis (infusion of WBCs into pericardium)
-Common in cattle, rare in goats (b/c goats are pickier eaters)
93
What 2 organs are considered part of the lymphatic system of bovine?
-Thyamus
-Spleen
94
What are the important lymph nodes in bovine?
-Superficial cervical LN
-Thymus
-Tracheobronchial LN
-Spleen
-Mesenteric LNs
-Popliteal LN
-Superficial inguinal LN
95
What is important about the superficial inguinal LN in cattle?
-Important for drainage of etiological agents coming out the udder of the cow
96
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Spleen
97
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Thymus (calf)
98
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Superficial cervical LN
99
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Tracheobronchial LN
100
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Mesenteric LN
101
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Superficial inguinal LN
102
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Popliteal LN
103
What is the myocardium?
-Muscle of the heart
104
What is indicated by the blue star? (cross section of plastinated heart)
-Interventricular septum
