Exam 3: Lecture 38 - Basic Camelid Anatomy

Question 1

How many old world and new world camelid species are there?

Answer 1

-4 new world
-2 old world

Question 2

Llama or alpaca?

-Weigh 150 lbs
-Have soft, luxurious fleece
-Very gentle & timid
-Can learn tricks
-Need protection

Answer 2

-Alpacas

Question 3

Llama or alpaca?

-Weigh over 400 lbs
-Have coarse fleece
-Very brave
-Can carry heavy packs
-Serve as herd guards

Answer 3

-Llama

Question 4

____ are extremely popular as pack animals

Answer 4

-Llamas

Question 5

The descending duodenum is located

Answer 5

-On the right flank

Question 6

What organs dominate the left side of the llama?

Answer 6

-Liver
-Multi-chambered stomach

Question 7

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 7

-Kidney

Question 8

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 8

-Small intestine (jejunum)

Question 9

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 9

-Stomach third compartment

Question 10

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 10

-Liver

Question 11

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 11

-Lungs

Question 12

What is important about the incisive teeth in camelids?

Answer 12

-They are “caniniform” meaning they are incisors that act like a canine tooth
-Use this to fight & dominate - important for us b/c danger potential

Question 13

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 13

-Incisor

Question 14

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 14

-Canine

Question 15

What artery sits snuggly beside the jugular vein in camelids?

Answer 15

-Parotid artery

Question 16

What serves as the major protection of viral arteries on the camelid neck, but also serves as a hinderance for phlebotomy?

Answer 16

-The vertebral process (transverse process) of the cervical vertebrae

Question 17

What is this image showing?

Answer 17

-The dorsal region of the jugular vein being protected by the transverse process of the cranial region of cervical vertebrae

Question 18

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 18

-Transverse process of 5th cervical vertebrae

Question 19

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 19

-Common carotid artery

Question 20

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 20

-Vagosympathetic trunk

Question 21

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 21

-Jugular vein

Question 22

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 22

-Esophagus

Question 23

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 23

-Trachea

Question 24

What are the names of the 3 compartments of the camelid stomach called?

Answer 24

-Compartment 1
-Compartment 2
-Compartment 3

Question 25

Compartment 1 in camelids is somewhat analogous to what on ruminants?

Answer 25

-Rumen & reticulum

Question 26

Compartment 2 in camelids is somewhat analogous to what on ruminants?

Answer 26

-Omasum

Question 27

Compartment 3 in camelids is somewhat analogous to what on ruminants?

Answer 27

-Abomasum

Question 28

The multi-chambered stomach dominates the ____ side of the camelid

Answer 28

-**LEFT**

Question 29

What is in compartment 1 to help aid in fermentation?

Answer 29

-Glandular saccules

Question 30

What is being shown here?

Answer 30

-Saccule openings in the internal space of compartment 1 -Adds surface area for them to digest & fermentate their food

Question 31

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 31

-First compartment, cranial

Question 32

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 32

-First compartment, caudal

Question 33

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 33

-Third compartment

Question 34

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 34

-Spiral colon

Question 35

Where does the esophagus come into the multi-chambered stomach in camelids?

Answer 35

-Into the cranial part of compartment 1

Question 36

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 36

-Compartment 1

Question 37

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 37

-Compartment 2

Question 38

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 38

-Compartment 3

Question 39

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 39

-C1

Question 40

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 40

-Saccules

Question 41

What is shown?

Answer 41

-Saccules at the ventral regions of C1 or C2 -Add surface area for digestion in camelids

Question 42

How do camelids bear weight?

Answer 42

-Two phalanges oriented towards substrate (middle & distal phalanx) -Walk on digital pad (keratinized claws w/ each digit)

Question 43

How many distal sesamoid bones do camelids have between the middle and distal phalanx?

Answer 43

-No distal sesamoid

Question 44

T/F: camelids have a navicular bone

Answer 44

-FALSE, they do not

Question 45

How many proximal sesamoids do camelids have, and where are they located?

Answer 45

-2 -Metacarpal/metatarsal phalangeal joint

Question 46

Why is it important to know that camelids have keratinized claws with each digit?

Answer 46

-Because you have to trim those claws

Question 47

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 47

-Fused metacarpal III & IV

Question 48

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 48

-Proximal phalanx

Question 49

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 49

-Middle phalanx

Question 50

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 50

-Distal phalanx

Question 51

What is indicated by the blue star?

Answer 51

-Proximal sesamoid

Question 52

What is being shown here?

Answer 52

-Digital pad with claws of camelids