Exam 3: Lecture 39 - Ruminant Female Reproductive system COPY Flashcards
(131 cards)
1
Q
What is the reproductive act and offspring of cows called?
A
-Act = calving
-Offspring = calf
2
Q
What is the reproductive act and offspring of ewes called?
A
-Act = lambing
-Offspring = lamb
3
Q
What is the reproductive act and offspring of sows called?
A
-Act = farrowing
-Offspring = pig
4
Q
What is the reproductive act and offspring of hens called?
A
-Act = hatching
-Offspring = chick
5
Q
What is the reproductive act and offspring of mares called?
A
-Act = foaling
-Offspring = foal
6
Q
What is the reproductive act and offspring of goats called?
A
-Act = kidding
-Offspring = kid
7
Q
Where will you reach rectally in cattle to palpate the uterine horns?
A
-Reach ventrally and below the rim of her pelvis
-Uterine horns go ventrally beyond the rim of the pelvis
8
Q
Where will you palpate the uterine horns rectally in equines?
A
-Dorsally and higher up than cattle
9
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Suspensory ligament of the ovary
10
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Mesovarium (for ovary)
11
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Mesosalpinx (for oviduct)
12
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Mesometrium (for uterus)
13
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Rectogenital excavation
14
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Vesicogenital excavation
15
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Pubovesical excavation
16
Q
If you put the patient in dorsal recumbency (laying on back with stomach facing up), what is the orientation of systems from ventral to dorsal?
A
- Renal system (ventral)
- Reproductive tract
- GIT (dorsal)
17
Q
When performing an ovariohysterectomy, what are the structures you will look for to find the reproductive tract?
A
-Reproductive tract will lie between the renal system & GIT
-When on back, you will first encounter the renal system, then the reproductive tract, then the GIT
18
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Body of uterus
19
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Ovary
20
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Infundibulum
21
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Oviduct
22
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Horn of uterus
23
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Cervix
24
Q
What is indicated by the blue star?
A
-Bladder
25
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Vulva
26
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Vagina
27
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Rectum
28
Where does fertilization occur in ruminant females?
-**Oviduct**
29
The _____ begins as a funnel-shaped tube that engulfs the **ovary**
-Oviduct
30
When ovulation occurs, what happens?
-**Ovium** is picked up by the **infundibulum** and channeled into the oviduct (also known as the **fallopian tube**), where fertilization takes place if sperm is present
31
Where does implantation occur?
-In the internal lining of the uterus
32
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Isthmus
33
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Mesosalpinx
34
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Ampullary-isthmic junction
35
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Ampulla
36
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Infundibulum
37
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Bladder
38
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Vagina
39
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Cervix
40
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Ovary
41
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Uterus
42
What are the functions of the ovary?
-Produces ova (eggs)
-Secretes estrogen
-Secretes progesterone
43
What is the ovary?
-Site of gamete production
44
What is important to know about the ovary?
-Ova are fully developed at puberty & are not continuously produced like sperm in the male
-All species contain 2 functional ovaries except the hen
45
What is indicated by the star?
-Follicles
46
What is indicated by the star?
-Ovaries
47
What is this?
-Superovulated ovary
48
How many eggs do cows and ewe's ovulate per estrus?
-Cow = 1 egg
-Ewe = 1-3 eggs
49
What are these?
-Follicular cyst
50
What are follicular cyst?
-Anovulatory structures
-Corpus luteum absent
-Occur most commonly during postpartum period (Days 15-45)
51
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Ovary
52
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Uterine orifice of uterine tube
53
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Proper ligament of ovary
54
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Horn of uterus
55
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Caruncles
56
What is indicated by the blue star?
-**Intercornual ligg.**
57
What is indicated by the blue star?
-**Body of uterus**
58
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Ovarian bursa
59
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Uterine tube
60
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Abdominal orifice of uterine tube
61
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Infundibulum & fimbriae of uterine tube
62
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Internal orifice of uterus
63
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Cervix & cervical canal
64
What is indicated by the blue star?
-External orifice of uterus & portio vaginalis of cervix
65
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Orifice of major vestibular gland
66
What is indicated by the blue star?
-**Vestuble of vagina**
67
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Labia of vagina
68
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Clitoris
69
What is indicated by the blue star?
-**External urethral orifice**
70
What is indicated by the blue star?
-**Hymen**
71
What is indicated by the blue star?
-**Vagina**
72
What is indicated by the blue star?
-**Fornix of vagina**
73
What is the fornix of the vagina?
-Blind sac around the cervix
-Important for AI
74
What is the external urethral orifice?
-Where you urinate from
75
What is the **intercornual ligg.**?
-Connective tissue between the left 7 right horn
-Can grab during rectal palpation to get to the uterine horns and ovary
76
What is the path of the ovum?
1. Ovary
2. Infundibulum
3. Oviduct
4. Uterine horn
5. Body of uterus
6. Cervix
7. Vagina
77
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Oviduct
78
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Infundibulum
79
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Ovary
80
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Vagina
81
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Cervix
82
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Body of uterus
83
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Uterine horn
84
What is the remnant of connective tissue from the umbilical vein?
-Falciform ligament
85
What is 3?
-Ureters
86
What is 13?
-Round ligament of bladder
87
What is 29?
-Internal urethral orifice
88
What is happening with the ovary here?
-Bulging round corpus luteum that can be mistaken for luteal cyst on palpation b/c shape
-Called a cystic CL
89
Explain a cystic CL
-Produce the same concentration of progesterone as a solid CL, so it functions normally
90
What is indicated by the blue star?
-**Intercornal ligament**
91
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Proper ligament of the ovary
92
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Right uterine horn
93
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Right ovary
94
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Uterine body
95
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Cervix
96
What is the vagina?
-Serves as a receptacle for male's penis
97
During natural mating, where is the semen deposited in the cow?
-In the vagina near the cervix
98
How is AI performed in the cow?
-An insemination instrument is threaded through the **vagina & cervix** & semen is deposited at the uterine side of the cervix
99
The external opening of the vagina is known as the
**Vulva**
100
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Vagina
101
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Urethra
102
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Vestibule
103
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Clitoris
104
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Vulva
105
What is this to demonstrate?
-The fetus dominates and takes over the abdomen, causing organs to be pushed in different places b/c the body is trying to grow the fetus
106
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Chorioallantois
107
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Cotyledons
108
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Amnion with fetus
109
Where is the placentome?
-Inside the placenta of ruminants
110
What is the placentome in ruminants made of?
-Cotyledon & caruncle
111
What is the purpose of the placentome?
-Allows gas exchange & blood sugar from the dam to the feti
112
How do the cotyledons and caruncles interact in the placentome?
-The cotyledons have fibers that interdigitate into caruncle
-The caruncles have indentations where fibers of cotyledon interdigitate
113
What happens in the alveoli of the ruminant mammary gland?
-Where milk is being formed from the matrix of the mammary gland & exiting through the lactiferous ducts
114
How is milk produced in the mammary gland and what is the route from there out the teat?
1. Milk is produced in the matrix of the parenchyma of the mammary gland
2. Goes through the alveoli down into a little bit of ducts
3. Collects in the gland cistern & goes past the annular ring (sphincter at proximal end of teat canal)
4. End of teat cistern
5. Exits teat orifice
115
T/F: There is a suspensory ligament on the mammary gland
-TRUE!!
-Divides left and right side of the mammary glands
116
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Cotyledon
117
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Caruncle
118
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Gland cistern
119
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Teat cistern
120
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Teat orifice
121
What is the **medial suspensory ligament**?
-Connects pelvic symphysis supporting the udder in perfect balance
-Made up of 2 sheets of elastic yellow tissue -> each sheet covers the flat surface of the inside of each half of the udder
122
How many mammary components (teats) are there in bovine, equine, and caprine?
-Bovine = 4 teats
-Caprine = 2 teats
-Equine = 2 teats
123
What is the drain supply of the mammary gland? (The ones you're supposed to know)
-**Caudal epigastric superficial v.** (aka Milk v.)
-**External pudendal a. & v.** (drains caudal part of mammary gland)
--> These work together!!
124
What is a?
-Lilohypogastric n.
125
What is b?
-Liloingual n.
126
What is c?
-Genitofemoral n.
127
What is c'?
-Cranial branch
128
What is c"?
-Caudal branch
129
What is d?
-Lateral cutaneous femoral n.
130
What is e?
-Pudendal n.
131
What is f?
-Mammary branch of pudendal n.
