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ORAL PATHOLOGY! > Exam 4-AIDS > Flashcards

Exam 4-AIDS Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

AIDS is NOT associated with a ________ induced immune deficiency…

A

medically induced (like an organ transplant)

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2
Q

What are the 5 groups that are most susceptible to AIDS ?

A

1.MSM (men sex w. men) 2.IVDA 3.Hemophilia-pre1985 4.Blood transfusion recipients 5.People in contact with already infected individuals

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3
Q

What is the acronym given to the type of medical treatment for AIDS patients? Thanks to this, only ___% of AIDS patients will progress to oral manifestations..

A

HART-Highly Active Retroviral Therapy…40%

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4
Q

Which two aspects of the immune system are affected in AIDS?

A

1.Defense AND 2.Surveillance

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5
Q

Why is AIDS a SYNDROME?

A

it has MULTIPLE clinical features

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6
Q

AIDS can resemble other immune problems, but overall can be described as more ______ manifestations

A

“FLORID”-complex, exacerbated

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7
Q

What are the three most common herpes virus infections possible in AIDS?

A

1.Herpes Simplex 2.Vericella-Zoster 3.Epstein-Barr

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8
Q

What are the 2 most common forms of oral HPV manifestations in AIDS patients?

A

1.Papillomas 2.Condyloma Acuminata

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9
Q

Herpes simplex in AIDS: that PRE-LESIONAL feeling called ______ does NOT typically occur in AIDS patients

A

AURA

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10
Q

Herpes simplex: What are the 3 most common locations?

A

1.Skin of the lips 2.hard palate 3.Gingiva (KERATINIZED tissue!!)

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11
Q

Herpes simplex: what drug can you treat with in extreme circumstances?

A

acyclovir

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12
Q

What are two distinguishing characteristics of Vericella Zoster infections in AIDS patients that separate it from a typical infection? What is the name of the drug that can help these patients?

A
  1. EXTREME PAIN (like hospitalization) 2. UNILATERAL….Silvadene (burn cream)
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13
Q

ON EXAM What is the etiologic factor in Oral Hairy Leukoplakia in AIDS patients??

A

Epstein Barr Virus (HHV-4)

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14
Q

What are two distinguishing characteristics between HPV associated Papillomas and Condyloma Acuminata?

A

1.Pap=normal color/pink CA=WHITE 2. Pap=pedunculated CA=Sessile/Broad based

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15
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia can be a ________ for progression to full blown AIDS…

A

Predictor

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16
Q

What is a possible CO-FACTOR to Epstein Barr (HHV4) that is causing oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

HPV

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17
Q

Where is the most common location for oral hairy leukoplakia? What is a secondary distinguishing feature regarding location?

A

LATERAL border of the tongue, BILATERAL

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18
Q

Are oral hairy leukoplakia’s symptomatic or asymptomatic?

A

asymptomatic

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19
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia lesions may show ______ and _____ pattern

A

waxing and waning

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20
Q

Oral Hairy Leukoplakia: NON-_______ plaques in a ______/_____ pattern…“________” surface most often; occasionally smooth

A

wipeable….vertical/linear….”Shaggy”

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21
Q

What color is Oral Hairy leukoplakia?

A

white

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22
Q

What is the ideal treatment for oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

the lesion regressing with control of the AIDS in general

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23
Q

What are the names for the 4 possible outcomes of BACTERIAL infections in an AIDS patient?

A

1.Linear Gingival Erythema (HIV assoc gingivitis) 2.Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis 3.Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis 4.Necrotizing Ulcerative Stomatitis

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24
Q

RANDOM: not sure if hell ask but why not…What are the three bacteria that can cause gingivitis/periodontits in AIDS patients (rarely seen)?

A
  1. Myco-Bacterium Avium 2.Klebsiella Pneumo 3.Enter-o-bacter Clo-ac-ae
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25
HIV associated periodontal disease is DUE TO ________!!!!
IMMUNE DEFICIENCY!!!!
26
So I already asked for the less common, random bugs that can cause gingivitis/perio in AIDS, BUT what are the 3 MOST common bug species???
1.Ei-Ken-ella 2.WO-lin-ella 3.Bacter-oi-des
27
HIV associated periodontal disease: _________ males predominantly
Homosexual
28
HIV associated periodontal disease: Resembles rapidly progressive ____
ANUG
29
HIV associated periodontal disease: Does not respond to conventional _________
periodontal therapy
30
HIV associated periodontal disease: Occurs even with good ______ control
plaque
31
HIV associated periodontal disease: with the typical SRPs, WHAT seems to do GREAT???
Chlorhexidine gluconate (Peridex) rinses
32
What was previously called HIV associated gingivitis?
Linear Gingival Erythema
33
Linear Gingival Erythema: Spontaneous bleeding, sometimes ______
NOCTURNAL (blood on pillow)
34
Linear Gingival Erythema: ______ tissue necrosis
Soft
35
Linear Gingival Erythema: What is a CLASSIC distinguishing feature between this and typical gingivitis in non-AIDS patients?
LGE is PAINFUL!! (if patient has painful gingivitis, consider this as Dx)
36
HIV associated periodontitis: What is the transitional stage between Linear Gingival Erythema and more severe forms of involvement?
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
37
HIV associated periodontitis: Which form usually affects only FOCAL areas in contrast to the more diffuse involvement of more severe forms?
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
38
HIV associated periodontitis: Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis: May be limited to ________ areas
interdental papilla
39
HIV associated periodontitis: Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis- Some early _____ destruction is often present as well
bone
40
HIV associated periodontitis: Which type presents as severe loss of periodontal attachment?
Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis
41
HIV associated periodontitis: Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis will actually have minimal ______ formation..
pocket (the gingiva recedes WITH the bone)
42
HIV associated periodontitis: Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis shows interproximal _______
cratering
43
Which HIV associated periodontitis state displays SEQUESTRATION of bone where the patient will have random pieces of bone pop out of the sulcus??
Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontits
44
Which HIV associated periodontitis state is associated with severe pain that is "deep" or "bone" pain?
Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontits
45
HIV associated periodontitis: Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis with SPREAD to involve soft tissue and bone outside the alveolar ridge areas is called WHAT???
Necrotizing Ulcerative Stomatitis
46
What is the MOST severe form of HIV associated periodontitis?
Necrotizing Ulcerative Stomatitis
47
What are the three main types of Fungal infections in AIDS patients?
1. Candidiasis 2. Histoplasmosis 3.Cryptococcus
48
What is the most common clinical presentation of candidiasis in AIDS patients?
PseudoMembraneous
49
A fungal infection can usually be seen in as many as ___ or ___% of AIDS/pre-AIDS patients...
75-90%
50
Pseudomembranous Candidiasis is typically creamy white or yellow plaques that resemble ______...MMMMMM!!!YUMM!
milk curd
51
Pseudomembranous Candidiasis-Usually have an ________ background
erythematous
52
Pseudomembranous Candidiasis: is it always wipeable?
YES! but sometimes you must try pretty hard
53
What are the 4 most affected areas in Pseudomembranous Candidiasis?
1.Palate 2.Buccal Mucosa 3.Labial Mucosa 4.Dorsum of Tongue
54
What is the fungal infection that affects people mostly in the Ohio and Mississippi river valley regions?
HistoPlasmosis
55
What are the two aggressive treatments for Fungal infections in AIDS?
1.Amphoteracin B 2.Azole derived meds
56
What is by far the most common neoplasm associated with AIDS?
Kaposi's Sarcoma
57
What is the etiology of Kaposi's Sarcoma?
HHV VIII
58
Kaposi's Sarcoma: Diffuse, uncontrolled _________ in an immune deficient host
angiogenesis
59
KS is the initial manifestation of AIDS in ___% of patients
30%
60
What are the two most common features of patients with Kaposi's Sarcoma?
White and Homosexual
61
_____% of all with KS will have ORAL lesions
54%
62
What are the two typical colors of Kaposi's Sarcoma?
Purple and Red
63
Kaposi's Sarcoma lesions typically appear as ______ to slightly raised to nodular, and may show _______ in nodular phase
Macular... ulceration
64
What are the two sites of preference for oral lesions of Kaposi's Sarcoma?
keratinized mucosa-hard palate and gingiva
65
What are the two possible treatments of a Kaposi's Sarcoma lesion?
surgical excision or laser removal

ORAL PATHOLOGY! (40 decks)

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