Exam 6-NEOPLAMS of Bone-Benign

Question 1

Benign Vs. Malignant: Benign- Asymptomatic, grows _____ and by expansion: _____ teeth and ______ the cortex, symmetrical, does not metastasize

Answer 1

slowly…displaces…expands

Question 2

Benign Vs. Malignant: Malignant- Usually symptomatic, grows more ______, ______ and destroys adjacent structures, often asymmetrical, ragged or poorly defined borders and destroys cortex, lays down bone ______ the cortex, capable of metastasis

Answer 2

rapidly…INVADES…OUTSIDE

Question 3

What are the 4 Bone Neoplasms/Growths that are BENIGN?

Answer 3

1.Exostoses 2.Osteoma 3.Osteiod Osteoma 4.OsteoBlastoma

Question 4

What are the 3 bone neoplasms that are Cartilagenous in nature??

Answer 4

1.Chondroma 2.Chondromyxoid fibroma 3.Benign ChondroBlastoma

Question 5

What is the bone neoplasm that is of Fibrous origin?

Answer 5

Desmoplastic Fibroma

Question 6

What is a localized proliferation of bone that arises from the cortical plate?

Answer 6

an Exostoses

Question 7

An exostoses is a localized proliferation of bone that arises from the _______ plate with minimal to NO _______ bone involvement

Answer 7

cortical…medullary

Question 8

What are the fancy Latin names for exostoses on the mandible? maxilla?

Answer 8

Torus Palatinus, Torus Mandibularis

Question 9

What is the most common site for an exostosis?

Answer 9

Buccal area of maxillary or mandibular alveolar ridge is the most common site

Question 10

Are exostoses often unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 10

Bilateral

Question 11

What age group is most affected by exostoses?

Answer 11

adults

Question 12

Although exostoses are just a bony hard, elevated, nodular lesion and are asymptomatic, the thin overlying mucosa may ______ easily

Answer 12

ULCERATE

Question 13

Where are Torus Palatinus ALWAYS located???

Answer 13

midline of the hard palate

Question 14

The etiology of Torus Palatinus is probably _______

Answer 14

multifactorial

Question 15

Where is a Torus Mandibularis located?

Answer 15

Lingual Premolar area of the mandible

Question 16

What % of Torus Mandibularis are bilateral?

Answer 16

90%!

Question 17

What is a localized proliferation of bone that MAY be indistinguishable from tori, but it does have the distinguishing factor of involving the medullary bone OR cortical bone (torus is just cortical)???

Answer 17

an Osteoma

Question 18

The TYPE of bone in an osteoma is variable, from dense, compact ______-like bone without significant marrow to
______ bone with trabecular pattern and marrow

Answer 18

cortical…Cancellous

Question 19

Osteomas are almost EXCLUSIVE to what region of the body??

Answer 19

craniofacial skeleton

Question 20

Osteomas are MOST OFTEN _______ lesions and are asymptomatic

Answer 20

SOLITARY

Question 21

Getting a bit more specific, we know ostemas are almost exclusive to the craniofacial skeleton, but where in this region is their predilection?

Answer 21

sinuses

Question 22

Osteomas GENERALLY have a limited growth potential, BUT they CAN reach a large size and produce ______

Answer 22

deformity

Question 23

What is the NUMBER 1 thing for dentists to think about when they see an osteoma?

Answer 23

GARDNER’s SYNDROME

Question 24

Which benign bone lesion is GARDNER’s SYNDROME associated with??

Answer 24

Osteomas

Question 25

An aside, probably not on the test but mentioned in class-what % of Pts with Gardner's Syndrome will present with osteomas?

Answer 25

80% (New England Journal of Medicine)

Question 26

What type of genetic inheritance is Gardner's Syndrome?

Answer 26

Autosomal Dominant

Question 27

Ok, ok I get it. Gardner's syndrome has multiple osteomas...but WHERE are they most commonly found??

Answer 27

Angle of the Mandible

Question 28

Along with the classic sign of osteomas in Gardner's syndrome, what other dental anomaly is it associated with?

Answer 28

supernumerary teeth

Question 29

What are the three types of cysts/tumors/and polyps found in patients with Gardner's Syndrome?

Answer 29

1.Muliple Epidermoid Cysts 2.Desmoid Tumors 3.Multiple Adenomatous polyps of the colon and rectum

Question 30

Which lesion in patient's with Gardner's Syndrome transforms to MALIGNANT 100% OF THE TIME?

Answer 30

the Adenomatous Polyps of the colon/rectum

Question 31

What is the "TRUE" neoplasm of bone that is RARE? How RARE is it?

Answer 31

An Osteiod Osteoma...less than 1% of all bone tumors

Question 32

the RARE Osteoid Osteoma has a wide age range but 85% of the time will affect people less than ___ years of age..Which sex does it affect more?

Answer 32

30...Males 2:1

Question 33

What are the two CLASSIC clinical symptoms/treatments of an osteiod osteoma?

Answer 33

1.Nocturnal Pain 2.Relieved by Aspirin

Question 34

Oooo Osteoid Osteomas are juicy with distinguishable traits....what is the CLASSIC radiographic appearance?

Answer 34

"target"

Question 35

Which benign bone neoplasm has the radiographic appearance of a "target"?

Answer 35

osteoid osteoma

Question 36

Which benign bone neoplasm presents with noctornal pain and is relieved by aspirin?

Answer 36

osteoid osteoma

Question 37

Radiographic representation of osteoid osteomas: Small lesion, less than ____ in diameter Central _____ Peripheral radiolucent “_____” and a _______ rim

Answer 37

1cm...opacity..."halo"....corticated

Question 38

Which true neoplasm of bone is really similar to an osteoid osteoma in that they are RARE and are less than 1% of all bone tumors?

Answer 38

OsteoBlastoma

Question 39

Osteoblastomas have a propensity for occurrence in which region of the body? Which area MORE SPECIFICALLY?

Answer 39

craniofacial skeleton...the MANDIBLE

Question 40

Much like an osteoid osteoma, an osteoblastoma is found in a wide age range, but most patients are usually under age ___ and the gender of ______ is 2:1

Answer 40

30..males

Question 41

One distinguishing factor between an ostroid osteoma and and an osteoblastoma is the size of the lesion. Osteiod osteomas are __cm whereas osteoblastomas are ____

Answer 41

OO: 1cm...osteoblastomas over 2cm

Question 42

What is a COMMON symptom of an osteoblastoma? How is this distinct from an osteoid osteoma?

Answer 42

pain is a common symptom...1.not nocturnal pain 2.not releived by aspirin

Question 43

Osteoblastomas may produce SIGNIFICANT ________ and deformity

Answer 43

expansion

Question 44

What is the ONLY benign neoplasm of cartilage origin we will discuss?

Answer 44

Chondromas

Question 45

What age range usually presents with chondromas and where are they more commonly found?

Answer 45

20-40 year olds and more common in extremities

Question 46

Chondromas are exceedingly rare in the _____ region and most diagnosed are ________ chondrosarcomas

Answer 46

head and neck...low grade

Question 47

Which two benign cartilage neoplasms are so rare in the jaw that we are not even going to talk about them?? :)

Answer 47

Chondro-Myxoid Fibroma and ChondroBlastoma

Question 48

What is the name for a benign locally aggressive fibrous boney neoplasm?

Answer 48

Desmo-Plastic Fibroma

Question 49

A _________ is the bone equivalent of soft tissue fibromatosis

Answer 49

desmo-plastic fibroma

Question 50

What age groups present with desmoplastic fibromas more often?

Answer 50

children and young adults

Question 51

Desmoplastic Fibromas occur 85% of the time in which arch? What two specific locations in this arch?

Answer 51

Mandible...posterior mandible and ascending ramus

Question 52

The only definite radiographic feature of a Desmoplastic Fibroma is that it is _________, everything else goes both ways: unilocular to multilocular, borders well defined or poorly defined

Answer 52

radiolucent

Question 53

Treatment of Desmoplastic Fibromas-curettage shows a ___% recurrence and resection shows a ___% recurrence.

Answer 53

curettage-70%...resection 20%