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Psyc of Personality 336 > Exam 5 - Section 1 > Flashcards

Exam 5 - Section 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Learning

_________– Stimuli that occur close together in time will come to elicit the same response

A

Classical conditioning

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2
Q

_________

Classical conditioning– Stimuli that occur close together in time will come to elicit the same response

A

Learning

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3
Q

Learning

Classical conditioning– Stimuli that occur close together in time will come to elicit the same _________

A

response

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4
Q

_________ – Behaviors followed by pleasant outcomes are more likely to be repeated;

A

Operant conditioning

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5
Q

Operant conditioning – Behaviors followed by pleasant outcomes are _________ likely to be repeated;

A

more

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6
Q

_________-behaviors followed by unpleasant outcomes are less likely to be repeated

A

Operant conditioning –

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7
Q

Operant conditioning – behaviors followed by unpleasant outcomes are _________ likely to be repeated

A

less

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8
Q

-Behaviorism-

_________ - All knowledge comes from our experience (senses)

A

Empiricism

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9
Q

-Behaviorism-

_________- We can’t know unless were knowing through our senses

A

Empiricism

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10
Q

Empiricism

– Experience is the direct product of _________

A

reality

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11
Q

-Behaviorism-

Empiricism - All knowledge comes from our experience (_________)

A

senses

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12
Q

– Implies that at birth the mind is essentially empty

A

Empiricism

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13
Q

Empiricism – Implies that at birth the mind is essentially _________

A

empty

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14
Q

Empiricism – Implies that at birth the mind is essentially empty
• _________ : tabula rasa, or blank slate

A

John Locke

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15
Q

Empiricism – Implies that at birth the mind is essentially empty
• John Locke: tabula rasa, or _________

A

blank slate

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16
Q

_________ -

Associationism
– Many things are associated because one causes
the other (classical conditioning)

A

Behaviorism

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17
Q

-Behaviorism-

_________
– Many things are associated because one causes
the other (classical conditioning)

A

Associationism

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18
Q

-Behaviorism-

Associationism
– Many things are associated because one causes
the other (_________ )

A

classical conditioning

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19
Q

_________ -Any two things can become mentally linked because they are repeatedly experienced in time together

A

Associationism

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20
Q

Associationism - Any two things can become mentally linked because they are _________ experienced in time _________

A
  • repeatedly

- together

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21
Q

_________- maximize pleasure while minimizing pain

A

Hedonism

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22
Q

-WHO-

behaviorism

A

John Watson

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23
Q

behaviorism was used by John Watson, a proponent of _________ conditioning,

A

classical

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24
Q

behaviorism was used by B.F. Skinner, a leader in research about _________ conditioning

A

operant

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25
Watson and Skinner both believed the _________ life was much less important than _________ as a foundation for psychological science.
- mental | - behavior
26
_________- your environment determines whats going to happen
Determinism
27
_________- that which we can not see we can not study
Mentalism
28
Mentalism - that which we can not _________ we can not _________
- see | - study
29
_________ the process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors
Learning
30
_________ changing behavior choices in response to consequences
Operant conditioning
31
Operant conditioning - changing behavior choices in response to _________
consequences
32
_________ - When you do something because you get rewarded for it
Operant conditioning
33
_________- learning to link two stimuli in a way that helps us anticipate an event to which we have a reaction
Classical conditioning
34
Classical conditioning - learning to link two stimuli in a way that helps us anticipate an _________ to which we have a _________
- event | - reaction
35
_________- pairing of two stimuli such that one stimuli can illicit the response of the other
Classical conditioning
36
Skinner was a proponate of _________
determinism
37
_________ - Everyone has their own unique personality because they have had their own set of Classical and operant conditioning through their lives
Skinner
38
Skinner - Everyone has their own unique _________ because they have had their own set of Classical and operant conditioning through their _________
- personality | - lives
39
Through _________, the occurrence of behavior is made more or less probable
operant conditioning
40
_________- study of the ways in which behavior is acquired, maintained, or modified by its reinforcing or punishing consequences
Operant analysis
41
Operant analysis: study of the ways in which behavior is acquired, _________, or modified by its reinforcing or punishing _________
- maintained | - consequences
42
_________ - Skinners way of analyzing personality
Operant analysis
43
_________ : The procedure of presenting a stimulus following a response to increase how often the response occurs in the future.
Positive reinforcement
44
Positive reinforcement: The procedure of presenting a stimulus following a response to _________ how often the response occurs in the future.
increase
45
_________ : Taking something (aversive) away to increase the likelihood that a behavior will happen again.
Negative reinforcement
46
Negative reinforcement: Taking something (_________) away to _________ the likelihood that a behavior will happen again.
- aversive | - increase
47
Negative reinforcement: Taking something (aversive) away to increase the likelihood that a _________ will happen again.
behavior
48
_________ : The procedure of presenting a stimulus when a behavior occurs to decrease the likelihood .
Punishment (positive)
49
Punishment (positive): The procedure of presenting a stimulus when a behavior occurs to _________ the likelihood .
decrease
50
_________ - Adding something aversive to decrease the likelihood of the behavior happening again.
Punishment (positive)
51
_________ : Taking something (desirable) away to decrease the likelihood that a behavior will happen in the future.
Negative Punishment
52
Negative Punishment: Taking something (desirable) away to _________ the likelihood that a behavior will happen in the future.
decrease
53
-Operant Conditioning- _________ : relationship between a behavior and its consequences
Contingency
54
_________ - Contingency: relationship between a behavior and its _________
- Operant Conditioning | - consequences
55
-Operant Conditioning- _________ : • The events that precede the behavior • The behavior itself • The consequences that follow the behavior
Three-term contingency
56
-Operant Conditioning- Three-term contingency: • The events that precede the behavior • The _________ itself • The _________ that follow the behavior
- behavior | - consequences
57
-Operant Conditioning- Three-term contingency: _________ - The events that precede the behavior
ANTECEDENTS
58
-Operant Conditioning- Three-term contingency: _________ - The consequences that follow the behavior
Learning opportunity
59
ABC’s of Behavior- _________- Establishing operations for behaviors.
ANTECEDENTS
60
ABC’s of Behavior- _________- Responses to S/muli. Can be verbal or soma/c.
BEHAVIORS
61
ABC’s of Behavior- _________- What happens as a result of our behavior; according to Skinner, why we behave in the first place.
CONSEQUENCES
62
ABC’s of Behavior- CONSEQUENCES- What happens as a result of our behavior; according to _________ , why we behave in the first place.
Skinner
63
Variables in conditioning- _________ : The psychological meaning of a stimulus.
Stimulus Function
64
Variables in conditioning- Same stimulus can have different _________ , depending on the situation and _________ history
- functions | - learning
65
Variables in conditioning- _________ : When a response varies (occurs, does not occur) in the presence of a particular stimulus. — Red light = Stop! — Phone rings = Answer it
Stimulus Control
66
Variables in conditioning- Stimulus Control: When a response varies (occurs, does not occur) in the presence of a _________ stimulus. — Red light = Stop! — Phone rings = Answer it
particular
67
_________ - | Stimulus Function and Stimulus Control Explain individual differences between people.
For skinner
68
For skinner - | Stimulus Function and Stimulus Control Explain individual _________ between people.
differences
69
-Operant Conditioning- _________ : responses made in the presence of a particular stimulus come to be made in the presence of other, similar stimuli
Stimulus generalization
70
Stimulus generalization: | responses made in the presence of a particular _________ come to be made in the presence of other, similar _________
- stimulus | - stimuli
71
_________ - | The girl who cried at the doctor, maybe also cries at the dentist
Stimulus generalization
72
_________ : reduction in behavior that occurs as a result of the failure to reinforce previously reinforced behavior
Extinction
73
Extinction: reduction in behavior that occurs as a result of the failure to _________ previously reinforced behavior
reinforce
74
_________ : teaching a new behavior by reinforcing responses that successively approximate it.
Shaping
75
_________ : schedule of reinforcement in which each response is followed by a reinforcer
Continuous reinforcement
76
_________ : schedule of reinforcement in which responses produce reinforcers only occasionally
Intermittent reinforcement
77
_________ : fixed number of responses is required before a reinforcer is applied
fixed-ratio
78
fixed-ratio : fixed number of responses is required before a _________ is applied
reinforcer
79
_________ : the first response that occurs after a fixed amount of time has elapsed is reinforced
Fixed-interval
80
Fixed-interval : the first response that occurs after a fixed amount of _________ has elapsed is reinforced
time
81
_________ - you have to respond a certain number of times before you get paid
Fixed-ratio
82
_________ - A certain number of times have to go by before you get paid
Fixed-interval:
83
_________ : Delayed responding
Fixed-interval
84
_________- observable behavior
behaviorist

Psyc of Personality 336 (19 decks)

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