Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing or feeling short of breath
Orthopnea
Difficulty breathing when lying down
Stridor
Harsh, high-pitches, crowing-like sound heard on inspiration
Apnea
No respirations
Bradypnea
Respiratory rate <12
Eupnea
Reapiratory rate 12-20; quite, rhythmic, and effortlessl. Normal breathing
Tachypnea
respiratory rate >20
Hyperpnea
exaggerated deep, rapid, or labored respirations. (ex. kussmal’s)
Hyperventilation
respiratory rate or depth, or both, is > that what is required to med the body’s need.
Hypoventilation
Respiratory rate or depth, or both is < what is required to meet the bodies need.
Cheyne-Strokes Respirations
Rhythmic changes between very deep, very shallow, or deep respirations intersperssed with apnea.
Biot’s (cluster) respirations
Periods of rapid, shallow, or deep respirations interspersed with apnea.
Agonal respirations
Progressively shallow & slower respirations that may precede death; may have a “gasping fish” type of appearance.
Hypoxia
Low levels of oxygen in the tissue
Hypoxemia
low levels of oxygen in the blood
Hypercarbia/hypercapnea
high levels of CO2 in the blood
Tidal Volume
represents the amount of air ventilated in one breath. 1 inspration and 1 expiration
Somnolence
decreased LOC; hard to arouse
Solutes
Particles or substances in solutions
Solvent
Liquid or Fluid part. (Water is the solvant in the human body)
Homeostasis
State of internal equilibrium when all body systems are in order.
