Exam II Review (F. tubes, ovary, uterus, prego stuff) Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is the term used for endometrial tissue that forms tumor-like nodules outside the uterus?
Endometriosis
Where are the three MOST COMMON locations for endometriosis?
Ovary, Fallopian Tube, and the Pelvic Peritoneum (also pelvis, umbilicus, appendix, colon)
What two groups of women are most likely to develop endometriosis?
1.”women of reproductive life” haha no shit. 30’s and 40’s….2.Women in higher socio-economic grps who marry late in life
The _________ theory: the endometrial tissue is ________ during normal menstruation and, instead of entering the vagina, it is transferred upstream where it enters the _________ through the fallopian tubes.
regurgitation…..regurgitating….abdominal cavity
Endometreosis: The glands implant on the ______ of the ovary or the peritoneum, forming typical ________ nodules or plaques.
serosa….red-brown
What are the two names for benign tumors originating from the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium.
Leio-my-omas (leio-smooth myo-muscle)…..FIBROIDS
What are the 3 types of fibroids? (leiomyomas)
1.Intramural (in the myometrium) 2.Subserosal (beneath the covering serosa of the uterus) 3.Submucosa (protrude into the endometrial cavity)
What are most common in the 3rd and 4th decades and more common in blacks?
Leiomyomas (fibroids)
When do leiomyomas/fibriods occur?
during reproductive life, 30’s and 40’s
What is the MOST COMMON UTERINE TUMOR? What % of women of reproductive age have them?
Leiomyoma/fibroid….20%
What % of Leiomyomas are benign?
98% benign… 2% malignant <—nice math dawg!
Grossly, they are sharply circumscribed, unencapsulated white-tan whorled masses on cut section.
leiomyoma/fibroid
What are the 4 risk factors for endometrial carcinoma?
1.Exogenous Estrogen 2.Estrogen secreting tumors 3.obese (and therefore synthesize estrogen from fat) 4.Nulliparous/Early menarche/late menopause (more estrogen exposure)
What is the most common MALIGNANT tumor of the female UroGenital Tract? What % of all GYN malignancies?
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma…50% of all GYN malignancies
What are the three types of endometrial hyperplasias and what are the % of it turning into an adenocarcinoma?
1.Simple hyperplasia (minimal glandular complexity)- 1% 2.Complex hyperplasia(multilayering of the glands)- 3% 3.Atypical hyperplasia(complexity to the glands with crowding and there is cytologic atypia)- 25%
What TYPE of cancer is Endometrial Adenocarcinoma?
Glandular Cancer
Where does Endometrial Adenocarcinoma originate?
Arises from the epithelial cells lining the endometrial glands
What are the 3 treatments for endometrial adenocarcinoma?
1.historectomy (w or w/o ovaries…TAH-BSO) (lymph resection possible too) 2.Radiation in advanced cases 3. Chemo(inoperable cases)
What is the most common clinical sign for a woman with endometrial adenocarcinoma?
Vaginal bleeding between two menstruations or prolonged menstral bleeding…ESPECIALLY post menopausal women
What is the age range for endometrial adenocarcinoma?
older women, rare before 35
Ectopic Pregnancy: Clinically, there is onset of severe _______ pain with rupture and the possibility of _______.
abdominal…..hypovolemic shock
Would you get a positive pregnancy test during an ectopic pregnancy?
YES!
Ectopic Pregnancy: Aspiration of fresh blood from ___________ (posterior fornix) denotes rupture.
the pouch of Douglas
An ________ biopsy is helpful in diagnosis.
endometrial
