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Reproduction > Repro Ex III Part 2 > Flashcards

Repro Ex III Part 2 Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

What does FNA stand for? What does the specimen consist of? What is the accuracy rate? What is a downfall?

A

Fine Needle Aspiration…small specimen that consists of cells smeared on a slide….95% accuracy rate…SAMPLE TOO SMALL

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2
Q

Which type of biopsy is usually needed for FINAL diagnosis? What is the downside?

A

An Incisional Biopsy…its invasive! general anesthetic

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3
Q

What is a Mammogram looking for? What size? Other indicators?

A

Tumors that are not large enough for palpation…0.5cm….Calcification indicators

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4
Q

A _________ is the most CONSERVATIVE surgical procedure, as it is limited to resection of the tumor with surrounding fat tissue.

A

lumpectomy

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5
Q

A ________ refers to removal of the entire breast, which is associated with axillary lymph node resection.

A

Mastectomy–aka– modified radical mastectomy

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6
Q

What is the usual route of breast cancer metastasis?

A

Breast (and breast lymph nodes)—>axillary lymph nodes—>BONE, lungs, liver, adrenals

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7
Q

What is the other name for Sertoli Cells? What is their function?

A

Sus-ten-ticular Cells….Support and Nutrition of the spermatozoa (they are located in between these germ cells)

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8
Q

What are the 3 accessory male glands producing seminal fluid? What % does each gland contribute?

A

1.Seminal Vesicles: 60% 2.Prostate: 30% 3.Cowpers/bulbourethral: 10%

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9
Q

What is the lining epithelium for the Vas Deferens?

A

Ciliated PseudoStratified Epithelium

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10
Q

What is the lining epithelium for the epididymis?

A

Ciliated PseudoStratified Epithelium

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11
Q

What is cryptorchidism? What is the most common non-malignant complications? What is the most common malignant complication?

A

Cryptorchidism-congenital undescended testis….Non-mal: Infertility…..Malignant: Germ cell tumor - Seminoma (and less common embryonal)

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12
Q

When do the testes normally descend down into the scrotum?

A

the testes are down home by 33 weeks

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13
Q

What is the most commonly seen tumor in cryptorchidism?

A

Germ Cell tumor–Seminoma

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14
Q

What are the __7__ clinical features of Kleinfelters syndrome? What is the karyotype?

A

XXY……1.Eunichoid body 2.Long Legs 3.Small testes 4.small penis 5.no secondary male sex characteristics 6.gynecomastia 7. lower IQ

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15
Q

A ________ is a spontaneous accumulation of clear SEROUS fluid between the layers of the tunica vaginalis and the testis or epididymis.

A

Hydrocele

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16
Q

A _______ refers to a small, cystic accumulation of SEMEN in the dilated efferent ductules or ducts of the rete testis.

A

Spermatocele

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17
Q

WHERE do Spermatoceles occur?

A

the Efferent Ductules OR the rete testis

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18
Q

WHERE does a Hydrocele occur?

A

between the tunica vaginalis and the testes/epidiymis

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19
Q

What is this describing? Histologically, the cyst is lined by cuboidal epithelium that contains spermatozoa in various stages of development.

A

A Spermatocele

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20
Q

What is the most common etiology of torsion of the testies causing the testicle to become dead and black?

A

Vigorous physical exercise

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21
Q

What type of cancer is cancer of the penis?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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22
Q

What are the 4 risk factors for carcinoma of the penis? 2 questions on it!

A

1.Smegma (desquamated cells & keratin debris) 2.HPV types 16 and 18 3.uncircumsized 4. old age

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23
Q

What is the most common male condition related to a herpes infection?

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A

Herpes Genitalis (HSV-2)–vesicle formation on penis

24
Q

______ is a malady of unknown etiology characterized by focal, asymmetric, fibrous induration of the shaft of the penis resulting in penile curvature and pain during erection.

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A

Pey-Ron-ie Disease

25
_______ presents as an ill-defined fibrous nodule in a young or middle-aged male without any change in the overlying skin in the penis.
Pey-Ron-ie Disease
26
In ________, there is dense dermal fibrosis with a non- specific chronic inflammatory infiltrate and the collagen slowly replaces the muscle in the penis.
Pey-Ron-ie Disease
27
What is the main characteristic of primary syphilis? When does it occur?
A chan-cre in 2-10 weeks
28
What is the main characteristic of secondary syphilis? What 4 places do I find it? How long does it take to occur?
A maculo-papular rash...palms, soles, skin, mucous membranes...1-3 months after primary syphilis
29
What are the moist lesions on the genitals in secondary syphilis?
Condylomata Lata
30
What are 3 specific sites of inflammation in secondary syphilis? What are 3 general symptoms?
Meningitis, Nephritis, and Hepatitis...swollen lymph, arthritis, and fever
31
What is the general difference in N. Gonorrhoeae's affect on males vs females?
males: symptoms....females: asymptomatic
32
What are the two main signs of N. Gonorrhoeae in a male?
painful urination and pus discharge
33
Women can show the same two main signs of N. Gonorrhoeae as men, but they can also have what?
pus from the cervix (along with painful urination and pus discharge)
34
Who is more likely to have pain during intercourse after a gonorrhoeae infection, male or female?
females
35
The sexually transmitted PROTOZOAN ______ is found in the female _____ and male ______.
Tri-chom-onas Vaginalis....vagina....urethra
36
Tri-chom-onas Vaginalis is a _____-shaped organism with a central nucleus and ____ anterior flagella. It exists only as a trophozoite with no _____ form.
pear....4..cyst
37
Who is most likely to contract Trichomonas Vaginalis: a sexually active woman or a postmenopausal woman?
Highest: sexually active...lowest: postmenopausal
38
Tri-chom-onas Vaginalis causes a _____, foul-smelling _______ discharge accompanied by itching and burning. Infection in men is usually asymptomatic, but about 10% have a ______.
Watery....greenish...urethritis
39
How do you diagnose a Trichomonas Vaginalis infection?
a WET MOUNT PREP....look at the secretion for the swimming guys
40
What is the name for HSV-1?
Herpes Labialis
41
Which herpes has the hallmark sign of VESICLES?
HSV-1 Herpes Labialis
42
Can HSV-1 and HSV-2 show up on the other's turf?
YES, Herpes Labialis can show up on the genitals and Herpes Genitalis can show up on the mouth/face
43
Which herpes virus can cause an aseptic meningitis, and a congenital infection (TORCH) acquired during passage in an infected birth canal?
HSV-2 Herpes Genitalis
44
What is the TZANCK smear used for?
Shows the way Herpes affects the mouth, vagina, and penis. Scrape from the area put on a slide.... Characteristic MOLDING of the NUCLEI.
45
What is the ovarian homologue to the male Seminoma?
Dysgerminoma
46
What accounts for half of all germ cell tumors?
Seminoma
47
What is the tumor is not found before puberty and most patients are between the ages of 25 and 55?
Seminoma
48
90 % of all seminomas are of the ______ type, with anaplastic and spermatocytic seminomas presenting as much rare variants.
classic
49
Presents as a firm intratesticular poorly demarcated mass that bulges from the cut surface of the testis...
Seminoma
50
Seminoma: How much of the teste is going to be replaced by tumor in over half of the cases?
THE ENTIRE teste
51
A Seminoma will appear with the ________ color with rare focal areas of hemorrhage and necrosis.
yellow-white
52
Histologically Seminomas display solid ____ of proliferating tumor cells between scattered fibrovascular trabeculae and ________.
'nests'...lymphocytes
53
In Seminomas, the cells have _______ borders with ______ rich clear cytoplasm and normal appearing nuclei with coarse granular chromatin.
well-defined...glycogen
54
Which testicular tumors are EXQUISITELY SENSATIVE to RADIATION??
Seminomas!!!!
55
What is the 5 year survival rate after radiation treatment in a seminoma?
85-95%!!!
56
What are the tumor markers for Seminoma?
TRICKED YA! there are none :)

Reproduction (7 decks)

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