Exercise 05: Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation

Question 1

Weight of Albino Rabbit

Answer 1

200 g to 2 kg

Question 2

Two (2) Drugs Samples Used in this Exercise

Answer 2

1. Epinephrine (Adrenaline) - 2.5 ug / 500 g
2. Nitroglycerin Ointment / Patch

Question 3

Constricted blood vessels after the administration of __________.

Answer 3

Epinephrine

Question 4

Dilated blood vessels after the application of __________.

Answer 4

Nitroglycerin Ointment / Patch

Question 5

AKA: “Adrenaline” Potent vasoconstrictor & cardiac stimulant. Gives positive inotropic & chronotropic effects.

Answer 5

Epinephrine

Question 6

Its MOA is to bind to A1 receptor. When activated, the A1 receptor triggers smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, and brain, among other areas.

Answer 6

Epinephrine (Vasoconstrictor)

Question 7

Agent of Choice for Anaphylactic Shock

Answer 7

Epinephrine

Question 8

Site of Injection of Epinephrine

Answer 8

Marginal Ear Vein

Question 9

AKA: “Glyceryl Trinitrate” The mainstay treatment for angina.

Answer 9

Nitroglycerin

Question 10

Its MOA is to form free radical nitric oxide. This results in the activation of guanylyl cyclase. The guanylyl cyclase converts GTP to CGMP resulting to Dephosphorylation of Myosin Light Chains Vasodilation.

Answer 10

Nitroglycerin (Vasodilator)

Question 11

The Preferred Route of Nitroglycerin

Answer 11

Short - Sublingual - 0.15 mg to 0.3 mg

Question 12

Extended Release Capsule 2.5, 6.5, 9, or 13 mg.

Answer 12

Intermediate - Oral

Question 13

It can deliver up to 0.8 mg of Nitroglycerin per hour.

Answer 13

Long - Transdermal Patch

Question 14

Acute A/E of Nitroglycerin

Answer 14

• Orthostatic Hypotension
• Reflex Tachycardia
• Throbbing Headache

Question 15

A/E of Nitroglycerin based on Tolerance

Answer 15

• Tachyphylaxis
• Monday Headache / Dizziness