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CCSP > Exercise Phys > Flashcards

Exercise Phys Flashcards

1
Q

The form of resistance where you resist the movement of an object is referred to as…

A

eccentric training

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2
Q

What is the most appropriate levels of resistance and repetitions to be used in a resistance training program for the development of muscular strength? (high/low)

A

high resistance, low reps

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3
Q

The increase in the number of individual muscle fibers is referred to as….

A

Hyperplasia

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4
Q

The basic difference between a power movement and a strength movement is…

A

The speed of movement

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5
Q

The increase in strength with resistance training results from which of the following: hypertrophy of the muscle; increased motor unit recruitment; synchronization; all of the above

A

All of the above

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6
Q

Fiber-type conversion has been shown to occur under which of the following conditions: cross-inervation of motor nerve to muscle fibers; chronic stimulation of FT motor units with low-frequency nerve stimulation; both; there is no conversion.

A

Both

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7
Q

DOMS experienced 24-48 hours after a heavy bout of exercise from…

A

muscle fiber damage

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8
Q

Which of the folowing types of athletes would be expected to have the higherst % of fast-twitch fibers in the muscles of their legs? Sprinter; shot putter; mid distance runner; long distance runner

A

Sprinter

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9
Q

Other than genetics, what exerts the most significant control on whether a muscle fiber is of a Type I or Type II fiber type?

A

The type of neruon that stimulates it

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10
Q

The major metabolic waste product that causes the muscles and blood to have a lower pH during exercise of increasing intensity is…

A

Lactate

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11
Q

The motor unit is composed of..

A

Motor neuron and muscle fibers

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12
Q

The primary system for providing energy for a 2 hour bout of work is the

A

oxidative

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13
Q

The thick filament comprising the myofibril is known as

A

myosin

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14
Q

The actual shortening of muscle during muscle contractions is a function of …

A

Cross-bridges

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15
Q

Two major neurotransmitters involved in regulating our physiological responses to exercises are…

A

norepinephrine and acetylcholine

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16
Q

Which of the following is a potential explanation for the neurogenic component of gains in muscular strength with resistance training? Periodization; transient hypertrophy; removal of autogenic inhibition; neurogenic facilitation

A

Removal of autogenic inhibition

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17
Q

Calcium ions, responsible for turning on muscle contraction, are stored in the …

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

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18
Q

Long distance runners have been found to set their races at a pace equivalent to their…

A

lactate threshold

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19
Q

Which of the following activities would result in the greatest degree of muscle soreness within 24 to 48 hours after the exercise? Running uphil at 6 mph, 10% grade; running on the level at 6 mph; running downhill at 6 mph, 10% grade; there would be identical degrees of soreness

A

Downhill

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20
Q

With variable or accommodating resistance training machines, how does the resistance vary?

A

In a manner attempting to replicate the strength curve

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21
Q

Which form of training has the potential to dynamically load the muscle maximally throught the full range of motion?

A

Isokinetic

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22
Q

What part of the central nervous system integrates motor function and movement?

A

Cerebellum

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23
Q

Which of the following are examples of the type of sensory information detected by a proprioceptive sensor? Pain in an internal organ; pain and joint angle; muscle tension, tendon tension, deep pressure; heat and cold.

A

Muscle tension, tendon tension, deep pressure

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24
Q

Which of the following types of athletes would be expected to have the highest percentage of ST fivers in the muscles of their legs? Sprinter; shot putter; weight lifter; long distance runner.

A

Long distance runner

25
Q

The _______ muscle fibers constitute approximately 50% of the total muscle fibers in a given muscle in the normal, nonathletic population.

A

Type I

26
Q

Which of the following factos has the greatest influence on energy expenditure during running? Age, gender, training status, body weight.

A

Body weight

27
Q

The one repetition maximum is a functional measure of

A

Strength

28
Q

Anaerobic training results in which of the following changes with the muscle? Increased muscle respiratory capacity; increase in oxidative enzymes; increase in glycolytic enzymes; none of the above

A

Increase in glycolytic enzymes

29
Q

Carbohydrate is the predominant energy substrate at exercise intensity levels of greater than ….

A

70% maximal oxygen uptake

30
Q

As a result of aerobic training, the body is able to depend more on _____ as the substrate for muscle contraction.

A

Fat

31
Q

All out maximal exercise of 1 min duration would stress which system(s)?

A

The glycolytic system

32
Q

During repeated days of exercise in a hot and humid environment, what blood related measurements are decreased?

A

Hemoglobin and hematocrit

33
Q

Which system provides energy through aerobic metabolism?

A

oxidative

34
Q

Lactate threshold is one of the best predictors of

A

distance running performance

35
Q

Two high energy compounds critical for all physical activity are…

A

ATP and PCR

36
Q

Endurance training results in greater storage of muscle …

A

triglyceride and glycogen

37
Q

With endurance training, mitochondia increase or decrease in size and number?

A

Increase in both size and number

38
Q

__________ delivers oxygen from the muscle cell membrane to the mitochondria.

A

Myoglobin

39
Q

T/F: Plasma insulin levels increase during exercise to assure msucle glucose uptake remains high.

A

FALSE

40
Q

T/F: Maximal oxygen uptake is regarded as one of the best single indicators of one’s capacity for endurance exercise.

A

TRUE

41
Q

T/F: Children should not participate in resistance training programs as the risk of injury far outweighs any benefits to be gained.

A

FALSE

42
Q

T/F: The rate of energy release from chemical compainds is facilitated by special proteins called enzymes.

A

TRUE

43
Q

T/F: The two major muscle fiber types, ST and FT, have been shown to undergo conversion from on type to the other with cross-enervation.

A

TRUE

44
Q

T/F: Fast-Twitch muscle fibers are best suited for glycolytic energy production.

A

TRUE

45
Q

T/F: Amino acids are the primary source of energy during sprint exercise.

A

FALSE

46
Q

T/F: Carbohydrates (ie. Glucose) are the major source of fuel during most types of exercise, and fat generally contributes an insignificant amount to the energy supply of the exercising muscles.

A

FALSE

47
Q

T/F: Golgi tendon organs monitor the length of a muscle, whereas muscle spindles are sensitive to tension in the muscle-tendon complex.

A

FALSE

48
Q

Calcium ions, responsible for turning the muscles on are stored in the…

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

49
Q

During exercise of increasing intensity, the point at which blood lactate begins to accumulate above resting levels is called the ____________.

A

lactate threshold

50
Q

The fuel source most likely to to limit endurance is …

A

Glycogen

51
Q

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are referred to as ….

A

catecholamines

52
Q

Extreme muscle soreness results primarily after a bout of ______ exercise.

A

eccentric

53
Q

Lowering a heavy weight from the fully extended position in the two-arm curl is an example of what kind of muscle contraction?

A

Eccentric

54
Q

The actual shortening of muscle during muscle contraction is due to the action of _____, which enable the thin filaments to slide past the thick filaments.

A

Cross-bridges

55
Q

Plyometrics enhance what anatomical area?

A

neuromuscular mechanisms

56
Q

The contract relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation training will stretch the:

A

GTA (Golgi Tendon Apparatus)

57
Q

Which energy system is predominate in endurance activities?

A

oxidative

58
Q

The maximum force capability of a muscle is INVERSELY related to…

A

the velocity of a concentric contraction

59
Q

Glycogen used for energy production is stored in the muscle cell’s _____

A

Mitochondria

CCSP (13 decks)

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