External heart anatomy

Question 1

lateral to heart is

Answer 1

pleura and phrenic nerves

Question 2

inferior to heart is

Answer 2

central tendon of the diaphragm

Question 3

heart lies antertior to vertebrae

Answer 3

T5-T8

Question 4

superior border has

Answer 4

auricles and great vessels

Question 5

right border has and goes from and to

Answer 5

right atrium, rib 3 to rib 6

Question 6

left border has and goes from and to

Answer 6

left ventricle, rib 2 to rib 5

Question 7

inferior border has

Answer 7

right atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle

Question 8

posterior surface has

Answer 8

left atrium

Question 9

inferior (diaphragmatic) surface has

Answer 9

right ventricle and left ventricle

Question 10

anterior (sternocostal) surface has

Answer 10

1/3 RA, 2/3 RV and LV

Question 11

fibrous pericardia

Answer 11

dense connective tissue sac

Question 12

serous pericardia

Answer 12

visceral and parietal. filled with fluid in between -pericardial cavity

Question 13

right coronary artery

Answer 13

arises from right aortic sinus of ascending aorta and runs in coronary sulcus. at inferior margin of heart it gives off a right marginal artery and on post surface of heart gives off post descending artery

Question 14

left coronary artery

Answer 14

arises from left aortic sinus of ascending aorta runs in coronary sulcus divides almost immediately into left anterior descending artery (in inter ventricular sulcus) and circumflex artery

Question 15

anastomoses

Answer 15

anterior and posterior descending

Question 16

left circumflex artery supplies

Answer 16

left atrium and left ventricle

Question 17

left anterior descending artery supplies

Answer 17

right ventricle, left ventricle and inter ventricular septum

Question 18

left marginal artery supplies

Answer 18

left ventricle

Question 19

right marginal artery supplies

Answer 19

right ventricle and the apex

Question 20

right coronary artery supplies

Answer 20

right atrium and right ventricle

Question 21

great cardiac vein

Answer 21

lies alongside anterior interventricular artery

Question 22

middle cardiac vein

Answer 22

lies alongside posterior inter ventricular artery

Question 23

small cardiac vein

Answer 23

lies alongside right marginal artery

Question 24

all cardiac veins ( apart from anterior cardiac vein) drain into

Answer 24

coronary sinus lying alongside the circumflex artery (anterior cardiac vein drains into right atrium directly)

Question 25

coronary sinus drains into

Answer 25

right atrium

Question 26

phrenic nerve innervates

Answer 26

the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium, carries pain sensation

Question 27

vagus nerve innervates

Answer 27

heart and visceral layer of pericardium

Question 28

sympathetic nerves

Answer 28

cervical and upper thoracic ganglia T1-4 innervate heart and visceral layer of serous pericardium (referred pain to inner surface of upper arm)

Question 29

inherent rate of contraction is set by

Answer 29

purkinje cells found in the SA node but this can be altered from outwith the heart by the ANS