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Female Health Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Aerola

A

Circular, darker pigmented area around the nipple
-Nullipara areola are normally pink

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2
Q

Montgomery Glands

A

-Small sebaceous glands that look like bumps around the breast

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3
Q

Cooper ligament

A

Suspensory ligaments of the breast
-Maintain shape and structural

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4
Q

Breast cancer incidence

A

-Most common age: 55-64 yo
-Risk factors: family history, over 50, nulliparous, first child after 30…

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5
Q

Chief Complaint of breast cancer

A

A Lump

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6
Q

Scar Findings

A

-Mastectomy
-Augmentation mammoplasty
-Reduction mammoplasty
-Nipple tattoo

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7
Q

Striae

A

-Lines caused by mechanical stretching of the skin

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8
Q

Dilated Superficial veins

A

Increased blood flow from the breast
-Normal causes: Age-related change
-Abnormal causes: Cancer and Inflammation

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9
Q

Peau D’orange

A

-Dimpling of the skin that resembles the skin of an orange
-“Pig skin”
-Developed because of blocked lymphatic drainage
-Suggests carcinoma

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10
Q

Dimpling

A

Shortening or drawing backward of the skin

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11
Q

Supernumerary nipple

A

Extra nipple of the skin

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12
Q

Nipple retraction

A

-Nipple turns inward

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13
Q

Nipple discharge

A

-Normal in pregnancy and lactation
-Abnormal: Cancer/Mastitis; Color/consistency: bloody, pus, clear, thick, thin…

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14
Q

Observation of Cancer (5 D’s)

A

5 D’s
-Discharge
-Depression (or inversion)
-Discoloration
-Dermalogic changes
-Deviation (compared to opposite side)

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15
Q

Padget’s Disease

A

-Intraductal carcinoma of the breast

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16
Q

Mastitis

A

-Staph infection of the breast
-Most common in lactating women
-Very painful

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17
Q

Fibrocystic Breast Disease

A

-Formation of cysts & intraductal hyperplasia
-Cycles with the menstrual cycle
-Common in women 30s-50s
-Not harmful

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18
Q

Fibroadenoma of the Breast

A

-Common benign breast tissues
-Made up of both glandular and connective tissue
-Most common: Adolescence to age 30

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19
Q

Gynecomastia

A

-Abnormally large mammary glands in the male

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20
Q

Female Reproductive Stages

A

-Menarche: Starts in adolescence
-Menopause: Cessation of menstruation

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21
Q

Stages of menopause

A

-Perimenopause: Commonly starts in 40s (estrogen decreases/causes irregular periods)
-Menopause: Commonly starts 40-50s (No period for 12 months)
-Post Menopause

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22
Q

Gravida

A

Number of pregnancies

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23
Q

Para

A

Number of birth past 20 weeks

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24
Q

Amenorrhea

A

-Absence of menses
-Primary: Failure to menstruate by 16 yo
-Secondary: Menses appeared at puberty but subsequently ceased

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25
Oligomenorrhea
Abnormally light or infrequent menstruation
26
Menorrhagia
Abnormally heavy or extended menstruation
27
Dysmenorrhea
Abnormal pain associated with menstrual cycle
28
Mittelschmerz
Abdominal pain occuring at the time of ovulation
29
Metorrhagia
Any uterine bleeding that is not related to menstruation
30
Dysparaunia
Pain associated with sexual intercourse
31
Post coital bleeding
Bleeding after intercourse
32
Leukorrhea
White, vaginal discharge
33
Vaginal Discharge, odor, itch
-Normal : Milky white -Abnormal: Different colors, odorous, irritating; Usually indicates vaginal infection
34
Premenstrual Syndrome
Wide range of symptoms associated with the second half of cycle that usually goes away 1-2 days after cycle begins -Usually in 20s to 30s -Premenstrual dysmorphic disorder: More severe form
35
Stress incontinence
Involuntary loss of urine with increased intra abdominal pressure
36
Urge incontinence
Sudden, intense urge to urinate followed by an involuntary loss of urine
37
Standard Pelvic examination
-Have a female assistant accompany male physician -Touch thigh before beginning exam
38
Labia minora atrophy
Occurs due to decreased estrogen
39
Clitoromegaly
Enlarged clitoris that can be congenital or acquired
40
Urethritis
Red and swollen urethra (inflammed)
41
Urethral caruncle
Benign fleshy outgrowth of urethra
42
Hymen caruncle
Small irregular fleshy projections, located in introitus
43
Vaginal wall Abnormal findings
Abnormal: Masses/bulges and Discharge
44
Cervix Inspection
-Normal: Oval, slit like opening, pinkish -Abnormal: Cervicitis (reddish, inflammed discharge), pregnancy (bluish discoloration), masses (retention, cysts, polyp), cancer (cauliflower growth)
45
Retention Cyst
Small white or purplish cysts that form on surface of cervix
46
PAP Smear
-Cervical cancer test -3 samples: endocervical, cervical scrape, vaginal pool
47
Bimanual exam
-Internal palpation of structures -Adnexa: Mass, cyst, pelvic inflammatory disease -Bartholins Glands
48
Urethritis
Urethral infection; most commonly bacterial
49
Urethral caruncle
Benign, reddish, fleshy outgrowth at the urethral meatus -Primarily occurs postmenopausal -Asymptomatic mostly; but can have pain and bleeding
50
Cystocele
Bulging of the anterior vaginal wall
51
Vaginitis
Inflammation of vaginal mucosa
52
Bacterial vaginosis
Overgrowth of bacteria found in vaginal -fishy smell
53
Monilial vagninitis
-Caused by candida albicans -Curdy discahrge
54
Trichomonas vaginalis
-Caused by protozoan parasite that is sexually transmitted -Malodorus frothy, yellow-green discharge
55
Atrophic vaginalis
Associated with aging, decreased estrogen, and diminished vaginal lubricatoin -Discharge: Thin, yellowish discharge -Leukoplakia, petechiae, and superficial erosions may be present
56
Non-specific vaginitis
Thin grayish discharge
57
Chlamydia Trachomatis
MC reported disease in US -Can be asymptomatic
58
Condyloma acuminatum
Soft, warty papillomatous projection
59
Condyloma latum
Slightly raised, moist, flatted papules
60
Cervicitis
Inflammation of the cervix
61
Uterine prolapse
Uterus descends toward or into the vagina
62
Uterine fibroids
Common benign masses of the uterus -Can be asymptomatic
63
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Inflammation & infection of the cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries
64
Endometriosis
Endometrial tissue grows outside uterus

PDX (13 decks)

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