Female Reproductive System

Question 1

Reproductive structures in either sex, male or female, typically include the following basic structures:

Answer 1

Gonads (testis, ovaries), accessory glands and organs, external genitalia.

Question 2

Each _____ produces oocytes and hormones

Answer 2

ovary

Question 3

Each _______ produces milk

Answer 3

mammary gland

Question 4

Each _________ delivers an oocyte or embryo to the uterus; they are the normal sites of fertilization

Answer 4

uterine tube

Question 5

The _________ is the site of fetal development

Answer 5

uterus

Question 6

The ______ is the sire of sperm deposition, the birth canal during delivery and is a passageway for fluids during menstruation

Answer 6

vagina

Question 7

___________ lubricate the entrance to the vagina and the external genitalia

Answer 7

accessory glands

Question 8

The _____ contains erectile tissue and produces pleasurable sensations during sexual activity

Answer 8

clitoris

Question 9

The _____ contain glands that lubricate the entrance to the vagina

Answer 9

labia

Question 10

_______ extends between the uterine tube and the ovary stabilizing the position of the ovary.

Answer 10

mesovarium

Question 11

________ extends from the uterus to the medial surface of the ovary

Answer 11

ovarian ligament

Question 12

_______ extends from the lateral surface of the ovary to the pelvic wall. The major blood vessels of the ovary are carried in this ligament.

Answer 12

suspensory ligament

Question 13

________ is a mesentery that encloses the ovaries, uterine tubes and uterus attaching to the sides and floor of the pelvic cavity

Answer 13

broad ligament

Question 14

At birth, the ovaries have about _______ primordial follicles. By puberty, only about _______ remain

Answer 14

2 million

400,000

Question 15

During ______ cycles beginning at puberty, the cycle begins with a group of primordial follicles becoming activated.

Answer 15

ovarian

Question 16

During ovarian cycles beginning at puberty, the cycle begins with a group of primordial follicles becoming activated. The follicle gradually changes to the point where a single secondary follicle becomes a ____________ from which an oocyte is ovulated.

Answer 16

vesicular (Graafian) follicle

Question 17

The empty Graafian follicle collapses and forms the ________, which secretes hormones that prepare the uterus for pregnancy

Answer 17

corpus luteum

Question 18

If fertilization does not occur, the _________ disintegrates and this marks the end of the ovarian cycle. A new ovarian cycle begins with the activation of another group of primordial follicles.

Answer 18

corpus luteum

Question 19

______- outer serosa surface of the uterus; continuous with the peritoneal lining of the pelvic cavity

Answer 19

Perimetrium

Question 20

What is myometrium

Answer 20

smooth muscle

Question 21

What is endometrium

Answer 21

inner glandular lining; tissue composition changes during the course of the monthly uterine cycle

Question 22

The uterine cycle begins with the onset of ______, in which the functional zone of the endometrium degenerates and is shed

Answer 22

menses

Question 23

In the ___________, reorganization of the uterine glands occurs. By the time ovulation occurs, the functional zone is thick and glands are producing a glycogen-rich mucus that can be metabolized by an embryo in early stages

Answer 23

proliferative phase

Question 24

In the ___________, glands enlarge and arteries supplying the uterine wall elongate and spiral. This phase lasts as long as the corpus luteum is intact; when it stops producing hormones, the next uterine cycle begins with the onset of menses

Answer 24

secretory phase

Question 25

What days are menstruation days

Answer 25

1-6

Question 26

What days are the pre-ovulation phase

Answer 26

7-12

Question 27

What days are fertile days, ovulation

Answer 27

12-15

Question 28

What days are the pre-menstrual phase

Answer 28

16-28

Question 29

Hypothalamus releases ____________ to the anterior lobe of pituitary gland

Answer 29

gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Question 30

Anterior pituitary releases _______________ and _____________

Answer 30

``` follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Luteinizing hormone (LH) ```

Question 31

What effects does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) have on ovaries

Answer 31

- follicle development | - production of estrogen

Question 32

Luteinizing hormone (LH) has the following effects on the ovary:

Answer 32

- Ovulation | - Production of progesterone

Question 33

The ovaries release_______ and _________

Answer 33

- Estrogens | - Progesterone

Question 34

The ________ is an elastic, muscular tube extending between the cervix and the vestibule.

Answer 34

vagina

Question 35

The vagina's 3 functions are

Answer 35

* Serves as a passageway for elimination of menstrual fluids * Receives the male penis during sexual intercourse and holds sperm prior to passage into the uterus * Forms the inferior portion of the birth canal through which the fetus passes during delivery

Question 36

_____ contains erectile tissue; produces pleasurable sensations during sexual activity

Answer 36

clitoris

Question 37

What 3 muscles make up the musculature of the urogenital triangle

Answer 37

1) Ischiocavernosus 2) Bulbospongiosus 3) Superficial transverse perineal

Question 38

What is the vestibular bulb

Answer 38

erectile tissue similar to corpus spongiosum in the male

Question 39

What is the vestibular gland

Answer 39

sercretes mucus similar to the bulbourethral glands in the male

Question 40

Maternal _________ provide nourishment to infants over the initial period of adjustment to life outside the womb

Answer 40

mammary glands

Question 41

__________ or milk production, is under the control of circulating hormones produced by the reproductive system

Answer 41

Lactation