Final Exam 5,6,7 Flashcards
(31 cards)
parts of amino acid
-amino group
-acid (carboxyl group)
-R group (varies)
RNA pathway
DNA→mRNA→rRNA→tRNA
transcription &
translation
-writing the mRNA
-making amino acid sequence
what is unique about protein from other macros?
it has Nitrogen
where are proteins digested
-stomach where its denatured
-small intestine where its clipped and absorbed into blood
function of proteins
-growth & maintenance
-fluid balance
-building hormones, enzymes, and compounds
-energy
-protein balance
nitrogen/protein balance
positive: + body tissue
negative: - body tissue
qualities of protein sources (# of essential aa)
high: meats & animal products
moderate: legumes
low: grains & greens
foods limited in lysine
-grains
-nuts and seeds
grains, nuts & seeds, limited aa
lysine
legumes, vegetables, limited aa
methionine
foods limited in methionine
-legumes
-vegetables
protein RDA
.8g/kg per day
types of protein malnutrition
-kwashiorkor (edema)
-marasmus (matchstick arms, red hair)
nutrigenomics
effects of nutrients on gene expression
nutrigenetics
effects of genetic variation on response to nutrients (celiac)
components of energy expenditure
-BMR 60-75%
-physical activity 15-35%
-TEF 5-10%
factors that increase BMR
-tall
-high lean body mass
-sick
-pregnancy
-caffeine
-stress
factors that decrease BMR
-short
-body fat
-aging
-starvation
calculating BMI: kg & m
kg / m^2
calculation BMI: lbs & in
lbs x 703 / in^2
underweight BMI
<18.5
normal weight BMI
18.5-24.9
overweight BMI
25-29.9
