Final Exam pt. 2 Flashcards
(46 cards)
What was the Milgram experiment ?
The experiment in which participants would shock (not really) another person, and it was to see how far people would listen to authority.
What is Jim Jones famous for?
In the 1970’s Jim Jones persuaded 900 people to commit suicide in Guyana, Africa.
“Revolutionary suicide” by drinkingcyanide-laced grape flavoredFlavor Aid.
Nearly 300 children murdered via cyanide poisoning
What type of authority does a bureaucracy have?
legal-rational authority
__________ is a legal-rational organization or mode of administration that governs with reference to rules and roles and emphasizes meritocracy.
Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy is a legal-rational organization or mode of administration that governs with reference to rules and roles and emphasizes __________.
meritocracy
___________ is based on the idea that people are treated fairly and equally and that everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed or fail, based on the amount of effort they exert.
Bureaucracy
What are the two types of domination according to Max Weber?
- Domination by economic power
2. Domination by authority
Weber defined the ______ as, the ultimate example of domination by authority.
state
What is an (economic) monopoly?
Exclusivecontrolofacommodityorserviceina particularmarket,oracontrolthatmakes possiblethemanipulationofprices.
What are examples of monopoly?
- Local telephone service
- Water service
- Cable television
- The U.S. Postal Service
- Prescription drugs
The _______ _____ is a system in which the state is responsible for the welfare of its citizens.
welfare state
Many organizations like Newsweek rank “the best countries to live in” based on factors like access to _________, __________, and other ______ resources.
education
healthcare
social
Resources may be considered welfare if they are provided by the ______ or __________.
state
government
What are the three theories about the development of the Welfare State?
(1) Logic of industrialism
(2) Neo-Marxist
(3) State-centered approach
Which theory of welfare is this: nations develop social welfare benefits to satisfy the social needs created by industrialization?
Logic of industrialism
Which theory of welfare is this: starts with the question of how democracy and capitalism can coexist -this theory is concerned with explaining the contradictions between formal legal equality and social class inequality - in this manner, the welfare state is seen as the mediator of class conflict?
Neo-Marxist
Which theory of welfare is this: emphasize the role of state bureaucrats in formulating welfare state policies?
State-centered approach
Most European states developed through fights over _________ _________.
territorial boundaries
Many countries in the world have been somewhat arbitrarily “produced” through ____________ or groups like the _______ _______.
colonization
United Nations
Implication: borders and geographic regions are ________ _________ through political, economic, and social means.
socially constructed
Implication: _______ and __________ regions are socially constructed through political, economic, and social means
borders
geographic
Implication: borders and geographic regions are socially constructed through ________, _________, and _______ means
political
economic
social
__________– a society that assigns social status, power and economic rewards on achievement, not ascribed personal attributes or favoritism
Meritocracy
What is the difference between rationalization and specialization?
Rationalization- the ever-expanding process of ordering and organizing.
Specialization- the process of breaking up work into specific defined tasks
