Fluids Flashcards

(75 cards)

1
Q

24 G needle is _______

A

yellow

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2
Q

22 G needle is _____

A

blue

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3
Q

20 G needle is _____

A

pink

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4
Q

18 G needle is ______

A

green

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5
Q

___G needles are pediatric sizes and used for irritating meds

A

24

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6
Q

____ G needles are used for majority of infusions, except blood transfusions

A

22

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7
Q

blood transfusions are done with a ___ G needle

A

20

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8
Q

____ G needles are used for CT scans and pre-op patients

A

20

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9
Q

____ G needles are used for trauma patients, surgery patients, and L&D

A

18

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10
Q

when an IV infiltrates and the IV medication irritates and causes necrosis of the skin

A

extracasation

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11
Q

inflammation of the vein

A

phelebitis

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12
Q

change IV lipid tubing every ___ hours

A

24

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13
Q

change blood IV tubing every ___ hours

A

4

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14
Q

change propofol tubing every __ to ___ hours

A

6-12 hours

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15
Q

change IVF tubing every ____ hours

A

72

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16
Q

5 patients their veins cannot be used

A

mastectomy
axillary lymph node dissection
lymphedema
paralysis of upper extremity
dialysis graft or fistula

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17
Q

kidneys regulate _____ and ____ balance

A

ECF and pH

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18
Q

the pituitary ____ which maintains osmotic pressure by releasing or retaining water

A

ADH

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19
Q

adrenal glands produce ______ which effect sodium and water retention

A

aldosterone

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20
Q

parathyroid regulates ______ and _____

A

calcium and phosphorus

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21
Q

_________ control fluid change by sensing changed in sodium

A

osmoreceptors

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22
Q

ADH is stimulated by increasing ______ or decreased ______ _____

A

electrolytes, blood pressure

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23
Q

ADH causes _____ of blood vessels and ______ conservation

A

constriction, water

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24
Q

ADH increases ______ reabsorption in the kidneys and decreases sweat

A

water

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25
renin is created by the kidneys in response to ______ ______ _______
decreased blood flow
26
renin converts ________ to ________
angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
27
angiotensin II causes blood vessels to ______
constrict
28
aldosterone increases ______ and _____ reabsoprtion and increases ______ secretion
sodium and water, potassium
29
2 hormones made in the heart ventricles in response to increase stretching
BNP and ANP
30
BNP and ANP increases ______ and _____ excretion in the urine to decrease blood volume and pressure
sodium and water
31
kidney excrete __ ml per kg per hr
1
32
GI tract excretes ___ to ___ ml a day
100-200
33
electrolytes in the ECF
sodium, chloride, calcium
34
ECF is ____ liters
15
35
intravascular fluid is _____ and _____
blood and plasma
36
intravascular fluid makes up ___ liters
5
37
interstitial fluid is ___ to ___ liters
11-12
38
intracellular fluid is ___% of total body fluid
60
39
electrolytes in ICF
magnesium, potassium, phosphorus
40
ICF makes up ____ liters
25
41
total body fluid is ____ liters
40
42
the movement of fluid across a membrane from low to high concentration
osmosis
43
when fluid moves across a membrane due to hydrostatic pressure and the force in gravity aids in the movement of the fluid
filtration
44
number of solutes dissolved in a fluid
concentration
45
the number of particles in a solution by volume
osmolarity
46
the number of particles in a solution by mass
osmolality
47
______ will tell you more about the movement of water in and out the cell
osmolality
48
_______ is used more in the clinical setting
osmolality
49
osmolality creates osmotic ______ and affects the movement of water across body compartments
pressure
50
movements of solids from higher to lower concentration
diffusion
51
movement of molecules against a concentration gradient with use of energy
active transport
52
________ solution has a higher concentration than body fluid
hypertonic
53
______ solution has a lower concentration than body fluid
hypotonic
54
hypotonic solutions have ____ or low ____
sugar or low salt
55
_____ solution push water into the cells and causes them to swell
hypotonic
56
4 uses for hypotonic solutions
severe dehydration hypernatremia DKA dehydration r/t metabolic acidosis
57
do not use hypotonic solution in patients with _____ _____
intracranial pressure
58
4 types of hypotonic solutions
D5W 0.45% NS 0.33% NS 0.25% NS
59
hypertonic fluids have both _____ and high ____
sugar and salt
60
_______ fluids draws fluid out of cells and causes them to shrink
hypertonic
61
only use hypertonic fluids if you have _____ ____ access
central line
62
only use hypertonic fluid in an ICU fluid for ______ _____ or _____ ____
pulmonary edema or fluid overload
63
hypertonic solution examples
D5NS D5LR
64
isotonic fluids have _____ or normal _____
sugar or normal salt
65
isotonic fluids increase ______ and hypotonic fluids increase _____
ECF, ICF
66
3 uses for isotonic solutions
blood loss fluid loss dehydration
67
end product of metabolism of protein by the liver
BUN
68
BUN can be affected by _____
dehydration
69
normal BUN levels
10-20 mg/dL
70
end product of muscle metabolism
creatine
71
creatine _____ as renal function decreases
increases
72
normal creatine levels
0.7-1.4
73
volume percentage of red blood cells in the blood
hematocrit
74
normal hematocrit for men
42-52%
75
normal hematocrit for women
35-47%