Food Animal Exam Lecture 1: Clinical anatomy of head and neck

Question 1

What is the beef quality assurance program

Answer 1

National program that raises consumer confidence through offering proper management techniques and a commitment to quality within every segment of the beef industry

Question 2

All injections need to be given in front of __

Answer 2

Shoulder

Question 3

Never injection more than __cc into one site

Answer 3

10cc

Question 4

What are the 3 landmarks for proper injection sites

Answer 4

1. Scapula
2. Jugular groove
3. Spinal column

Question 5

What is the cornual block used for

Answer 5

Dehorning

Question 6

In cattle <1yr , where do you inject for a cornual block

Answer 6

Halfway between lateral canthus of eye and horn base, just underneath the frontal ridge

Question 7

What is typically injected in cornual block and what is the technique

Answer 7

5-10mL lidocaine, fanned along the underside of the frontal ridge

Question 8

In cattle >1yr what must you do for the cornual block

Answer 8

Need two injections
1. All cattle get injection between lateral canthus and horn base
2. Cattle >1yr get an additional ring block on caudal side of horn

Question 9

How long does it take cornual block to take effect

Answer 9

3-5 minutes

Question 10

What are the injections needed for a cornual block on a goat

Answer 10

1. Injection between lateral canthus and base of horn (same as cattle)
2. Additional block to get infratrochlear nerve- inject between medial canthus and medial horn base

Question 11

What additional nerve needs to be blocked when performing a cornual block on goats of all ages

Answer 11

Infratrochlear nerve

Question 12

Must be careful with toxicity from cornual block in goats, what is the safe dosage and what should the solution be diluted to

Answer 12

Dose: 5mg/kg
Dilute to 1% lidocaine

Question 13

What is the purpose of the auriculopalpebral block

Answer 13

Block motor to eyelids and orbicularis oculi muscle to allow for easier exam of exam or proptosis of globe

Question 14

T or F: auriculopalpebral is both a sensory and motor nerve block

Answer 14

False, just motor NOT SENSORY

Question 15

Where is the auriculopalpebral block injected

Answer 15

Half way between lateral canthus and base of ear on the zyogmatic arch

Question 16

What does the supraorbital nerve block, block

Answer 16

Sensory and motor to upper eyelid, does not get orbicularis oculi muscle

Question 17

T or F: supraorbital nerve block is used to block orbicularis oculi

Answer 17

False

Question 18

What is the supraorbital used for

Answer 18

Tarsorrhagy, lavage system, eyelid lac

Question 19

How do you perform the 4 point block

Answer 19

1. Protect globe with finger
2. Inject through conjunctiva
3. Deposit lidocaine behind globe within muscular cone

Question 20

What block must you do before the 4 point block

Answer 20

Auriculopalpebral

Question 21

What are 4 point blocks typically used for

Answer 21

Enucleations

Question 22

What nerve block gets everything in the eye area

Answer 22

Peterson eye block

Question 23

Describe how to perform the Peterson eye block

Answer 23

1. Using a 18 gauge, 6 in needle place between notch of mandible and maxilla
2. Advance to bone 3-4 inch and back out 1/4 inch
3. Aspirate and check for CSF
4. Redirect caudodorsal
5. Advance to bone

Question 24

What cranial nerves does the Peterson block get

Answer 24

CN III, IV, V, VI as they exit the foremen orbitondorum

Question 25

what nerve block allows you to protrude the eye out of socket

Answer 25

Peterson block

Question 26

what are the common sites for occular squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 26

1. Lateral limbus 2. Eyelids 3. Medial canthus 4. Third eyelid

Question 27

Where does the lesion start in pink eye lesions

Answer 27

Center of the cornea

Question 28

What usually causes pink eye lesions

Answer 28

M. Bovis

Question 29

What is tarsorrhaphy

Answer 29

Temporary closure of the eyelid. Pull 3rd eyelid/nictating membrane over eye

Question 30

The caudal auricular vein is commonly used for what

Answer 30

IV fluid therapy

Question 31

The caudal auricular artery is commonly used for ___

Answer 31

Arterial blood gas analysis

Question 32

In cattle, the base of the ear is the injection site for what medication

Answer 32

Excede

Question 33

What is the torus linguae

Answer 33

Normal structure on the tongue that pushes the food bolus onto the hard palate and squeezes the liquids into the esophagus

Question 34

What is the diastema

Answer 34

Gap between premolars and canines where you can safely put hand to examine mouth

Question 35

The esophagus and jugular vein both sit in the ___

Answer 35

Jugular groove

Question 36

What side is the esophagus usually on

Answer 36

Left

Question 37

The esophagus lies ___ to the jugular vein

Answer 37

Medio-dorsal

Question 38

What block is this

Answer 38

cornual block used for dehorning

Question 39

What block is this and when is it needed

Answer 39

Additional ring block for cornual block when dehorning cattle >1yr old

Question 40

What nerve blocks are these and when are they used

Answer 40

cornual blocks on goats 1. One block the same as cattle between lateral canthus and horn base 2. Additional block to get infratrochlear nerve between medial canthus and medial horn base

Question 41

What block is this

Answer 41

auriculopalpebral

Question 42

What block is this

Answer 42

supraorbital

Question 43

What block is this

Answer 43

4 point block

Question 44

What block is this

Answer 44

retrobulbar block

Question 45

What block is this

Answer 45

Peterson

Question 46

What block is this

Answer 46

Peterson

Question 47

What is wrong here

Answer 47

pink eye lesion

Question 48

What structure is the black arrow pointing to and is it normal or abnormal

Answer 48

torus linguae- normal structure in the mouth