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Clinical Anatomy > Food Animal Lecture 3: Musculoskeletal and Thorax > Flashcards

Food Animal Lecture 3: Musculoskeletal and Thorax Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

What is the area of auscultation, defined by the caudal and cranial border

A

Caudal border: from dorsal to ventral Rib 11, 9, 7, and 5

Cranial border: scapula and humerus

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2
Q

Where is the pulmonic valve auscultated

A

Left sided, 3rd intercostal space between shoulder and elbow

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3
Q

Where is the aortic valve auscultated

A

Left side, 4th intercostal space level with shoulder

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4
Q

Where is the left AV (mitral) valve auscultated

A

Left side, 5th intercostal space between shoulder and elbow

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5
Q

Where is the right AV (tricuspid) valve auscultated

A

Right side, 3rd intercostal space between shoulder and elbow

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6
Q

What is abaxial

A

Outside

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7
Q

What is axial

A

Inside

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8
Q

what is the red arrow pointing to

A

Heel bulbs

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9
Q

What is indicated by the red arrow

A

Abaxial groove

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10
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. White line
  2. Sole
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11
Q

What does the white line separate

A

Lateral hoof wall and sole

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12
Q

Label 1-6

A
  1. Hoof wall
  2. Corium
  3. DIP/coffin joint
  4. Navicular bone
  5. P3/coffin bone
  6. Digital cushion
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13
Q

Label 1-4

A
  1. Periploic corium
  2. Parietal Corium
  3. Lamellar corium
  4. Solar corium
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14
Q

What corium produces the soft epidermis of the coronary band and expands palmarly to produce bulb of heel

A

Perioplic

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15
Q

What corium produces the hoof wall

A

Parietal corium

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16
Q

What corium anchors claw to coffin bone and produces keratin when injured

A

Lamellar corium

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17
Q

What corium produces keratinized sole

A

Solar corium

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18
Q

What is indicated by the orange circle

A

Coronary cushion

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19
Q

What is the blood pump for the foot

A

Coronary cushion

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20
Q

What is indicated by the blue outline

A

Digital cushion

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21
Q

What is the purpose of the digital cushion

A

Shock absorption

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22
Q

How much does the dorsal hoof wall grow/month

A

0.5cm/month

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23
Q

How long is the dorsal hoof wall normally

A

7.5cm

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24
Q

How much does the hoof bulb grow/month

A

1.0cm

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25
Hoof growth is more rapid on what type of diet
Grain
26
How thick is the sole
6-10mm
27
How long does it take for corium to grow hoof to the ground
6-8 weeks
28
What is the weight bearing surface of the hoof
Wall and adjacent 2-3mm sole
29
What part of the sole is self-cleaning and not designed for weight
Concave sole
30
In the front hooves which digit is the weight shifted on
Medial>>lateral
31
In the rear hooves which digit is the weight shifted on
Lateral>>medial
32
90% of lameness occurs where
In the foot
33
What bones make up the metacarpus/tarsus
Fused 3rd and 4th bones
34
What are the fused 3rd and 4th metacarpal/tarsal bones also known as
Cannon bone
35
What is a sequestrum
Bone infection as a result of a laceration
36
What is the arrow pointing at
sequestrum
37
What are the vestigial bones in the carpus
MC II
38
What are the vestigial bones in the tarsus
MT V
39
What is the veterinary term for long pastern
P1
40
What is the veterinary term for short pastern
P2
41
What is the veterinary term for the coffin bone
P3
42
Label 1-5
1. Proximal sesamoid bone 2. P1 3. P2 4. P3 5. Navicular bone/distal seasamoid
43
What phalanges serve as the vestigial declaws
2nd and 5th
44
What is circled
declaws, 2nd and 5th phalanges
45
What is indicated in blue and green
Both are annular ligaments Blue: proximal/palmar Green: distal/digital
46
What is indicated in orange and red
Both are interdigital (cruciate) ligaments Orange: proximal Red: distal
47
What are these
Digital extensor tendons
48
What are these
Digital flexor tendons SDFT and DDFT
49
Where do ruminants most commonly get tenosynovitis
Digital flexor tendons
50
Label 1-4
1. Metacarpophalangeal joint/fetlock 2. Proximal interphalangeal joint/pastern 3. Distal interphalangeal joint/coffin 4. Navicular bursa
51
What is indicated in blue
Digital flexor sheath
52
If a ruminant gets an infection in their DDF tendon sheath does it usually cause unilateral or bilateral tenosynovitis
Unilateral, the sheaths don’t communicate
53
Where does the DDF tendon sheath end
Proximal to navicular bone
54
What are the primary arteries of the cow foot
1. Common digital artery 2. Terminal arc
55
What is indicated by the red arrows
terminal arc
56
What are the primary veins that make up the ruminant foot
1. Common digital vein 2. Abaxial palmar/plantar digital veins
57
What veins are indicated by 1-2
1. Common digital vein 2. Abaxial palmar/plantar digital veins
58
What vein is utilized for the Baer block
Common digital vein
59
What does the Baer block desensitize
Fetlock and below
60
What block is being done here
Baer block
61
When doing a digit amputation what ligament do you want to make sure you preserve
Proximal interphalangeal cruciate ligament
62
What causes a sole ulcer to occur
Solar corium becomes pinched by P3 causing hemorrhage, necrosis, weakness in sole, infection
63
What foot is the block placed on when treating sole ulcers
Unaffected claw to elevate the affected claw off ground
64
What can cause white line disease
Debris entering hoof in area of white line which separates the lateral hoof wall and the sole
65
What is wrong
white line disease
66
What joint is a common entry site for sepsis
Coffin joint/DIP
67
Where in the coffin joint is the #1 site of sepsis for beef cattle
Interdigital space near axial groove
68
What are some examples of things that can cause the coffin joint to become septic
Foot rot, white line separation, puncture, vertical crack of hoof wall, sole ulcer
69
What is the most common physical sign of coffin joint septic arthritis
Swelling of the coronary band

Clinical Anatomy (16 decks)

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