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Anatomy > Foot > Flashcards

Foot Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

Hindfoot

A

Talus

Calcaneus

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2
Q

Midfoot

A

Navicular
Cuboid
Cuneiforms

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3
Q

Forefoot

A

Metatarsals

Phalanges

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4
Q

What transmits the majority of body weight to the ground?

A

Calcaneus

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5
Q

What motion does the synovial hinge joint do?

A

dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

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6
Q

Where does inversion and eversion take place?

A

tarsal joints

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7
Q

When is the ankle joint stable?

A

when foot is dorsiflexed

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8
Q

What are the parts of the medial ligament?

A

Tibionavicular
Tibiocalcaneal
Anterior tibiotalar
Posterior tibiotalar

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9
Q

What is the function of the medial ligament?

A

Prevents overeversion of foot and helps maintain medial longitudinal arch

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10
Q

What are the divisions of the lateral ligament?

A

Anterior talofibular
Posterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular

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11
Q

What is the function of the lateral ligament?

A

resists inversion of the foot

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12
Q

What is the ligament most commonly torn in an ankle sprain?

A

lateral ligament, especially anterior talofibular

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13
Q

What does the subtalar joint allow?

A

inversion and eversion of foot

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14
Q

Where does the subtalar joint articulate?

A

inferior surface of body of talus with superior surface of calcaneus

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15
Q

What does the talocaneonavicular joint allow?

A

inversion and eversion

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16
Q

What does the calcaneoucuboid joint allow?

A

inversion and eversion

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17
Q

Where does the calcaneoucuboid articulate?

A

between anterior end of calcaneus and posterior surface of cuboid

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18
Q

What are the intertarsal joints?

A

subtalar (talcalcaneal joint)
talcalcaneovicular joint
calcaneocuboid
transverse talar joint

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19
Q

Cuneonavicular joints

A

planar, synovial joint

little movement occurs

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20
Q

Tarsometatarsal joints

A

planar, synovial

limited gliding or sliding movements

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21
Q

Metatarsophalangeal joints

A

condyloid synovial joits

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22
Q

What movements does the metatarsophalangeal joints allow?

A

extension and flexion, some abduction, adduction and circumduction

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23
Q

What do the interphalangeal joints allow?

A

flexion and extension

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24
Q

What is the function of the Long Plantar Calcaneoucuboid ligament?

A

maintains lateral longitudinal arch of foot

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25
What does the Long Plantar Calcaneoucuboid ligament form?
canal for fibularis longus muscle
26
Where does the Long Plantar Calcaneoucuboid ligament extend?
from plantar aspect of calcaneus to cuboid and bases of matatarsals
27
What is the function of the short plantar calcaneoucuboid ligament?
supports lateral longitudinal arch
28
What is the function of the plantar calaneonavicular ligament?
supports head of talus and medial longitudinal arch
29
What ligament contains elastic fibers which give elasticity to arch and spring to foot?
plantar calaneonavicular ligament
30
What strengthens the medial longitudinal arch?
tibialis anterior and fibularis longus tendon
31
What is the function of the medial longitudinal arch?
primarily weight bearing
32
What is the function of the lateral longitudinal arch?
provides balance
33
What does the lateral longitudinal arch do during standing?
flatter and rests on ground during standing
34
What is the function of the transverse arch?
fibularis longus and tibialis posterior help maintain curvature of arch
35
Where does the plantar aponeurosis extend?
from calcaneous to fibrous digital sheaths
36
Layer I:
Abductor hallucis, Abductor digiti minimi, Flexor digitorum brevis
37
Layer II
Quadratus plantae, lumbricales (FDL and FHL tendons)
38
Layer III
Flexor hallucis brevis, Flexor digiti minimi, adductor halllucis
39
Layer IV
Plantar interossei, Dorsal interossei (tendons of PL and TP are also found)
40
Extensor Digitorum Brevis proximal attachment
calcaneus
41
Extensor Digitorum Brevis distal attachment
Extensor tendons of digits 2-4
42
Extensor Digitorum Brevis innerevation
Deep fibular nerve
43
Extensor Digitorum Brevis action
Extends digits 2-4
44
Extensor Hallucis brevis proximal attachment
calcaneus
45
Extensor Hallucis brevis | distal attachment
Dorsal aspect of base of digit 1
46
Extensor Hallucis brevis innervation
Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
47
Extensor Hallucis brevis action
extends first digit
48
Abductor Hallucis proximal attachment
Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneu
49
Abductor Hallucis distal attachment
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of digit 1
50
Abductor Hallucis innervation
Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
51
Abductor Hallucis action
Abducts and flexes digit 1
52
Flexor Digitorum Brevis proximal attachment
Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus
53
Flexor Digitorum Brevis distal attachment
Both sides of middle phalanges of digits 2-5
54
Flexor Digitorum Brevis innervation
Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
55
Flexor Digitorum Brevis action
Flexes digits 2-5
56
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus
57
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
58
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
59
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Abducts and flexes digit 5
60
Quadratus Plantae proximal attachment
Medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneous
61
Quadratus Plantae distal attachment
Posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
62
Quadratus Plantae innervation
Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
63
Quadratus Plantae action
Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing digits 2-5
64
Lumbricals proximal attachment
Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
65
Lumbricals distal attachment
Medial aspect of expansion of digits 2-5
66
Lumbricals innervation
Medial one: medial plantar nerve (S2, S3) | Lateral three: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
67
Lumbricals action
Flex proximal phalanges, extend middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
68
Flexor Hallucis Brevis proximal attachment
Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms
69
Flexor Hallucis Brevis distal attachment
Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of digit 1
70
Flexor Hallucis Brevis innervation
Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
71
Flexor Hallucis Brevis action
Flexes proximal phalanx of digit 1
72
Adductor Hallucis proximal attachment
Oblique Head- bases of metatarsals 2-4 | Transverse Head- plantar ligaments of MP joints
73
Adductor Hallucis distal attachment
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of digit 1
74
Adductor Hallucis innervation
Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
75
Adductor Hallucis action
Adduct digit 1, assists in transverse arch of foot
76
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis proximal attachment
Base of 5th metatarsal
77
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis distal attachment
Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
78
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis innervation
Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
79
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis action
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
80
Plantar Interossei proximal attachment
Bases and medial sides of metatarsals 3-5
81
Plantar Interossei distal attachment
Medial sides of bases of phalanges 3-5
82
Plantar Interossei innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
83
Plantar Interossei action
Adducts digits 2-4
84
Dorsal Interossei proximal attachment
Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5
85
Dorsal Interossei distal attachment
1st- medial side of proximal phalanx of digit 2 | 2nd-4th- lateral sides of digits 2-4
86
Dorsal Interossei innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
87
Dorsal Interossei action
Abducts digits 2-4
88
What actions occur with supination?
inversion and adduction
89
What actions occur with pronation?
eversion and abduction

Anatomy (16 decks)

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