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Anatomy > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

A

L3/L4

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2
Q

What is the path of the sciatic nerve?

A

-comes underneath piriformis and has two branches: tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve

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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A
  • inguinal ligament
  • sartorius muscle
  • adductor longu muscle
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4
Q

What is the adductor canal?

A

tunnel in middle third of thigh from apex of femoral triangle to opening in adductor magnus

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5
Q

What is in the femoral triangle?

A 
femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
lymphatics
NAVL
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6
Q

Femoral nerve:

A

L2-L4
anterior cutaneous nerve branches
motor nerves to muscles of anterior compartment
saphenous nerve

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7
Q

Saphenous nerve is

A

medial cutaneous nerve

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8
Q

Nerves of thigh

A
  • obturator (L2-L4)
  • sciatic (L4-S3)
  • femoral (L2-L4)
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9
Q

Obturator nerve (L2-L4) posterior branch

A
  • obturator branch
  • adductor brevis
  • adductor portion of adductor magnus
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10
Q

Obturator nerve (L2-L4) anterior branch

A
  • adductor longus
  • gracilus
  • adductor brevis
  • cutaneous branches to skin on medial thigh
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11
Q

Sciatic nerve branches

A

tibial nerve

common fibular nerve

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12
Q

Tibial nerve

A

biceps femoris (long head)

  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
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13
Q

Common fibular nerve

A

-biceps femoris (short head)

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14
Q

Pectineus orgin

A

pecten pubis and pectineal surface of pubis

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15
Q

Pectineus insertion

A

pectineal line of femur

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16
Q

Pectineus action

A

adducts the thigh and flexes the hip joint

if top muscle is tight=lateral tilt

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17
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

femoral but may receive innervation from obturator nerve

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18
Q

Adductor Brevis origin

A

Anterior surface of inferior pubic ramus, inferior to origin of adductor longus

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19
Q

Adductor Brevis insertion

A

Pectineal line and superior part of medial lip of linea aspera

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20
Q

Adductor brevis action

A

Adducts and flexes the thigh, and helps to laterally rotate the thigh

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21
Q

Adductor brevis innervation

A

Anterior or posterior division of obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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22
Q

Adductor Longus origin

A

Anterior surface of body of pubis, just lateral to pubic symphysis

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23
Q

Adductor Longus Insertion

A

Middle third of linea aspera, between the more medial adductor magnus and brevis insertions and the more lateral origin of the vastus medialis

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24
Q

Adductor longus action

A

Adducts and flexes the thigh, and helps to laterally rotate the hip joint

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25
Adductor longus innervation
anterior division of obturator nerve (L2,L3,L4)
26
Adductor magnus origin
Inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus, and inferolateral area of ischial tuberosity
27
Adductor magnus insertion
Gluteal tuberosity of femur, medial lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge, and adductor tubercle
28
Adductor magnus action
Powerful thigh adductor; superior horizontal fibers also help flex the thigh, while vertical fibers help extend the thigh
29
Adductor magnus innervation
Posterior division of obturator nerve innervates most of the adductor magnus; vertical or hamstring portion innervated by tibial nerve (L2, L3, L4
30
What leaves through the adductor hiatus?
femoral nerve and femoral artery
31
When the femoral vessels enter ______, they are called ______.
popliteal fossa, poplital vessels
32
Gracilis origin
Inferior margin of pubic symphysis, inferior ramus of pubis, and adjacent ramus of ischium
33
Gracilis insertion
Medial surface of tibial shaft, just posterior to sartorius
34
Gracilis action
Flexes the knee, adducts the thigh, and helps to medially rotate the tibia on the femur
35
Gracilis innervation
anterior division of obturator nerve
36
Sartorius origin
anterior superior iliac spine
37
Sartorius insertion
superior aspect of the medial surface of the tibial shaft near the tibial tuberosity
38
Sartorius action
flexes and laterally rotates the hip joint and flexes the knee
39
Sartorius innervation
femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
40
Tensor Fascia Lata origin
anterior superior iliac spine, outer lip of anterior iliac crest and fascia lata
41
Tensor Fascia Lata insertion
iliotibial band
42
Tensor Fascia Lata innervation
superior gluteal nerve
43
What muscles are innervated by superior gluteal nerve?
gluteus med, and glut min, tensor fascia lata
44
Rectus Femoris origin
Straight head from anterior inferior iliac spine; reflected head from groove just above acetabulum
45
Rectus Femoris insertion
Base of patella to form the more central portion of the quadriceps femoris tendon
46
Rectus Femoris action
extends the knee
47
Rectus Femoris innervation
muscular branches of femoral nerve
48
Vastus Intermedius origin
Superior 2/3 of anterior and lateral surfaces of femur; also from lateral intermuscular septum of thigh
49
Vastus Intermedius insertion
Lateral border of patella; also forms the deep portion of the quadriceps tendon
50
Vastus Intermedius action
extends the knee
51
Vastus Intermedius innervation
muscular branches of femoral nerve
52
Vastus medialis origin
Inferior portion of intertrochanteric line, spiral line, medial lip of linea aspera, superior part of medial supracondylar ridge of femur, and medial intermuscular septum
53
Vastus medialis insertion
Medial base and border of patella; also forms the medial patellar retinaculum and medial side of quadriceps femoris tendon
54
Vastus medialis action
extends the knee
55
Vastus medialis innervation
muscular branches of femoral nerve
56
Vastus Lateralis origin
Superior portion of intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of greater trochanter, superior portion of lateral lip of linea aspera, and lateral portion of gluteal tuberosity of femur
57
Vastus Lateralis insertion
Lateral base and border of patella; also forms the lateral patellar retinaculum and lateral side of quadriceps femoris tendon
58
Vastus Lateralis action
extends the knee
59
Vastus Lateralis innervation
muscular branches of femoral nerve
60
Hamstring origin
Common tendon with semitendinosus from superior medial quadrant of the posterior portion of the ischial tuberosity
61
Hamstring insertion
Primarily on fibular head; also on lateral collateral ligament and lateral tibial condyle
62
Hamstring action
Flexes the knee, and also rotates the tibia laterally; long head also extends the hip joint
63
Hamstring innervation
tibial nerve (L5,S1,S2)
64
Biceps Femoris origin
Lateral lip of linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge of femur, and lateral intermuscular septum of thigh
65
Biceps Femoris insertion
Primarily on fibular head; also on lateral collateral ligament and lateral tibial condyle
66
Biceps Femoris action
Flexes the knee, and also rotates the tibia laterally; long head also extends the hip joint
67
Biceps Femoris innervation
common peroneal nerve
68
Semimembranosus origin
Superior lateral quadrant of the ischial tuberosity
69
Semimembranosus insertion
Posterior surface of the medial tibial condyle
70
Semimembranosus action
Extends the thigh, flexes the knee, and also rotates the tibia medially, especially when the knee is flexed
71
Semimembranosus innervatin
tibial nerve
72
Semitendinosus origin
From common tendon with long head of biceps femoris from superior medial quadrant of the posterior portion of the ischial tuberosity
73
Semitendinosus insertion
Superior aspect of medial portion of tibial shaft
74
Semitendinosus action
Extends the thigh and flexes the knee, and also rotates the tibia medially, especially when the knee is flexed
75
Semitendinous innervation
tibial nerve
76
Pes Anserinus
goose foot | saritorius, semitendonsous and gracilis attach

Anatomy (16 decks)

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