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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Foot and Ankle Joints/Ligaments: Part 2 > Flashcards

Foot and Ankle Joints/Ligaments: Part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Calcaneus structures

A
  • Articular facet for cuboid

- Anterior process of calcaneus

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2
Q

Articular facet for cuboid

A
  • Articulates with cuboid
  • Saddle shaped
  • Concave superior to inferior
  • Convex medial to lateral
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3
Q

Anterior process of calcaneus

A
  • Junction of anterior, superior and lateral surfaces
  • Projects over cuboid
  • Visible on lateral radiograph
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4
Q

Calcaneal pitch

A
  • Superior angulation of calcaneus
  • Long axis directed superiorly and laterally
  • ~ 30 - 35⁰ between long axis of talus and calcaneus
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5
Q

Calcaneocuboid joint

A
  • Between calcaneus and cuboid

- Part of midtarsal joint

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6
Q

Beak of cuboid articulates with

A
  • Coronoid fossa of calcaneus

- Helps stabilize joint during inversion

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7
Q

Calcaneocuboid joint functional classification

A
  • Saddle (sellar) joint

- Diarthrosis

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8
Q

Calcaneoucuboid joint capsule attaches to

A
  • Articular margins
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9
Q

Blood supply to calcaneocuboid joint

A
  • Dorsalis pedis
  • Lateral plantar
  • Perforating fibular
  • Lateral tarsal
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10
Q

Ligaments stabilizing calcaneocuboid joint

A
  • Dorsal (dorsolateral) calcaneocuboid
  • Bifurcate
  • Long plantar (superficial calcaneocuboid)
  • Short plantar (deep calcaneocuboid)
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11
Q

Dorsal (dorsolateral) calcaneocuboid ligament attachment

A
  • Distal dorsal calcaneus

- Proximal dorsolateral aspect of cuboid

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12
Q

Calcaneocuboid bifurcate ligament is made up of

A
  • Dorsal calcaneonavicular ligament

- Calcaneocuboid ligament (dorsomedial calcaneocuboid)

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13
Q

Long plantar ligament (superficial calcaneocuboid)

A
  • Very strong, long ligament
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14
Q

Long plantar ligament (superficial calcaneocuboid) attachments

A
  • Trigonum plantare of calcaneus
  • Tibular ridge of cuboid and plantar aspect of the bases of metatarsals 2-5
  • (Variable, mostly metatarsals 2-4)
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15
Q

Long plantar ligament (superficial calcaneocuboid) function

A
  • Separate origins of quadratus plantae

- Helps maintain lateral longitudinal arch

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16
Q

Long plantar ligament (superficial calcaneocuboid) creates

A
  • Fibular (peroneal) canal by its attachment to fibular ridge (cuboid ridge or crest) and met bases
  • Passageway for fibularis longus tendon
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17
Q

Short plantar ligament (deep calcaneocuboid) attachments

A
  • Calcaneal tubercle (anterior tubercle of calcaneus)

- Cuboid, posterior to fibular ridge including the beak (coronoid process of cuboid)

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18
Q

Short plantar ligament (deep calcaneocuboid) function

A
  • Helps maintain lateral longitudinal arch
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19
Q

Midtarsal joint (Transverse Tarsal Joint, Chopart’s Joint)

A
  • Functional joint

- Calcaneocuboid joint and talonavicular portion of talocalcaneonavicular

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20
Q

Midtarsal joint (Transverse Tarsal Joint, Chopart’s Joint) function

A
  • Triplanar joint

- Pronation and supination

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21
Q

Cyma line

A
  • Line through midtarsal joint

- Undisrupted “S”-shaped curve

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22
Q

3 anatomic joints form 2 that work together

A
  • Posterior talocalcaneal
  • Talocalcaneonavicular
  • Calcaneocuboid
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23
Q

2 joints formed by the 3 anatomic joints (posterior talocalcaneal, talocalcaneonavicular, calcaneocuboid)

A
  • Subtalar (talocalcaneal, talocalcaneonavicular)

- Midtarsal (talonavicular and calcaneocuboid)

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24
Q

Ligaments in the Tarsal Sinus

A
  • Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
  • Cervical ligament
  • Bifurcate ligament
  • Frondiform ligament
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25
Parts of the frondiform ligament
- Lateral root - Intermediate root - Medial root (3 components)
26
Lateral root of frondiform ligament
- Most lateral - Originates lateral to EDB - Also blends with inferior fibular retinaculum
27
Intermediate root of frondiform ligament
- Originates from sinus tarsi medial to EDB - Posterior to cervical ligament - Unites with lateral root to form superficial component of frondiform ligament
28
Medial root of forndiform ligament 3 components
- Lateral calcaneal component - Medial calcaneal component - Talar component
29
Lateral calcaneal component of medial root (frondiform ligament)
- Originates in sinus tarsi | - Posterior to intermediate root
30
Medial calcaneal component of medial root (frondiform ligament)
- Attaches to floor of tarsal canal
31
Talar component of medial root (frondiform ligament)
- Attaches to roof of tarsal canal (neck of talus)
32
Great tarsal joint
- Consist of bones of the midfoot | - Articulations share a joint capsule lined with synovium
33
Great tarsal joint functional classification
- Planar, synovial joints | - Diarthrosis
34
Great tarsal joint blood supply
- Branches of dorsalis pedis (tarsal arteries) | - Medial/lateral plantar arteries
35
Articulations of the great tarsal joint
- Cuneonavicular joints - Intercuneiform joints - Cuneocuboid joint - Cuboidonavicular joint - 2nd/3rd cuneometatarsal joints - Intermetatarsal joint of 2nd/3rd mets (sometimes 3rd/4th too)
36
Cuneonavicular joints
- 3 cuneiforms | - Navicular
37
Cuneocuboid joint
- Lateral cuneiform | - Cuboid
38
Cuboideonavicular joint
- Synovial joint present 50% - Medial surface of cuboid - Lateral surface of navicular
39
2nd/3rd Cuneometatarsal joint
- Together can be referred to as the intermediate tarsometatarsal joint - Base of 2nd metatarsal and cuneiforms - Lateral cuneiform and base of 3rd metatarsal
40
Ligaments of the great tarsal joint
- Dorsal (3), plantar (3) cuneonavicular - Dorsal (2), interosseous (2), plantar (2) intercuneiform ligaments - Dorsal, interosseous, plantar cuneocuboid - Dorsal, interosseous, plantar cuboideonavicular
41
Cuneonavicular joints liaments
- Dorsal (3), plantar (3) cuneonavicular - One between each cuneiform and navicular - NO interosseous ligaments
42
Intercuneiform joints ligaments
- Dorsal (2), interosseous (2), plantar (2) intercuneiform - One between each cuneiform - Supports transverse arch
43
Cuneocuboid joint ligaments
- Dorsal, interosseous, plantar cuneocuboid | - Supports transverse arch
44
Cuboideonavicular joint ligaments
- Dorsal, interosseous, plantar cuboideonavicular | - Interosseous is small if synovial joint is present
45
Tarsometatarsal joints (Lisfranc’s Joint)
- Functional joint between metatarsals and cuboid/cuneiforms
46
Tarsometatarsal joints (Lisfranc’s Joint) functional classification
- Planar, synovial joints | - Diarthrosis (not much movement)
47
The cuneiforms in Lisfranc's joint form a mortise for
- 2nd metatarsal base - Functions as a tenon - Very important in the stability of Lisfranc’s joint
48
The 2-4th metatarsal bases of Lisfranc's joint form a shallow mortise for
- Lateral cuneiform
49
3 articular compartments of tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc's) joint
- 1st cuneometatarsal joint (medial tarsometatarsal joint) - 2nd/3rd Cuneometatarsal joint (intermediate tarsometatarsal joint) - Metatarsocuboid joint of 4 and 5 (Lateral tarsometatarsal joint)
50
1st cuneometatarsal joint (medial tarsometatarsal joint)
- Between medial cuneiform/1st metatarsal | - Joint capsule attached to articular margins
51
1st cuneometatarsal joint (medial tarsometatarsal joint) functional classification
- Planar, synovial | - Diarthrosis
52
1st cuneometatarsal joint (medial tarsometatarsal joint) blood supply
- Medial plantar | - Dorsalis pedis
53
2nd/3rd cuneometatarsal joint (intermediate tarsometatarsal joint)
- Also part of great tarsal joint | - Between 2nd met base with all 3 cuneiforms/3rd metatarsal base with lateral cuneiform
54
2nd/3rd cuneometatarsal joint (intermediate tarsometatarsal joint) blood supply
- Branches from deep plantar arch | - Branches from dorsalis pedis
55
Metatarsocuboid joint of 4 and 5 (lateral tarsometatarsal joint)
- Cuboid/bases of the 4th and 5th metatarsals
56
Metatarsocuboid joint of 4 and 5 (lateral tarsometatarsal joint) functional classificaiton
- Planar, synovial joint | - Diarthrosis
57
Metatarsocuboid joint of 4 and 5 (lateral tarsometatarsal joint) blood supply
- Branches from arcuate - Branches from lateral tarsal - Branches from deep plantar arch
58
Ligaments of tarsometatarsal joint
- Dorsal tarsometatarsal (7-8 of them) | - Plantar tarsometatarsal (irregular in number 3-5)
59
1st dorsal tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Medial cuneiform | - 1st metatarsal base
60
2nd dorsal tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Medial cuneiform | - 2nd metatarsal base
61
3rd dorsal tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Intermediate cuneiform | - 2nd metatarsal base
62
4th dorsal tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Lateral cuneiform | - 2nd metatarsal base
63
5th dorsal tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Lateral cuneiform and 3rd metatarsal base | - Lateral cuneiform and 4th met base
64
6th dorsal tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Dorsomedial cuboid | - 4th metatarsal bases
65
7th dorsal tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Dorsolateral cuboid | - 5th metatarsal base
66
NO plantar tarsometatarsal ligament attach to the
- Intermediate cuneiform
67
1st plantar tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- 1st medial cuneiform | - 1st metatarsal base
68
2nd plantar tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- 2nd medial cuneiform, splits into 2 bands | - 2nd (deep) and 3rd (superficial) metatarsal bases
69
3rd plantar tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Lateral cuneiform | - 3rd (sometimes 4th) metatarsal base
70
4th plantar tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Cuboid | - 4th metatarsal base
71
5th plantar tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Cuboid | - 5th metatarsal base
72
Interosseous tarsometatarsal ligaments (3)
- Lisfranc's ligament (1st or medial interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament) - Intermediate interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament (2nd………) - Lateral interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament (3rd……..)
73
Lisfranc’s ligament (1st or medial interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament)
- Stronger than other interosseous tarsometatarsal ligaments | - Important for Lisfranc joint stability
74
Lisfranc’s ligament (1st or medial interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament) attaches
- Lateral aspect of medial cuneiform | - Medial aspect of 2nd met base
75
Intermediate interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Medial aspect of lateral cuneiform | - Lateral aspect of 2nd met base
76
Lateral interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament attaches
- Lateral surface of lateral cuneiform | - Medial aspect of 4th met base

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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