Foot and Ankle Joints/Ligaments: Part 3 Flashcards
(59 cards)
1
Q
Intermetatarsal joints
A
- Planar, synovial joints
- diarthrosis
- Between metatarsal bases of 2nd/3rd, 3rd/4th, 4th/5th
2
Q
1st/2nd metatarsal joint usually
A
- No ligaments
- Do not articulate
3
Q
Ligaments of intermetatarsal joints
A
- Dorsal intermetatarsal ligaments
- Plantar intermetatarsal ligaments
- Interosseous intermetatarsal ligaments
- 3 of each
4
Q
Intermetatarsal ligament attachments
A
- 2nd/3rd met bases (1st)
- 3rd/4th met bases (2nd)
- 4th/5th met bases(3rd)
5
Q
Metatarsophalangeal joints
A
- Metatarsal head with base of proximal phalanx
- Ellipsoid, synovial joint
- Diarthrosis
6
Q
Movements of the metatarsophalangeal joints
A
- Abduction/adduction
- Flex/ext
- Circumduction
7
Q
Metatarsophalangeal joint capsules
A
- Attach to articular margins
- Lined by synovium
8
Q
Metatarsophalangeal dorsal joint capsules supported by
A
- Extensor expansion
9
Q
1st MTP joint includes
A
- Sesamoids
10
Q
MTP joint anatomic and functional unit formed by
A
- Proximal phalanx
- Collateral ligaments
- Plantar plate
11
Q
Plantar (volar) plate
A
- Fibrocartilaginous disc-like structure (type 1 collagen)
- Located on the plantar metatarsal head
12
Q
Plantar (volar) plate function
A
- MTP dorsoplantar joint stability
- Shock absorption
- Resists tensile and compressive forces
13
Q
Plantar (volar) plate has attachments to
A
- Deep transverse metatarsal ligament
- Sling of extensor expansion
- Flexor tendon sheath
- Plantar fascia
- Collateral ligaments
- Proximal phalanx
14
Q
Deep transverse metatarsal ligament
A
- Connects adjacent metatarsal heads and plantar (volar) plates
- Important stabilizer of the MTP joints
15
Q
Deep transverse metatarsal ligament location
A
- Proximal edge is at the level of the metatarsal condyles
- Distal doesn’t usually extend past met head
16
Q
Deep transverse metatarsal ligament (between 1st/2nd met heats)
A
- Attaches to 2nd metatarsal head/plantar plate
- Splits into a dorsal/plantar slip
- Plantar slip attaches to lateral sesamoid bone of 1st MTP joint
- Dorsal slip attaches joint capsule of 1st MTP joint
- The tendon of the adductor hallucis passes between the 2 slips
17
Q
Sesamoid apparatus
A
- All the muscles, ligaments/capsule that attaches to the sesamoid bones
18
Q
Parts of the sesamoid apparatus
A
- Flexor hallucis brevis (medial and lateral)
- Abductor hallucis muscle (medial)
- Adductor hallucis muscle (lateral)
- Deep transverse metatarsal ligament (lateral)
- Sesamophalangeal ligaments (medial and lateral)
- Metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligament (medial and lateral)
- Intersesamoid ligament (medial and lateral)
- Plantar plate
19
Q
Ligaments of 1st MTP joint
A
- Sesamophalangeal (medial/lateral)
- Intersesamoid
- Medial/lateral collateral
- Metatarsophalangeal suspensory (medial/lateral)
- Plantar plate
20
Q
M/L Sesamophalangeal ligament is also called
A
- Phalangeosesamoid
21
Q
Medial esamophalangeal ligament (phalangeosesamoid) attachments
A
- Tibial (medial) sesamoid
- Medial tubercle of proximal phalanx base
22
Q
Lateral esamophalangeal ligament (phalangeosesamoid) attachments
A
- Fibular (lateral) sesamoid
- Lateral tubercle of proximal phalanx base
23
Q
Intersesamoid ligamen
A
- Connects the medial and lateral sesamoids
24
Q
Collateral ligaments of 1st MTP joint are also called
A
- Proper collateral ligaments
- Metatarsophalangeal ligament
25
Medial collateral ligaments of 1st MTP joint attachments
- Medial tubercle of met head
| - Medial tubercle of proximal phalanx base
26
Lateral collateral ligaments of 1st MTP joint attachments
- Lateral tubercle of met head
| - Lateral tubercle of proximal phalanx base
27
Metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligaments are also called
- Metatarsoglenoid ligaments
- Metatarsosesamoid ligaments
- Accessory collateral ligaments
28
Medial metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligaments attachments
- Medial tubercle of met head
| - Medial sesamoid & plantar plate
29
Lateral metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligaments attachments
- Lateral tubercle of met head
| - Lateral sesamoid & plantar plate
30
Plantar plate attaches to
- Sesamoids
31
Ligaments of the 2nd - 5th MTP joints
- Medial/lateral collateral (proper collateral)
- Metatarsophalangeal suspensory (medial/lateral)
- Plantar metatarsophalangeal
- Plantar plate
32
Medial/lateral collateral ligaments of MTP joints 2-5
- Pass between tubercles of the met heads and proximal phalanx base
33
Medial/lateral metatarsophalangeal suspensory ligaments of MTP joints 2-5
- From medial and lateral tubercles of met head to plantar plate
34
Plantar metatarsophalangeal ligaments
- Pass from plantar aspect of met head to plantar aspect of proximal phalanx
35
Interphalangeal joints
- Proximal and distal have similar structure
- Gingylmus (hinge), synovial joints
- Diarthrosis
- Joint capsule ataches to articular margin
36
Interphalangeal joint movements
- Dorsiflexion
| - Plantarflexion
37
Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints are between
- Head of proximal phalanx
| - Base of middle phalanx
38
Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints are between
- Head of middle phalanx
| - Base of distal phalanx
39
Hallux only as an interphalangeal joint (IP) between
- Head of proximal phalanx
| - Base of distal phalanx
40
Interphalangeal joint ligaments
- Medial/lateral collateral ligaments of __ IP joint
| - Plantar interphalangeal ligament of __ IP joint
41
Interphalangeal joint ligaments attach
- Tubercles of the phalangeal head proximally
| - Tubercles of phalangeal base distally
42
Plantar interphalangeal ligaments attach
- Head of a phalanx proximally
| - Base of phalanx distally
43
Ankle joint innervation
- Deep fibular nerve
- Accessory deep fibular when present
- Tibial nerve
- Saphenous nerve
- Sural nerve
44
Subtalar joint innervation
- Tibial nerve
- Lateral dorsal cutaneous (sural)
- Medial plantar
- Deep fibular
- Accessory deep fibular when present
45
Talocalcaneonavicular joint innervation
- Medial plantar
| - Deep fibular
46
Calcaneoucuboid joint innervation
- Lateral plantar
- Sural
- Deep fibular
- Accessory deep fibular when present
47
Cuneocuboid and cuboidonavicular joint innervation
- Lateral plantar
| - Deep fibular
48
1st and 2nd cuneonavicular, medial intercuneiform, cuneometatarsal 1-2 innervation
- Deep fibular
| - Plantar side: Medial plantar
49
3rd cuneonavicular, 3rd cuneometatatarsal, lateral intercuneiform innervation
- Deep fibular
| - Lateral plantar
50
Cuboid, metatarsal 4,5 innervation
- Sural
- Superficial fibular
- LPN
51
Dorsal innervation of intermetatarsal joint
- Deep fibular nerve
52
Plantar innervation of intermetatarsal joint
- Deep branch of lateral plantar (between 2nd/3rd and 3rd/4th met bases)
- Superficial branch of LPN (between 4th/5th met base)
53
MTP joint and IP joint innervation
- Branches from the dorsal and plantar digital nerves that pass by the joint
- 2-4th MTP joints can also receive innervation from deep branch of LPN
54
Talocrural in OPEN kinetic chain
- Roll and slide in opposite directions
| - Calcaneus and foot moving on talus
55
Talocrural joint in CLOSED kinetic chain
- Roll and slide of mortise on the trochlea
| - Talus, forefoot is fixed, calcaneus is mostly fixed
56
Pronation in OPEN kinetic chain involves
- Dorsiflexion
- Abduction
- Eversion
57
Supination in OPEN kinetic chain involves
- Plantarflexion
- Adduction
- Inversion
58
Pronation in CLOSED kinetic chain involves
- Plantarflexion (talus)
- Adduction (talus)
- Eversion (calcaneus)
- Tibia internal rotation
59
Supination in CLOSED kinetic chain involves
- Dorsiflexion (talus)
- Abduction (talus)
- Inversion (calcaneus)
- Tibia external rotation
