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BIO108 - Gen. Physiology > General Introduction > Flashcards

General Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

IS THE STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF ORGANS AND THEIR
INTERRELATIONSHIPS

A

Physiology

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2
Q

Mostly producers

A

Plants

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3
Q

Consumers

A

Animals

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4
Q

Unlimeted scheme of growth

A

Plants

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5
Q

Limited growth

A

Animals

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6
Q

Non-motile and must rely on immediate nutrient sources

A

Plants

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7
Q

Can move around

A

Animals

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8
Q

Use large amounts of CO2

A

Plants

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9
Q

Give off CO2

A

Animals

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10
Q

Conserve nitrogen

A

Plants

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11
Q

Give off nitrogen as waste

A

Animals

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12
Q

Transport fluids/food through vascular tissues

A

Plants

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13
Q

Vascular tissues of plants

A

Xylem
Phloem

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14
Q

Bloodstream

A

Animals

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15
Q

Growth throughout their entire lifetime

A

Plants

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16
Q

Reaches a certain stage and growth more or less stops

A

Animals

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17
Q

Father of Modern Physiology

A

Claude Bernard (1813-1878)

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18
Q

What did bernard observe

A

Internal environment remains constant despite changing external environment

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19
Q

coined the term ‘Hemeostasis’

A

Walter Cannon (1871-1945)

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20
Q

Describe the stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

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21
Q

Two themes of physiology

A

Intergation
Homeostasis

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22
Q

takes in oxygen
and removes waste gases.

A

Respiratory system

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23
Q

responsible for delivering the oxygen to all parts of our bodies.

A

Cardiovascular system

24
Q

Global umbrella organization for physiology

A

International Union of Physiological Sciences

25
Each of our body systems are interconnected and dependent on each other
Organ systems interrelationships
26
Nutrients and oxygen are distributed ___
Blood
27
Metabolic wastes are eliminated by __ and ___ ___
Urinary and respiratory systems
28
The Biological hierarchy (in order)
A. Molecule B. Organelle C. Cell and tissue D. Organ
29
Four types of Tissue
- Connective - Muscle (contractile) - Nerve - Epithelial
30
Binds together or supports cells, other tissues/organ
Connective tissue
31
- Contracts on stimulation - Movement, posture and heat production
Musle (contractile) tissue
32
Conducts nerve tissue impulses throughout the body
Nerve tissue
33
Covers all body sufaces
Epithelial tissue
34
What does epithelial tissue do?
A protective barrier against the environment
35
The major organ system
- Integumentary - Skeletal - Muscular - Circulatory - Lymphatic - Respiratory - Digestive - Urinary - Reproductive - Nervous - Endocrine
36
Definitions of homeostasis
1. Dynamic Equilibrium 2. Inspite multiple stimuli 3. Maintained by negative feedback
37
is the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment
Homeostasis
38
Homeostatic Control Mechanisms
1. Stimulus 2. Change detected by receptor 3. Input information 4. Ouput information 5. Response of effected feeds back
39
Detects change
Receptor
40
Produces change in variable
Stimulus
41
is accomplished through the nervous and endocrine systems
Regulaion of homeostasis
42
Basic components of homeostatic control
1. Receptor 2. Control center 3. Effector
43
DETECTS CHANGES (STIMULI) IN THE BODY
A receptor
44
DETERMINES A SET POINT FOR A NORMAL RANGE.
Control Center
45
CAUSES THE RESPONSE DETERMINED BY THE CONTROL CENTER.
Effector
46
regulatory mechanism in which a change in a controlled variable triggers a response that opposes the change.
Negative Feedback
47
What does negative feedback mechanism do?
Decrease the intensity of stimulus or eliminates it
48
Examples of Negative feedback
Regulation of blood glucose levels
49
enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus so that activity is accelerated
Positive feedback mechanism
50
Examples of positive feedback mechanisms
- Infrequent events such as blood clothing or childbirth
51
Does not mainted homeostasis
Positive feedback
52
Positive feedback mechanism in blood clothing
- Break or tear in blood vessel wall - Clotting occurs as platelets adhere to the site then release chemical - The chemical attracts more platelets - Clotting proceeds until break is sealed
53
Aging reduces our ability to maintain homeostasis
Heat stress
54
If a disturbance of homeostasis or the body’s normal equilibrium is not corrected, illness occurs
Homeostatic Imbalances
55
Examples of homeostatic imbalances
- chills - fevers - elevated white blood counts

BIO108 - Gen. Physiology (20 decks)

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