Geney Stuff

Question 1

The first DNA model made in 1953 was made by _____ and ____ with the help of _________

Answer 1

James Watson
Francis Crick
Rosalind Franklin

Question 2

What did the model look like (like a spiral stair case or a twisted ladder)

Answer 2

Double helix

Question 3

Rungs or steps of the DNA are

Answer 3

Nitrogen bases

Question 4

3 parts of DNA molecule

Answer 4

1. Phosphate
2. Deoxyribose
3. Nitrogen base

Question 5

Base pairs

Answer 5

A= Adenine
T= Thymine
C= Cytosine
G= Guanine

Question 6

Which base pairs pair up

Answer 6

Adenine and thymine

Cytosine and Guanine

Question 7

What is DNA replication

Answer 7

When DNA makes a copy of itself

Question 8

During what process(es) dies DNA rep happen

Answer 8

Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 9

What does DNA stand for

Answer 9

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 10

DNA rep step 1: DNA _____ an enzyme, breaks bonds between nitrogen bases so the two sides unwind and separate (unzip)

Answer 10

Helicase

Question 11

DNA rep step 2: new _______ floating in nucleus pair with bases on each side.

Answer 11

Nucleotides

Question 12

DNA polymerase

Answer 12

Helps attach nucleotides

Question 13

Sections on a chromosome that code for a particular trait are called _________. They are expressed by directing the making of specific _________.

Answer 13

Gene

Proteins

Question 14

Heredity

Answer 14

The passing of traits from parent to offspring

Question 15

Genetics

Answer 15

The science that studies the laws of heredity

Question 16

Father of genetics

Answer 16

Gregor Mendel

Question 17

What plant did he test on

Answer 17

Garden pea plant

Question 18

He created a new branch of science called

Answer 18

Genetics

Question 19

Allele

Answer 19

Different forms a gene may have a trait

Question 20

Pure

Answer 20

Refers to an organism or cell in which the alleles for a pair a pair traits are identical

Question 21

Mendel _____ _______ pea plants to observe results when he crossed two _______ alleles

Answer 21

Cross pollinated

Different

Question 22

Ex. Pure tall plant (_ ) x Pure short plant ( _) a tool called the ____ _______ is used to predict the results

Answer 22

TT
tt
Punnett Square

Question 23

Results: ___ (ALL) of the offspring from pure parents plants only show ONE of the alleles of the trait. This is called ______ or _________

Answer 23

100%
Hybrid
Heterozygous

Question 24

Although one of each allele is presenting the offspring’s genes, only ___ of the traits will show up, the other will be _______ or hidden.

Answer 24

One

Masked

Question 25

Dominant

Answer 25

The form of the that appears to dominate or "show up" (masks other form)

Question 26

Recessive

Answer 26

The form of the trait that can be hidden or "masked" by the dominant trait

Question 27

Homozygous

Answer 27

Or PURE = same letters exactly

Question 28

Heterozygous

Answer 28

Or HYBRID = different letters (one capital one lowercase)

Question 29

The only time a recessive trait will appear is when it is

Answer 29

Pure/homozygous

Question 30

Any time the dominant form of the trait is present it will ______ ____

Answer 30

Show up

Question 31

Genotype

Answer 31

The actual genetic makeup of the alleles (the letters)

Question 32

Phenotype

Answer 32

What thing looks like (the words)

Question 33

Incomplete dominance

Answer 33

Neither trait is dominant; blending of phenotype seen in the heterozygote. (Red thing + White thing = pink thing)

Question 34

Codominance

Answer 34

both alleles show up in offspring (dots on cows, multiple feather colors on chickens)

Question 35

Some traits are controlled by multiple _____ and are called ______ traits

Answer 35

Alleles | Polygenic

Question 36

This happens when groups of gene pairs work together to produce a _______ trait. Eye color controlled by _ genes and skin color controlled by ___ genes

Answer 36

Single 8 378

Question 37

Mutations can _______ change DNA. This can be ______ or beneficial.

Answer 37

Permanent | Harmful

Question 38

Color blindness is a ____-linked disorder

Answer 38

Sex

Question 39

Females are represented by ______

Answer 39

Circles

Question 40

Males are represented by

Answer 40

Squares

Question 41

A marriage is represented by

Answer 41

A short horizontal line

Question 42

Children connected by a

Answer 42

bracket

Question 43

Child inherited two dominant alleles for the trait, shape is

Answer 43

completely filled.

Question 44

Child has inherited one dominant one recessive allele shape is

Answer 44

Half filled

Question 45

If child has two recessive alleles the shape

Answer 45

Empty