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Medicine SHELF Prep > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

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1
Q

Which abdominal pathology? metabolic acidosis, thumb printing on XR

A

Mesenteric ischemia

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2
Q

Which abdominal pathology? non-tender palpable gallbladder

A

Pancreatic cancer

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3
Q

Tx IBS constipation

A

Fiber/SSRIs

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4
Q

Tx IBS diarrhea

A

loperamide, TCAs

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5
Q

Indications for EGD in dyspepsia

A

Age>55 or alarm features

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6
Q

Indications for H pylori testing in dyspepsis

A

Age under 55 without alarm features

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7
Q

Diagnosis of GERD

A

PPI trial or ambulatory esophageal reflux monitoring

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8
Q

Frequency of endoscopy in Barrett Esophagus

A

4-5 years (no dysplasia), 6-12 months (low-grade dysplasia)

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9
Q

Dx of H pylori

A

Histology or rapid urease

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10
Q

Tx H pylori

A

PPI + metronidazole + clarithromycin, PPI + amoxicillin + clarithromycin

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11
Q

Dx Wilson Disease

A

Serum ceruloplasmin

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12
Q

Dx Autoimmune hepatitis

A

Anti-smooth muscle antibodies

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13
Q

Dx hemochromatosis

A

Ferritin, transferrin, hepcidin

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14
Q

Dx primary biliary cholangitis

A

anti-mitochondrial antibodies

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15
Q

Which liver pathology? Low alkaline phosphatase

A

Wilson disease

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16
Q

Post-exposure ppx HAV

A

HAV Ig to household/daycare/sexual contacts

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17
Q

Post-exposure ppx HBV

A

HBV Ig for exposure

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18
Q

Screening for viral hepatitis (4)

A

Born 1945-1965, transfusion before 1992, IVDU, needle-stick

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19
Q

Extra-hepatic manifestations of HBV (3)

A

Glomerulonephritis, Cryoglobulinemia, polyarteritis nodosa

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20
Q

Extra-hepatic manifestations of HCV (3)

A

Glomerulonephritis, Cryoglobulinemia, Porphyria cutanea tarda

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21
Q

Which liver pathology? inclusions on PAS stain

A

alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency

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22
Q

Tx autoimmune hepatitis

A

azathioprine, steroids

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23
Q

Tx Wilson disease

A

Tridentine or penicillamine, zinc (decreases absorption)

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24
Q

Dx PSC

A

endoscopic cholangiography

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25
Cirrhosis: serum-ascites albumin gradient
>1.1
26
Dx Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Ascites granulocyte count >250
27
Cirrhosis immunization:
HBV, HCV, PCV, flu
28
Tx ascites
spironolactone + lasix
29
Indication for albumin infusion in cirrhosis
>5L ascitic fluid removed
30
Tx SBP
fluoroquinolone or TMP-SMX
31
Tx hepatorenal syndrome
decrease diuretics, norepinephrine/vasopressin (improves renal blood flow)
32
Tx hepatic encephalopathy (2)
Lactulose, rifaximin
33
Charcot Triad for Acute cholangitis
Fever, jaundice, RUQ pain
34
Reynold Pentad for Acute cholangitis
Fever, jaundice, RUQ pain, AMS, shock
35
Abx for acute cholecystitis
Metronidazole + (ampicillin-sulbactam or ciprofloxacin)
36
Tx PBC
UDCA
37
Systemic complications of pancreatitis (5)
hypocalcemia, hyperglycemia, ARDS, AKI, DIC
38
Tx pancreatic pseudocyst
Drainage ONLY IF symptomatic
39
Tx pancreatic abscess
Abx/drainage
40
Which diarrheal pathogen? Mayonnaise, potato salad
S. aureus
41
Which diarrheal pathogen? reheated rice
Bacillus cereus
42
Which diarrheal pathogen? shellfish
Vibro cholerae
43
Which diarrheal pathogen? raw milk
Campylobacter or Yersinia
44
Which diarrheal pathogens? associated with GBS
Campylobacter and Yersinia
45
Which diarrheal pathogens? Associated with HUS
EHEC, Shigella
46
Tx C difficile
Metronidazole > PO Vancomycin
47
Secretory diarrhea osmotic gap
under 50
48
Osmotic diarrhea osmotic gap
>125
49
Diarrhea with pH<6
Carbohydrate malabsorption
50
Positive hydrogen breath test
Lactase deficiency
51
Which diagnosis? chronic relapsing-remitting watery diarrhea with normal colonoscopy and abnormal biopsy
Microscopic colitis
52
Which diagnosis? erythematous papulovesicles on extensor surfaces associated with diarrhea
Celiac disease
53
Which diagnosis? post-prandial flushing and tachycardia
Dumping syndrome (often w/hx of bariatric surgery)
54
Dx SIBO
quantitative culture of duodenal aspirate
55
Which diagnosis? hx of ileal resection, cholestasis
Bile acid malabsorption
56
Tx Bile acid malabsorption
cholestyramine
57
Which diagnosis? arthralgia, neurologic/ophthalmologic symptoms, LAD
Whipple Disease
58
Ophthalmologic emergencies in CD
Uveitis, Scleritis
59
Which diagnosis? Anti-saccharyomyces antibody
CD
60
Which diagnosis? diarrhea and positive p-ANCA
UC
61
Which diagnosis? Associated with erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum
UC
62
Which IBD medication? associated with interstitial nephritis
5-aminosalicylates (sulfasalazine, etc.)
63
Which IBD medication? antibiotics that may be used in CD
Metronidazole, ciprofloxacin
64
Which IBD medication? Immunomodulator used in CD associated with hepatotoxicity and pneumonitis
MTX
65
Which IBD medication? Immunomodulator in UC associated with nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity
Cyclosporine
66
Which IBD medication? Immunomodulators associated with hepatotoxicity, leukopenia, lymphoma, and pancreatitis
6-MP, Azathioprine
67
Which IBD medication? used in CD refractory to anti-TNF therapy, associated with PML
Natalizumab
68
Which IBD medication? Associated with demyelination, heart failure, lymphoma
Anti-TNF
69
Which diagnosis? intermittent large volume upper GI bleeding
Dieulafoy lesion

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