GI 8

Question 1

Short term regulation of appetite and satiety

Answer 1

Satiety signals (Increased)
Orexiginic signal (Decreased)

Question 2

High orexigin signal

Answer 2

More food

Question 3

Ghrelin

Answer 3

Orexogenic signal
Released by cells in the stomach in response to emptying

Question 4

Gastric distension and CCK

Answer 4

Happens at NTS and then PVN and ARC

Question 5

Insulin and blood glucose levels

Answer 5

Low insulin/glusocse: more drive for food
Happens in cephalic and gastric phase

Question 6

If you want food what neurons are activated

Answer 6

NPY, AgRP

Question 7

WHAT INFLUENCES DIET

Answer 7

Hunger
Satiety
Social

Question 8

energy output

Answer 8

Heat (50%)
Work(50%)

Question 9

Energy output =

Answer 9

Work + Heat

Question 10

Direct calorimetry

Answer 10

Most accurate
From sugars

Question 11

Indirect Carolimetry

Answer 11

O2 Consumption or CO2 production

Question 12

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 12

An individuals Lowest metabolic rate
Usually measured as resting metabolic rate (RMR)

Question 13

Factors that affect overall metabolic rate

Answer 13

1. Age and Sex
2. Amount of lean muscle mass
3. Activity level - metabolic activity above BMR
4. Diet
5. Hormones

Question 14

Metabolism

Answer 14

The sum of all chemical reactions in the body and fall in one of the 3 categories

Question 15

3 categories of metabolism

Answer 15

1. Extract energy from nutrients
2. Use energy for work
3. Store excess energy for later use

Question 16

Fed state

Answer 16

Excess of nutrients
Anabolic

Question 17

Is fasted state the body mainly uses

Answer 17

Fatty acids

Question 18

Fat storage is

Answer 18

Unlimited

Question 19

Most energy is stored in

Answer 19

Skeletal muscle

Question 20

Increase in what increased feeding behaviour

Answer 20

Ghrelin

Question 21

What drives the fed state

Answer 21

Insulin

Question 22

What happens in the fed state

Answer 22

Anabolism
K and L cells increase
Increase parasympathetic activity
Increase amino acid uptake
Protein synthesis
Fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis
Glycogen synthesis
Fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis

Question 23

Insulins cellular mechanism

Answer 23

1. Insulin binds to tyrosine kinase receptor
2. Receptor phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate

Question 24

What drives fasted state

Answer 24

Glucagon

Question 25

What prmortoes fasted state

Answer 25

Catabolism

Question 26

What happens in faster state

Answer 26

Increased sympathetic activity
Increases lipolysis
Glycogenolysis is increased
Gluconeogenesis is increases
Protein breakdown is increased