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BMSC208 > Renal 4 > Flashcards

Renal 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Clearence

A

to measure GFR
Understand net handling of a speific molecule
Rate of excretion

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2
Q

Formula for clearence

A

Excretion rate of x / Substance concentration in plasma
measures in ml/min

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3
Q

Unulin

A

Polysaccharide found in a variety of plants was found in isolated nephrons to be completely filtered and not reabsorbed

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4
Q

Filtered load of X

A

Concentration of x in plasma (GFR)

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5
Q

Filteration load of inulin

A

Excretion rate of inulin

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6
Q

Excretion rate of inulin

A

Concentration of inulin in plasma (GFR)

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7
Q

GFR =

A

Excretion rate of inulin / concentration of inulin in plasma

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8
Q

Clearence of x =

A

Excretion rate of x / concentration of x in plasma

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9
Q

What do clinicians commonly use to calculate GFR

A

They use Creatnine

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10
Q

What is creatine a product of

A

Phosphocreatinbreakdown

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11
Q

Is creatine filtered

A

Yes but it is secreted in very small amounts as well

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12
Q

Why do we measure GFR

A

to find overall kidney functioning

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13
Q

Filtered Load

A

Concentration of plasma x GFR

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14
Q

How do we know if net reabsorbtion rate has occured

A

If less of a substance appears in the urine than was filtered

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15
Q

How do we know if net secretion is occured

A

If more subsate appears in urine that it was filtered

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16
Q

Net reabsorbtion occurs with

A

Glucose and urea

17
Q

net secretion occurs with

A

Penicilin

18
Q

Micturition reflex

A

Filling of the bladder activates stretch receptors initiating the micturition reflex

19
Q

Steps of Micturiotion reflex

A
  1. Filling up bladder
  2. Filling exceeds 200mls
  3. Walls will distend slightly
  4. Strech receptors fire
  5. Parasympathetic neurons fire and bladder expands
  6. Smooth muscle contracts. Internal sphincter is passively pulled open. External Sphincter relaxes
20
Q

Bladder and what is the wall made up ofp

A

Filling of urine happens here
Walls made of smooth muscle called Detrusor muscle

21
Q

Internal sphicter

A

Passively contracted
Smooth muscle
Some sympathetic input into it

22
Q

External sphincter

A

Skeletal muscle
Stays contracted
Has tonic output

23
Q

Incontinenece

A

Inability to control urination voluntarily

24
Q

Incontinence in infants

A

Corticospinal connections neceesary for voluntary control have yet to be established

25
Q

Four parameters of fluid electrolyte balance

A

Fluid volume
Osmolarity
Concentrations of individual ions
pH

26
Q

Contraction of bladder walls involves an increase in

A

Parasympathetic activity

27
Q

Contraction of internal sphincter

A

Sympathetic

28
Q

Control of External sphincter

A

Somatic motor

BMSC208 (20 decks)

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