GI disorders

Question 1

constipation

Answer 1

small, infrequent bowel
<3 per week
difficulty with BM

Question 2

causes of constipation

Answer 2

decreased fiber in diet
lack of exercise (immobility)
slowed persistalsis
older age
patho conditions (obstructive or diverticulitis)

Question 3

impaction

Answer 3

unrelieved constipation
may lead to obstruction

firm, immovable mass of stool
continued liquid stool, oozing diarrhea

Question 4

Sx of impaction

Answer 4

loss of appetite
N/V
abdomen distinction
cramping, pain

Question 5

diarrhea

Answer 5

increased fluid and frequency in BM

Question 6

acute diarrhea

Answer 6

infection, stress, meds (antibiotics, chemo) liquid stool around impaction

Question 7

chronic diarrhea

Answer 7

> 4 weeks
chronic GI infection, alterations in motility or integrity, endocrine disorders, malabsorption

Question 8

episodic diarrhea

Answer 8

food allergy or irritant
caffeine, tube feeding

Question 9

osmotic

Answer 9

epsum salt
mag sulfate
water rushing into colon
common in tube feedings

Question 10

secretory

Answer 10

bacteria or toxin
inhibit resorption of water in
vibrio cholera and staph

Question 11

exudative

Answer 11

inflammation
exudate of mucous, blood, proteins
Crohns and ulcerative colitis
pulls water INTO intestines

Question 12

motility disturbance

Answer 12

decreased absorption in small intestines pushing fluid INTO colon

dumping syndrome and IBS

Question 13

diarrhea concerns

Answer 13

skin breakdown
fluid/electrolyte imbalance
nutritional concerns
age extremes