GI quiz 1

Question 1

What does digestion mean

Answer 1

breaking down

Question 2

what does absorption mean

Answer 2

absorb nutrients to body

Question 3

what does excretion mean

Answer 3

excreting feces

Question 4

know which organs are contained in each quadrant

Answer 4

RUQ - liver, gallbladder
RLQ - appendix
LUQ - stomach, spleen
LLQ - rectum

Question 5

know the pathway of food through the digestive tract including sphincters and valves

Answer 5

mouth - pharynx - esophagus - gastroesophageal sphincter - stomach - pyloric sphincter - duodenum - jejunum - ileum - ileocecal valve - cecum - ascending colon - transverse colon - descending colon - sigmoid - rectum - internal anus sphincter - anus - external anus sphincter

Question 6

salivary glands

Answer 6

secrete amylase - in mouth - start digesting starch

Question 7

pancreas

Answer 7

secretes amylase, lipase, tripsin in duodenum

Question 8

gallbladder

Answer 8

secretes bile into duodenum

Question 9

liver

Answer 9

bile into duodenum

Question 10

what are enzymes in mouth and what do they digest

Answer 10

amylase - starch

Question 11

what are the secretions in the stomach and what do these digest

Answer 11

hydrocholic acid - break down food into liquid - activates pepcin
Pepcinogin - Pepcin - digests protein
Lipase - digest fat
intrinsic factor - absorb B12

Question 12

what are enzymes in small intestine and what do they digest

Answer 12

bile - emulsifies (breaks down) fat - brown poop

amylase, lipase, tripsin

Question 13

What are the enzymes from the pancrease and what do they digest

Answer 13

amylase - starch
lipase - fat
tripsin - protein

Question 14

What does bile do

Answer 14

emulsifies fat

Question 15

What is the function of the small intestine

Answer 15

breaks down food - collect nutrients - absorb nutrients - lymph absorbs fat

Question 16

What is teh function of the large intestine

Answer 16

reabsorb water , minerals, vitamins

Question 17

when assess the abdomen what is the examination sequence

Answer 17

inspect - auscultate - plapate

Question 18

what position should the patient be in for examination

Answer 18

supine - head, feet raised later

Question 19

what is needed to absorb vitamin B12

Answer 19

intrinsic factor

Question 20

what disease develops with the lack of vitamin B12

Answer 20

pernicious anemia

Question 21

what teaching should be done before an MRI

Answer 21

no metal - pacemakers

claustrophobic (IV by gravity)

Question 22

how would the nurse measure the abdominal girth

Answer 22

at belly button

>35in (females) > 40 (males) - risk factor for DM or CV disease

Question 23

what would indicate normoactive, hypoactive, hyperactive bowel sound

Answer 23

5-30/minute
1-2/2 min
frequent/ loud

Question 24

what is the main concern for a patient post liver biopsy

Answer 24

bleeding

Question 25

what lab test should be performed pre-procedure

Answer 25

CBC - coagulation studies

Question 26

after an upper GI endoscopy what should be checked before giving PO intake

Answer 26

gag relfex

Question 27

what is the prep prior to a colonoscopy

Answer 27

cleaned out | NPO 8-12 hrs prior

Question 28

what should a patient be instructed to do prior to a barium swallow test

Answer 28

NPO 8-12 hr before no smoking 12-24 hr clear liquid night before low fiber diet

Question 29

after tests using barium what are teaching points

Answer 29

white, chalky stool increased fluids take stool softeners

Question 30

what tests are used to examine the GB

Answer 30

ultrasounds - oral cholecystography

Question 31

what caused some alterations in stool color

Answer 31

iron - black | barium - white

Question 32

what are some age realted changes in GI tract

Answer 32

decreased taste, weak gag relax, atrophy of intestines, faulty absorption of vitamins, slow fat absorption , decreased saliva

Question 33

if a aptient is to have a fecal occult test what should they avoid prior to avoid a fals positive result

Answer 33

aspirin - NSAIDS- Iron - alcohol

Question 34

If a patient has darker skin, where should the nruse assess for jaundice

Answer 34

sclera of eyes.