Integumentary unit exam

Question 1

what is overgrowth of scar tissue called

Answer 1

keoid

Question 2

what is stage I ulcer

Answer 2

intact skin, red, warm, blanched

Question 3

what is stage II ulcer

Answer 3

break in skin - epidermis/dermis

abrasion, crater, blister

Question 4

what is a stage III ulcer

Answer 4

full thickness - loss of hypodermis, deep crater

Question 5

what is a stage IV ulcer

Answer 5

full thickness, bone, muscle showing, tunneling

Question 6

what is contact dermatitis

Answer 6

direct contact with substance - allergic reaction - itchy rash

Question 7

What is the other word for chronic dermatitis

Answer 7

eczema

Question 8

what is psoriasis

Answer 8

skin disease where epidermal cells proliferate (increase) abnormally fast

Question 9

what are symptoms of psoriasis

Answer 9

red papules - plaques, silvery scales, itchy, dry brittle hair

Question 10

what are treatments for psoriasis

Answer 10

tub baths, steroids, Vitamin D cream, keratolytics, fish oil (topicals) UV light

Question 11

what is herpes simplex

Answer 11

viral infection - direct contact - lies dormant in nerves

symptoms triggered by stressor (lesions)

Question 12

what is herpes zoster

Answer 12

shingles - painful vesicle eruption along nerves - normally only one side

Question 13

what causes herpes zoster

Answer 13

varicella virus

Question 14

what are symptoms of herpes zoster

Answer 14

vesicles, bright red plaques, irritation, itching, fever, severe pain, malaise

Question 15

what medication can be used for any type of herpes infection

Answer 15

cyclovir - acyclovir, valacyclovir

Question 16

what is the cause of acne

Answer 16

hormones - androgens

Question 17

what are some acne treatments

Answer 17

antibiotics, corticosteroids, estrogen therapy, vitamin A acid

Question 18

what is isotretinoin

Answer 18

vitamin A derivative

Question 19

how is Isotretinoin administered

Answer 19

Oral with food

Question 20

what are some side effects of isotretinoin

Answer 20

dry skin, itching, dry nose, rash , nose bleeds, pregnancy category X

Question 21

what is scabies

Answer 21

contagious itchy skin disease caused by burrowing mites

Question 22

what are symptoms of scabies

Answer 22

bumps, redness, itching, black burrows (dots)

Question 23

how is scabies spread

Answer 23

skin-skin contact

Question 24

what is treatment for scabies

Answer 24

anti-parasitic, don’t get close contact with others, lidane cream, dry cleaning clothes

Question 25

what is pediculosis

Answer 25

head lice

Question 26

what are symptoms of pediculosis

Answer 26

itching, visible lice/nits in hair

Question 27

how is lice spread

Answer 27

direct contact

Question 28

what is treatment for lice

Answer 28

pyrethin - anti-parasitic calamine lotion wet combing

Question 29

what is pemphigus

Answer 29

watery blisters on skin - autoimmune

Question 30

what are 2 primary concerns when caring for a patient with pemphigus

Answer 30

fluid loss, pain, high calorie diet

Question 31

what are priorities when caring for a burn victim

Answer 31

Airway Breathing Circulation

Question 32

when should the nurse be concerned about inhalation burns

Answer 32

burn to head/neck

Question 33

what are symptoms of inhalation burns

Answer 33

cough, shortness of breath, hoarseness, headache, burns to face/neck

Question 34

superficial partial thickness burn

Answer 34

red, blanching, no cell death blood flow maintained, blisters sensitive to air, temperature, touch

Question 35

deep partial thickness burn

Answer 35

red, no blanching vasoconstriction, sludging of blood vessels increased tissue edema, fragile-painful-exposed nerve endings

Question 36

full thickness burn

Answer 36

white, gray, no blanching irreversible cell death (skin grafting needed) no pain!

Question 37

what are some main concerns of a patient with an electrical burn

Answer 37

cardiac function (arrythemias)

Question 38

what are some topical meds used for burns

Answer 38

mupirocin, mafenide acetate, sulfadiazine

Question 39

when are skin grafts necessary

Answer 39

hair follicles - stem cells destroyed | deep burn wounds

Question 40

autograft

Answer 40

persons own skin

Question 41

allograft

Answer 41

from cadaver of stem cells

Question 42

slit graft

Answer 42

large area - laced

Question 43

xenograft

Answer 43

from cows or pigs

Question 44

what is a fast way to estimate the BSA of a burn

Answer 44

rule of 9's

Question 45

adult rule of 9's

Answer 45

``` head -9 arm -9 arm -9 chest -9 abdomen -9 upper back -9 lower back -9 front left leg -9 front right leg -9 back left leg -9 back right leg -9 ```

Question 46

adult rule of 9's

Answer 46

same as adult except head -18 whole leg - 13.5 (front/back: 6.75)

Question 47

alopecia

Answer 47

balding

Question 48

bulla

Answer 48

fluid filled vesicle/blister > 1cm

Question 49

confluent

Answer 49

lesions become merged

Question 50

cyst

Answer 50

pouch of semisolid, solid, or liquid

Question 51

dermis

Answer 51

middle layer of skin

Question 52

discrete

Answer 52

separated lesions

Question 53

epidermis

Answer 53

outer layer of skin

Question 54

hypodermis

Answer 54

inner alyer of skin

Question 55

keratitis

Answer 55

cornea becomes inflamed

Question 56

macule

Answer 56

flat, colored bump < 1 cm

Question 57

papule

Answer 57

solid raised lesion

Question 58

plaque

Answer 58

raised lesion > 1 cm

Question 59

pustule

Answer 59

pus filled bump

Question 60

ulcer

Answer 60

open sore - dermis

Question 61

vesicle

Answer 61

small blister - fluid filled - 1 cm

Question 62

wheal

Answer 62

round - white in middle, red around it - hives!

Question 63

what is open wound care and why is it not used as often

Answer 63

wound is left open - because of infection entering