GI Secretion The Liver And Pancreas

Question 1

What functions are applicable to liver and pancreas

Answer 1

Indirect digestion and absorption
Secretion

Question 2

What divides liver into two lobes

Answer 2

Falciform ligament

Question 3

How many segments of the liver

Answer 3

8

Question 4

How is secretion controlled for the pancreas

Answer 4

Autonomic NS
Receptors in SI, vagaries afferent nerves, medulla, vagus efferent nerve, pancreas, ACh release, stimulates bile secretion
Local control of secretion too - paracrine stimulation (cholecystokinin, secretin)

Question 5

Phases of pancreatic enzyme production

Answer 5

Cephalic phase - smelling food
Gastric phase - produces enzyme rich secretion (stimulated by food entering the stomach)
Intestinal phase - when enzymes enter the SI, bicarbonate rich to neutralise stomach acid - feedback loop of paracrine hormones

Question 6

What is secretin

Answer 6

Peptide hormone
Secreted from S cells of SI
27 AA

Question 7

What stimulates release of secretin

Answer 7

Acid in the SI

Question 8

Where are the S cells (where the secretin is released from)

Answer 8

Intestinal crypts

Question 9

What does secretion do?

Answer 9

Stimulates bicarbonate secretion by dictating cells in pancreas and liver, modulates inhibition of gastric acid production
Can also stimulate insulin secretion too
Also increases signals on brown adipose tissue to decrease appetite

Question 11

What are the pancreatic enzymes stimulated by pancreatic acinar cells

Answer 11

Pancreatic peptidases
Pancreatic alpha amylase
Pancreatic lipases
Nucleuses
Monitor peptides

Question 12

Pancreatic peptidases - trypsin

Answer 12

Trypsin can activate other pancreatic peptidases, including itself
Precursor enzymes turned into active enzymes

Question 13

What enzyme activates trypsinogen to trypsin

Answer 13

Enterokinase