In The Begining: From Start To Stomach

Question 1

What functions happen in the mouth

Answer 1

• ingestion
• digestion
• secretion
• mechanically

Question 2

How can drugs be absorbed via the mouth

Answer 2

• sublingual
• buccal

Question 3

Teeth

Answer 3

• inscisors - 4 - 2 on each jaw + 2 more on each
• canine - 4 on top 4 on bottom
• Molars 10 on bottom 10 on bottom

Question 4

Where is the temporal is muscle

Answer 4

Inserts into front process of the mandible
Where the ears are

Question 5

Wheee is the massager muscle

Answer 5

Joins top jaw to bottom jaw

Question 6

What muscles allow the movement of the left and right jaw

Answer 6

Lateral pterygtoid
Medial pterygoid

Question 7

What can stop saliva production

Answer 7

Radiotherapy

Question 8

Salivary glands and special features of each

Answer 8

• parotid - responds to food
• submandibular - mucous saliva
• sublingual - mucous saliva

The smaller the gland, the more severe the cancer

Question 9

Roles of saliva

Answer 9

• lubrication/cleaning
• facilitation of taste
• protection from acid and bacteria
• digestion

Question 10

What is present in the saliva to protect

Answer 10

• antibacterial enzymes - lysosomes and IGa
• bicarbonate
• calcium ions

Question 11

What is in the saliva to digest

Answer 11

Amylase
Lingual lipase

Question 12

Where is saliva produced

Answer 12

Salivon

Question 13

How is saliva produced

Answer 13

• isotonic fluid initially
• passes down salivon
• salt and HCO3- and K+ reabsorbed
• to make alkaline fluid
• flow rate is important

Question 14

Which is the largest salivary gland

Answer 14

Parotid

Question 15

What is the main source of salivary amylase and proline rich proteins

Answer 15

Parotid

Question 16

What nerves supply the parotid gland?

Answer 16

Parasympathic supply via CNIX glossopharyngeal

Sympathetic from superior cervical ganglion

Question 17

Where does lingual lipase work best

Answer 17

Started working in mouth - best in stomach

Question 18

What are the foliate papillae

Answer 18

Lines on side of tongue

Question 19

What are tastebuds

Answer 19

Specialised epithelial cells
- different receptors for tastes
- olfactory nerve relays

Question 20

What is sour stimulus

Answer 20

H+ ions

Question 21

What is salty stimulus

Answer 21

NaCl receptors

Question 22

What is the laryngopharync

Answer 22

Hypopharynx :000000000

Question 23

What phases of swallowing is there

Answer 23

• voluntary phase
• pharyngeal phase
• oesophageal phase

Question 24

How long/wide is the oesophageal

Answer 24

25cm
2cm wide

Question 25

What cells are in the oesophagus

Answer 25

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 26

What secretes mucus to lubricate an facilitate the passage of food bolus in oesophagus

Answer 26

Submucosal oesophageal glands

Question 27

Histology of the oesophagus

Answer 27

Mucosa Submucosa Muscle Adventicia

Question 28

What is the cephalon phase of GI activity

Answer 28

When you get hungry Parasympathetic process Concious and non conc stimulus - salivary secretion - control of GI motility and secretion