GI Week 3 Workbook

Question 1

overview of histological layers in GI

Answer 1

1.Mucosa
2.submucosa
3.muscularis externa
4. Serosa (or adventitia)

Question 2

subdivisions of mucosa

Answer 2

a. Epithelium
b. Lamina propria- connective tissue
c. Muscularis mucosae (interna)

Question 3

subdivisions of muscularis externa

Answer 3

a. Circular muscle
b. Longitudinal muscle

Question 4

4 junctions in GI

Answer 4

1. Gastro -oesophageal junction
2. gastro-duodenal junction
3. ileo-cecal junction
4. Recto - anal junction

Question 5

1.where is protective mucosa found
2.what does it look like
3.epithelium type

Answer 5

1. oesophagus
   2.closely packed straight glands with goblet cells
   3.stratified squamous non keritinisng

Question 6

1.where is secretory mucosa found
2.what does it look like
3.epithelium type

Answer 6

1. stomach
2. tubular glands
3. simple collumnar

Question 7

1.where is absorptive mucosa found
2.what does it look like
3.epithelium type

Answer 7

1. large and small intestine
2. villi with short glands in small, closely packed in large
   3.Columnar epithelium

Question 8

distribution of muscle type in oesophagus

Answer 8

top 1/3 = skeletal
middle = mixed
bottom 1/3 = smooth

Question 9

What secretory cells are present in the stomach x3

Answer 9

chief- near bottom of gland
parietal- all of gland
surface mucous- top of pit

Question 10

type of secretory cell in small intestine
and what they secrete

Answer 10

goblet
mucous

Question 11

what are the crypts of Lieberkühn

Answer 11

Short tubular intestinal glands

Question 12

what type of muscle is musuclaris mucosae

Answer 12

smooth

Question 13

Where, in the gut tube, do glands extend down beyond the muscularis mucosae (interna) into the submucosa?

Answer 13

Oesophagus and duodenum

Question 14

how to tell the difference between 1st and second part of duodenum

Answer 14

if brunners glands are in submucosa i.e after muscularis mucosa = 1st part

Question 15

distinguishing features of jejunum

Answer 15

villi but no peyers patches or brunners glands

Question 16

distinguishing feature of ileum

Answer 16

blue/purple payers patches

Question 17

function of payers patch

Answer 17

immune surveillance

Question 18

What is the predominant cell present in the surface epithelium of large intestine

Answer 18

goblet cells

Question 19

structure of muscularis externa in large intestine

Answer 19

longitudinal thinner than circular
and is not continuous

Question 20

appendix distinguishing features

Answer 20

the mucosa has no villi and fewer goblet cells compared to the colon
It has a ring of lymph follicles in the lamina propria.

Question 21

Main histological features of the Pancreas

Answer 21

• Islets of Langerhans composed of clumps of small poorly stained cells
• Pure serous acini composed of large strongly stained cells

Question 22

The spleen is covered by ……..

Answer 22

dense fibromuscular capsule formed of collagen and elastic fibres
with scattered smooth muscle.

Question 23

where is this from
how can it be identified
epithelium type

Answer 23

oesophagus

Closely packed straight glands
with goblet cells- purple

stratified squamous non keratinising

Question 24

where is this from
how can it be identified
epithelium type

Answer 24

stomach

tubular glands

simple columnar epithelium

Question 25

where is this from how can it be identified epithelium type

Answer 25

small intestine villi with short glands simple columnar

Question 26

where is this from how can it be identified epithelium type

Answer 26

large intestine closely packed villi Stratified squamous non-keratinised

Question 27

whats this from

Answer 27

oesophagus

Question 28

whats this from

Answer 28

stomach

Question 29

whats this from

Answer 29

small intestine

Question 30

whats this from

Answer 30

duodenum

Question 31

whats this from- be specific how can it be identified

Answer 31

small intestine- JEJUNUM villi but no peyers patches or brunner glands

Question 32

whats this from- be specific how can it be identified

Answer 32

small intestine- ILEUM lots of peyers patches- blue

Question 33

whats this from what are the gland things

Answer 33

colon goblet cells- mucous secreting

Question 34

whats this from how can it be identified

Answer 34

appendix no villi fewer goblet cells ring of lymph in the lamina propria.

Question 35

whats this how can you tell what are the 2 types of epithelium in it

Answer 35

anorectal junction epithelium changes halfway through right side: simple columnar left side: stratified squamous epithelium

Question 36

whats this from whats the hexagon shaped thing whats the V whats the T and what does it contain

Answer 36

liver hepatic lobule central vein portal triad hepatic artery, a branch of the portal vein, and a bile duct.

Question 37

what is this from what is the red thing

Answer 37

pancreas islet of langerhaun

Question 38

whats this how can you tell

Answer 38

spleen very purple

Question 39

name A

Answer 39

A = Crypts of Leiberkuhn