anatomy of the eye and orbit

Question 1

3 coats of the eye

Answer 1

fibrous
vascular
sensory

Question 2

what is the fibrous coat made from
and what structures are included in it

Answer 2

collagen

sclera and cornea

Question 3

whats included in vascular coat x3

Answer 3

iris
ciliary body
choriod

Question 4

whats included in sensory coat

Answer 4

retina

Question 5

whats the ora serrata

Answer 5

serrated edge of retina

Question 6

type of collagen in parts of fibrous coat

Answer 6

sclera- irregular and thick
cornea- uniform and fine

Question 7

what part of the eyeball do muscles attatch to

Answer 7

sclera

Question 8

what suspends the lens
and produces AH

Answer 8

ciliary body

Question 9

what does the choriod do

Answer 9

Supplies blood to outer layers of retina

Question 10

ant vs post segment position and liquid type

Answer 10

anterior segment- infront of lens and contains Aqueous Humor(AH) which is WATERY

posterior segment- behind lens and contains Vitreous Humor(VH) which is a GEL

Question 11

what attaches lense to ciliary body

Answer 11

zonules

Question 12

purpose of AH and VH

Answer 12

AH- maintains intraocular pressure

VH- cushions retina

Question 13

further chambers in anterior segment
where they sit

Answer 13

Anterior chamber (AC) in front of iris

Posterior chamber (PC) behind iris but in front of the lens

Question 14

route of AH:
what helps with drainage
where is it absorbed, what angle
where is it absorbed to

Answer 14

trabecular meshwork

in canal of schlem at angle of anterior chamber

veins

Question 15

what gland is found in eyelid
and what is it encapsulated by

Answer 15

meibomian gland
in tarsal plate

Question 16

what is the conjuctiva

Answer 16

thin vascular membrane that covers inner surface of eyelids and loops back over sclera

DOES NOT COVER CORNEA

Question 17

nerve supply to lacrimal gland

Answer 17

parasympathetic from facial nerve

Question 18

tear drainage

Answer 18

through punctae on the medial side of each eyelid

into lacrimal sac

Then through nasolacrimal duct

into inferior meatus of nose

Question 19

imotor innervation: ntrinsic vs extrinsic muscles

Answer 19

Intrinsic muscles – control pupil diameter & lens curvature

Extrinsic muscles - move
the eye.

Question 20

motor innervation: 3 intrinsic muscles
what they do
nerve supply

Answer 20

oculomotor:
1. Ciliaris muscle - lens
2. Constrictor pupillae

Sympathetic:
3. Dilator pupillae

Question 21

motor innervation: were do the recti muscles arise fom

Answer 21

annular fibrous ring

Question 22

see presentation for muscle diagram

Question 23

motor innervation: what muscle opens/closes eyelids

Answer 23

opens- LPS
closes- obicularis oculi

Question 24

motor innervation: 3 nerves that supply extrinsic muscles
what do they supply

Answer 24

oculomotor III- (3 things to remember)
all recti (except lateral)
inf oblique
LPS

trochlear IV- superior oblique

abducent VI- lateral rectus

Question 25

motor innervation: what nerve supplies superior oblique

Answer 25

trochlear VI

Question 26

motor innervation: what nerve supplies lateral rectus

Answer 26

abducens VI

Question 27

motor innervation: what nerve supplies all eye muscles except SO and LR

Answer 27

occulomotor III

Question 28

motor innervation: what nerve supplies LPS

Answer 28

oculomotor III

Question 29

where do the cranial nerves supplying eye leave skull

Answer 29

optic- optic foramen oculomotor, abducens, trochlear- sup orbital fissure

Question 30

sensory innervation: what nerve supplies general sensory and fissures it goes through

Answer 30

trigeminal 2 branches: V1 ophthalmic- upper eyelid and eye ball- sup orbital fissure V2 maxillary- inf orbital fissure

Question 31

what main artery supplies eye what is it a branch of what foramen does it enter through

Answer 31

ophthalmic ICA optic foramen- alongside optic nerve

Question 32

what branch of ophthalmic artery supplies inner retina how does it travel

Answer 32

central retinal artery within optic nerve

Question 33

what branches of ophthalmic supply the posterior choroid and outer retina

Answer 33

Short posterior ciliary arteries

Question 34

what branch of opthalmic artery supplies the anterior choroid, ciliary body and iris

Answer 34

Long posterior ciliary arteries

Question 35

what veins drain the cavernous sinus

Answer 35

sup and inf ophthalmic veins

Question 36

what does the eye develop from

Answer 36

neural tube

Question 37

where do optic vesicles grow from

Answer 37

from diencephalic part of neural tube towards surface ectoderm.

Question 38

steps in formation of optic vesicle x4

Answer 38

optic vesicles lens placode optic cup 2 layered optic cup

Question 39

what does ectoderm form in eye

Answer 39

eyelids, conjunctiva, corneal epithelium first layer so outermost

Question 40

what does mesenchyme form in eye

Answer 40

choroid, stroma of cornea, sclera and extraocular muscles. main middle stuff

Question 41

what does lens fibres form from

Answer 41

epithelium of lens vesicle & later loose their nucleii.