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Yr 2 Anatomy > GI Week 2 Workbook + quiz > Flashcards

GI Week 2 Workbook + quiz Flashcards

(104 cards)

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1
Q

3 constrictions of oesophagus

A

cervical
thoracic
diaphragmatic

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2
Q

What structures pass through the diaphragm at the oesophageal
opening? x5

A
  1. Oesophagus
  2. Oesophageal branches of left gastric artery and vein
  3. Left and right vagus nerves
  4. Lymphatics
  5. Phreno oesophageal ligament
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3
Q

blood supply to abdominal oesophagus x2

A

oesophageal branches of left gastric artery from celiac artery
branches of left inferior phrenic artery

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4
Q

venous drainage to abdominal oesophagus x2

A

-drains into plexuses to the left gastric vein and abdominal azygous

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5
Q

lymph drainage of abdominal oesophagus

A

celiac nodes

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6
Q

what forma pyloric sphincter

A

thickening of circular smooth muscle in muscularis externa

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7
Q

What layers are the gastric folds/rugae formed from?

A

mucosa and submucosa layers

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8
Q

What are the 4 main veins draining the stomach?

A
  1. Left gastric- hepatic portal vein.
  2. Right gastric- hepatic portal vein.
  3. Left gastro-omental- splenic vein then to the hepatic portal
    vein.
  4. Right gastro-omental- superior mesenteric vein then to the
    hepatic portal vein.
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9
Q

where dp nodes of stomach drain to

A

celiac nodes

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10
Q

nerve supply to stomach

A

parasympathetic- vagus
sympathetic- celiac plexus (T6-T9) via the greater splanchnic nerves

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11
Q

what else does vagus do in stomach

A

carry sensations of pain, fullness, and nausea

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12
Q

How many parts does the duodenum have?

A

4

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13
Q

What organ sits within the C shape of the duodenum?

A

pancreas

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14
Q

name for opening in the duodenum where pancreatic and bile fluids enter the
gut tube

what controls it

A

major papilla of vater

sphincter of oddi

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15
Q

what 2 structures come together at major papilla of vater

A

pancreatic duct
common bile duct

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16
Q

jejunum vs ileum
thickness
colour
fat
lymph
vasa recta length

A

jejunum:
thicker
red
less
less
long

ileum:
thinner
pink
more
more- payers patches
short

in general jejunum is bigger and thicker but has t exceptions seen above

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17
Q

Which major blood vessel supplies the jejunum and ileum?

A

Superior mesenteric

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18
Q

Where do the veins surrounding the jejunum and ileum drain to?

A

Superior mesenteric

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19
Q

Which set of lymph nodes does lymph drain to from here?

A

Superior mesenteric to pre aortic

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20
Q

3 features of large intestine

A

tenia coli- bands of longitudinal smooth muscle on the colon
omental appendages- fatty pouches
haustra- bulges

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21
Q

What two structures open into the caecum?

A

ileum
appendix

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22
Q

What is McBurney’s point

A

Site of max tenderness during acute apendicitis

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23
Q

arterial supply of ascending colon x2

A

Ileocolic
right colic arteries

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24
Q

venous supply of ascending colon x2

A

iliocolic
right colic veins

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25
arterial supply of transverse colon x3
right, left and middle colic
26
venous supply of transverse colon x2
superior mesenteric middle colic
27
arterial supply of descending colon x2
left colic sigmoid arteries
28
venous drainage of descending colon x1
inferior mesenteric
29
arterial supply of sigmoid colon x1
sigmoid artery
30
venous supply of sigmoid colon
inferior mesenteric
31
blood and lymph supply of rectum: superior 1/3 and peritonisation
rectal artery rectal vein pararectal lymph node intra
32
blood and lymph supply of rectum: middle 1/3 and peritonisation
middle rectal artery systemic internal ileac vein internal iliac lymph retro
33
blood and lymph supply of rectum: inferior 1/3 and peritonisation
inferior rectal artery systemic internal iliac vein internal iliac nodes extra
34
What is the role of the pelvic floor in maintaining faecal continence?
Muscles allow controlled emptying
35
What other structures are involved in faecal continence? x3
internal anal sphincter external anal sphincter rectal ampulla
36
What is the pectinate line?
the junction between endoderm and ectoderm - cone shaped limit of anal values
37
Name the four lobes of the liver:
1. Left 2. right 3. quadrate 4. caudate
38
Which lobes of the liver cannot be seen from the front?
caudate and quadrate
39
The liver is encapsulated with a.....
fibrous layer known as a capsule.
40
The fibrous layer is innervated by...
lower intercostal nerves
41
What is meant by the term ‘bare area’ of the liver?
No peritoneal- direct contact with diaphragm
42
What is the porta hepatis?
deep fissure in the visceral surface of the liver through which all the neurovascular structures (except hepatic veins) and also hepatic ducts enter or leave
43
5 structures present in the porta hepatis:
1. Portal vein 2. Right and left hepatic artery 3.hepatic nerve plexus 4. Right and left hepatic duct 5. lymph
44
What structures are in the portal triad?
1. hepatic artery 2. common bile duct 3. portal vein
45
Where does the central vein drain to?
hepatic vein
46
The extrahepatic biliary apparatus consists of x5
1. R +L hepatic duct 2. common bile duct 3. Common hepatic duct 4. Gall bladder 5. Cystic duct
47
Where is bile produced?
liver
48
Where is bile stored?
gallbladder
49
Where does bile enter the gut tube?
Through the common bile duct into the ascending duodenum at the sphincter of Odd
50
what is Calot’s triangle made of and contain
cystic duct, common hepatic duct inferior surface of liver contains cystic artery.
51
what actually makes up the ampulla of vater
pancreatic duct and biliary system
52
Which vein is formed posterior to the neck of the pancreas?
Hepatic portal
53
Into which part of the duodenum does the pancreatic duct open?
descending
54
blood supply to pancreas
Arterial supply: coeliac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery. Venous drainage: drain into the splenic or superior mesenteric veins (into the portal system)
55
nerve supply to pancreas x2
coeliac plexus and the superior mesenteric plexus.
56
lymph drainage to pancreas x2
pre-aortic nodes at T12 and to Pre-aortic nodes at L1.
57
In which region of the abdominal cavity is the spleen located?
Left hypochondriac
58
Name the structures in the hilum of spleen:
1. Splenic artery 2. Splenic vein 3.spleenic lymph
59
Functions of the spleen x4:
1. Storage of RBC’s 2. recycle RBC 3. immunity- phagocyte proliferation 4. Phagocytosis
60
coeliac trunk: whats the red artery
coeliac trunk
61
coeliac trunk: whats the blue artery what does it supply
left gastric stomach
62
coeliac trunk: whats the green artery what does it supply
splenic stomach, pancreas, and spleen.
63
coeliac trunk: whats the yellow artery
common hepatic liver
64
SMA: whats the red artery
superior mesenteric
65
SMA: whats the blue artery what does it supply
jejunal arteries and ileam
66
SMA: whats the yellow artery what does it supply
iliocolic ascending colon, appendix, cecum, and ileum
67
SMA: whats the green artery what does it supply
right colic ascending colon
68
SMA: whats the purple artery what does it supply
middle colic 2/3 transverse colon
69
IMA: whats the grey anastamose
marginal artery- combining SMA and IMA
70
IMA: whats the dark green artery what does it supply
left colic last 1/3 of transverse colon all of descending colon
71
IMA: whats the light green artery what does it supply
sigmoid artery descending and sigmoid colon
72
IMA: whats the blue artery
superior rectal
73
where does venous drainage go in the gut
to hepatic portal vein to liver then eventually IVC
74
whats the purple vein
hepatic veins
75
whats the dark and light red veins
dark = left renal vein light = right renal vein
76
hepatic vs hepatic portal vein
hepatic portal carries nutrient rich blood TO the liver for filtering hepatic carries filtered blood AWAY from liver to IVC
77
identify: a) orange b) purple c) light blue lables
a) hepatic artery b) hepatic portal vein- to LIVER c) hepatic vein- to IVC
78
whats the blue vein
left common iliac
79
whats the dark and lightblue artery
dark = right gastro epiploic light = left gastro epiploic
80
whats the dark blue lobe
caudate
81
whats the grey bit
bare area
82
whats the green thing
gall bladder
83
whats the light blue bit
quadrate lobe
84
whats the red bit
porta hepatis
85
whats the dark and light purple lobes
dark = right lobe light = left lobe
86
whats the light and dark blue bits
light = falciform ligament dark = =round ligament
87
whats the red and blue bits
red = right hepatic duct blue = left hepatic duct
88
whats the purple bit
common hepatic duct
89
whats the dark green bit
cystic duct
90
whats the light green bit
common bile duct
91
what are the dark and light purple bits
dark= main pancreatic duct light = accesory pancreatic duct
92
whats B
IVC
93
What veins join to form vein C
superior mesenteric and splenic veins
94
What organ is related posteriorly at the impression on the liver D
transverse colon
95
whats E What embryological structure is E a remnant of
round ligament umbilical vein
96
What structure is related posteriorly at the region labelled G?
stomach
97
Which artery is the cystic artery most commonly a branch of
right hepatic
98
what arteries supply what curvature of the stomach
lesser curvature = left gastric greater curvature = left gastro-EPIPLOIC
99
what is a is a derivative of the dorsal mesogastrium
greater omentum
100
what artery supplies the post wall at the first part of the duodenum
gastro-duodenal
101
Which of the following is NOT in contact with the spleen? Select one: a. Stomach b. Diaphragm c. Pancreas d. Colon e. Duodenum
duodenum
102
To which group of lymph nodes does lymph from the caecum drain
sup mesenteric pre aortic
103
whats B
Left renal vein
104
What type of investigation is shown in the image below
. Endoscopic retrograde cholagio pancreatography

Yr 2 Anatomy (26 decks)

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