Neuro Workbook 2 + all diagrams from week 1 and 2 Flashcards
(154 cards)
1
Q
what kind of fibres pass through the corpus callosum
A
commisural
2
Q
what does the fornix do
A
connects hippocampus to mamillary body
3
Q
what are basal ganglia
A
collections of neuronal cell bodies
4
Q
5 basal ganglia
A
Caudate nucleus
putamen
globus pallidus
Subthalamic nucleus
substantia nigra
5
Q
what makes up the lentiform nucleas
A
putamen and
globus pallidus
6
Q
what’s the septum pellucidum
A
is a thin sheet that separates the
anterior horns of the two lateral ventricles.
7
Q
where is the caudate nucleus and what does it look like
A
Identify a bulbous projection on the floor of the lateral ventricle.
8
Q
what does the thalamus do
A
its a sensory relay area
9
Q
what part of the thalamus does does most of the general sensory info pass through
A
ventro-postero-lateral (VPL) nucleus
10
Q
Where are the colliculi (a component of the midbrain) in relation to the pineal gland?
A
inferior
11
Q
what is the internal capsule made of
A
myelinated axons- white matter
12
Q
What is the name given to fibres that connect the cerebral hemispheres with other parts of the brain?
and where can they be found
A
projection
internal capsule
13
Q
Which cerebral artery through one of its branches supplies the internal capsule?
A
MCA
14
Q
whats this
A
substancia nigra
15
Q
Where would the red nucleus be in relation to the substantia nigra, anterior or
posterior to it?
A
anterior
16
Q
what type of fibres does the cerebral peduncles contain
A
motor
sensory
17
Q
in spine which is grey or white matter
A
Grey matter – IN
White matter- OUT
white appears darkly stained
18
Q
which part of spinal chord is anterior
and what type of fibres
A
fat bit- ventral = anterior
19
Q
What is the name of the hole in the middle of the spinal cord and what does it contain?
A
Central canal- contains CSF
20
Q
what does the spinothalmic tract send
A
sensory- pain and temp
thalmic- sounds like temp
21
Q
what does dorsal column send
A
all sensory apart from pain and temp
22
Q
what does corticospinal tract send
A
voluntary motor
cortic-brain
spinal- spine so is descending
23
Q
where does spinothalmic tract cross and synapse
A
as soon as it entres the spine
24
Q
where does the dorsal column cross
A
in the medulla
25
where does the corticospinal tract cross
in medulla
26
Which of the cranial nerves have a parasympathetic component?
3. 7,9,10
oculomotor
facial,
glossopharyngeal
vagus nerves
27
Which cranial nerve(s) are attached directly to the brain?
1 and 2- first so start early
Olfactory and optic
28
Which cranial nerve(s) are attached directly to the midbrain?
3 and 4
Oculomotor, trochlear
29
Which is the only cranial nerve to arise from the posterior aspect of the brain?
4- trochlear
30
Which cranial nerve(s) are attached directly to the pons?
V- trigeminal
31
Which cranial nerve(s) are attached directly to the pontomedullary junction?
6, 7, 8
abducens nerve
facial nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
32
Which cranial nerve(s) are attached directly to the medulla?
9, 10, 11, 12
glossopharyngeal
vagus
accessory
hypoglossal
33
way to work out what nerves come out of what part of the brain
working the way down-
2 - brain
2 - midbrain
1 - posterior brain
1 - pons
3 - pontomedullary junction
4 -medulla
34
Which cranial nerve can be tested by the pupillary light reflex?
occulomotor
35
Which cranial nerve can be tested by touch over the surface of the cheek? x3
Trigeminal mandibular
maxillary V2 + 3
36
What cranial nerve would you be testing if you asked the patient to stick their tongue out?
hypoglossal
37
what vertebral level is this
cervical
short ventral horn
38
what vertebral level is this
thoracic
look for sticky out bit in middle
39
what vertebral level is this
lumbar
generally much thicker
40
what vertebral layer is this
sacral
huge ventral horn
41
whats the green tract
what does it carry
dorsal column
all sensation except pain and temp
42
what are the light and dark blue tracts
what do they carry
light = lateral
dark= ant
corticospinal tracts
voluntary movement
43
what are the orange and yellow tracts
orange = lat
yellow = ant
spinothalamic tracts
pain and tempurature
44
parts of the corpus collosum: whats the brown part
splenium
S is near end of the alphabet so is the end of corpus
45
parts of the corpus collosum: whats the blue part
body
46
parts of the corpus collosum: whats the pink part
genu
genu "like new" so not quite first- second
47
parts of the corpus collosum: whats the green part
rostrum
roosters call in the morning- start
48
whats the pink box
calcarine sulcus
49
whats the dark blue box
cerebral aquaduct
50
whats the light blur box
4th ventricle
51
whats the red box
superior colliculi
52
whats the dark blue box
lateral ventricle
53
whats the light blue box
third ventricle
54
whats the deep red box
thalamus
55
whats the purple box
and what does it do x2
caudate nucleas
56
whats in the green box
lentiform nucleas
57
whats in the orange box
what does it do
internal capsule
allows communication between brain, brainstem and spine- projection fibres
58
overall function of the basal ganglia
feedbacks sensory info to cortex- helping to refine movements
also has a role in memory and emotion
59
whats the grey box
corpas collosum
60
whats in the light blue box
lateral ventricles
61
whats in the pink box
pons
62
whats in the dark blue box
cerebral aquaduct
63
whats in the blue box
putamen
64
whats in the pink box
internal capsule
65
whats in the pink box
ciliary ganglion
66
whats in the blue box
optic nerve
67
whats in the green box
trochlear
68
whats in the red box
sup devision of oculomotor
69
whats in the purple box
abducens
70
whats the orange structure
and what does it do
middle cerebeller peduncle
71
what artery serves the red area
MCA
72
what artery serves the yellow area
ACA
73
what artery serves the blue area
PCA
74
whats the green sulcus
central sulcus
75
whats the orange sulcus
parieto-occipital sulcus
76
whats the yellow sulcus
calcarine
77
whats the dark blue sulcus
congulate sulcus
78
whats the red sinus
superior saggital sinus
79
whats the pink sinus
inferior saggital sinus
80
whats the dark red vein
IJV
81
whats the light blue sinus
sigmoid
82
whats the orange sinus
transverse sinus
83
whats the green sinus
straight
84
whats in the grey box
confluence of sinuses
85
name for the thing that produces CSF
choriod plexus
86
hard function of the post central sulcus
GENERAL sensory
special sensory done via cranial nerves
87
whats the yellow lobe
vermis
88
grey lobe
anterior lobe
89
brown lobe
posterior lobe
90
dark red lobe
tonsil
91
blue thing
flocculonodular lobe
92
whats the blue area
what number is it
what does it control
pre central gyrus
4
primary motor- voluntary
93
what is the red area
what number is it
what does it control
post central gyrus
3,1,2
somatosensory- proprioception
94
what is the orange area
what number is it
what does it control
wernikes area
22
comprehension of speech
95
what is the purple area
what number is it
what does it control
brocas area
44,45
motor control of speech
96
what is the yellow area
what number is it
primary auditory cortex
41
97
what is the green area
what is its number
primary visual cortex
17
98
whats the purple thing
and what does it do
thalamus
sensory relay system
99
whats the pink thing
what does it have a role in
mamillary body
memory
100
whats the red thing
what does it have a role in
hipocampus
learning and memory
101
whats the blue thing
what does it too
fornix
connects mamillary bodies to hippocampus
102
whats the blue thing
lateral ventrical
103
whats the yellow thing
fornix
104
what is the red thing
whats sitting just above
what do either do
inferior colliculi
superior colliculi
sup- integrates sensory info to ensure head and eyes are looking at right thing
inf- integrates sound info
105
what are the dark and light green things
dark = caudate nucleas
ligh = thalamus
106
what are the light and dark red things
light = internal capsule
dark= hippocampus
107
what is the yellow thing
fornix
108
grey = grey
white = white
simple in the brain- opposite spinal cord
109
what are the light and dark blue things
light = 3rd ventrical
dark = choriod plexus
110
what tract is this
what does it transmit
spinothalamic- crosses straight away
pain and tempurature
111
what tract is this
what does it transmit
dorsal column- uses dorsal horn
all sensory
112
what tract is this
what does it transmit
corticospinal tract- does through ventral horn
voluntary movement
113
whats the yellow nerve
facial- 7
114
whats the dark purple nerve
vestibulocochlear- 8
115
whats the light purple nerve
glossopharyngeal- 9
116
whats the orange nerve
vagus- 10
117
whats the dark blue nerve
accessory- 11
118
whats the light blue nerve
hypoglossal- 12
119
whats the pink nerve
abducent- 6
120
whats the light yellow nerve
olfactory- 1
121
whats the light blue nerve
optic- 2
122
whats the dark blue nerve
occulomotor- 3
123
whats the orange nerve
trochlear- 4
124
whats the red nerve
trigeminal- 5
125
whats the purple bit
olfactory bulb
126
whats the blue bit
olfactory tract
127
whats the yellow bit- be specific
cribiform plate in the ETHMOID bone
128
whats the purple bit
and what is its function
lateral geniculate body
relay center in the thalamus for the visual pathway- sends optic nerve info to occipital lobe
129
whats the blue bit
optic radiation
130
whats the green bit
and what does it do
Pretectum
Controls reflexes of
pupil and lense
131
what are the dark and light blue nerves
dark = ophthalmic trigeminal
light = supraorbital
branch of trigeminal
132
what are the red and pink nerves
red = maxillary trigeminal
pink = Ant superior alveolar
branch of maxillary
133
what are the 3 green nerves
dark = mandibular trigeminal
lime = inferior alveolar of mandibular
light = lingual of mandibular
134
whats the purple nerve
chordae tympani
135
whats the yellow nerve
parotid plexus
136
whats the yellow thing
parotid gland
137
whats the red thing
carotid sinus
138
what nerve is this
accesory- 11
139
what nerve is this
hypoglossal- 12
140
identify B
insula
141
identify C
3rd ventrical
142
identify A and B
A = oculomotor
B = abducens
143
identify C
trochlear
144
What four cranial nerves carry parasympathetic fibres
3,7, 9, 10
145
identify A
what type of fibres are present in it
chordae tympani
special sensory and parasympathetic
146
identify A
cricothyroid muscle
147
what is B
what does it innervate
recurrent laryngeal nerve- branch of X
Intrinsic laryngeal muscles
148
what type of fibres does A contain
commiseral- corpus collosum
149
what is A
what does it do
septum pellucidum
seperate the 2 lateral ventricals
150
whats B
genu- not curved round yet so not rostrum
151
whats C
fornix
152
what region of the spine is this from
cervical
153
whats A and B
A = caudate nucleus
B = internal capsule
154
whats C
globus pallidus- smaller bit = globus
