GWA Middle East Test Prt. 1

Question 1

What continent(s) is the Middle East in?

Answer 1

Europe, Asia, & Africa

Question 2

Define Middle East

Answer 2

Region between Europe & distant parts of Asia

Question 3

What other name is the Middle East referred to

Answer 3

Near East

Question 4

What is the nickname of the Middle East? Why?

Answer 4

“Crossroads”: Connects 3 continents

Question 5

Why is the Middle East so valuable

Answer 5

1) Oil reserves; 49% comes from M.E.
2) Sea & trade routes; Suez canal built by French & Bosporus strait and Dardanelles

Question 6

What region of the M.E. stretches from Turkey to Northern Iran

Answer 6

Northern Tier

Question 7

What region of the M.E. is the World’s largest peninsula

Answer 7

Arabian Peninsula

Question 8

What region of the M.E. stretches eastward from the Mediterranean sea to the Persian Gulf

Answer 8

Fertile Crescent

Question 9

What region of the M.E. is the land area surrounding the Nile River

Answer 9

Nile Valley

Question 10

What region of the M.E. goes from N. Africa and lands along the Mediterranean sea

Answer 10

The Maghreb (Mag-er-eb)

Question 11

When did the world’s first civilization begin

Answer 11

3500 B.C.

Question 12

What does Civitas mean

Answer 12

City

Question 13

Where did the first civilization rise from

Answer 13

Mesopotamia

Question 14

Where is Mesopotamia located today (country)

Answer 14

Iraq

Question 15

What does Mesopotamia mean

Answer 15

“The Land Between the Rivers”

Question 16

What two rivers is Mesopotamia located between

Answer 16

Tigris & Euphrates River

Question 17

What region is Mesopotamia located in

Answer 17

Fertile Crescent

Question 18

The 1st civilization developed in southern Mesopotamia, What was it called

Answer 18

Sumeria

Question 19

How many independent city-states in Sameria comprised of

Answer 19

12 (Ex: Ur [The oldest], Lagash, Uruk, Eridu)

Question 20

What was the one specual feature that each city-state had in Sumeria

Answer 20

Ziggurat

Question 21

What was the purpose of a Ziggurat

Answer 21

Place of worship; Polytheism

Question 22

What was the religion of Sumer

Answer 22

Polytheism

Question 23

What was the one of the chief gods in Sumer called? Translation?

Answer 23

Sin/Nanna; “The Moon God”

Question 24

What was around the base of the Ziggurat

Answer 24

Bazaar

Question 25

What was the purpose of a Bazaar

Answer 25

Marketplace (Barter/trade for goods)

Question 26

What great inventions did the Sumerians create (3)

Answer 26

-Sail -Wagon wheel -Arch

Question 27

What was the Sumerian's writing system called (First writing system in the world)

Answer 27

Cuneiform (Sound/Idea)

Question 28

Those who mastered Cuneiform were called what

Answer 28

Scribe

Question 29

What did Scribes use to sketch their clay tablets

Answer 29

Stylus

Question 30

Who was able to decipher Cuneiform in the 1840's? Where?

Answer 30

Sir Henry Rawlinson (English Archaeologist) in Western Iran Czargos Mt.

Question 31

What was the rock that was deciphered called

Answer 31

Behistun rock

Question 32

Mesopotamia is home to the world's first Empire around 2350 B.C. During this time, who conquered all 12 Sumerian city-states

Answer 32

Sargon the Great of Akkad

Question 33

What did Hammurabi of Babylon do

Answer 33

In 1709 B.C. he also conquered most of Mesopotamia and gave the world its first set of written laws

Question 34

What was the world's first set of written laws called

Answer 34

Hammurabi's code

Question 35

What was one rule of Hammurabi's code

Answer 35

-Strike your father, they shall cut your hand (eye for an eye rule)

Question 36

What is the world's oldest known literacy work in Mesopotamia

Answer 36

The Epic of Gilgamesh

Question 37

What is the story of The Epic of Gilgamesh about

Answer 37

King of Uruk & his travels to the after life

Question 38

Where was the Egyptian civilization located (which region)

Answer 38

Nile River

Question 39

How long is the Nile river

Answer 39

4160 miles

Question 40

What were the two areas of Ancient Egypt

Answer 40

-Lower Egypt -Upper Egypt (Bottom part of the river)

Question 41

Which region of Ancient Egypt did most people settle? Why?

Answer 41

Lower Egypt; more fertile soil

Question 42

How long did the Egyptian civilization last

Answer 42

3100 B.C. - 332 (30) B.C.