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GWA (After Latin A.) > GWA Middle East Test Prt. 3 > Flashcards

GWA Middle East Test Prt. 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 2nd most worshiped religion

A

Islam

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2
Q

What is the 1st most worshiped religion

A

Christianity

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3
Q

What % of the world worships Islam

A

24% (1.9 billion)

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4
Q

List five countries in Asia that predominantly worship Islam

A

Libya, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Yemen

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5
Q

Where did Islam start

A

In the Arabian Peninsula

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6
Q

Who started Islam

A

Muhammad

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7
Q

Where was Muhammad born? Year?

A

Mecca; 570 A.D.

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8
Q

What is Arab Holy City

A

Mecca

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9
Q

What religious shrine does Mecca (Holy City) contain

A

Kaaba

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10
Q

What stone does Mecca hold

A

Black Stone

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11
Q

Where do Muslims believe the Black stone came from

A

Was a gift sent from heaven and placed within the shrine

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12
Q

What was Muhammed’s job when raised by his uncle

A

Bedouin

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13
Q

Define Bedouin

A

Arab nomad, leading trade caravans across the desert, typically by camel

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14
Q

At the age of 25, who did Muhammed go to work for

A

Khadijah

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15
Q

Who is Khadijah

A

A widow who Muhammed eventually married

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16
Q

What type (mono/polytheism) did Arabs practice before

A

Polytheism

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17
Q

At the age of 40, who did Muhammed see

A

The angel Gabriel (at Mt. Hira)

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18
Q

What did Gabriel inform Muhammed of

A

Muhammed was to be a messenger/prophet of God

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19
Q

For the next 12 years after Gabriel, Muhammed informed people of the messages he was receiving. What did this information become?

A

The Koran (Holy book of Islam)

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20
Q

How is the Holy book of Islam divided up

A

Into Sura (chapters)

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21
Q

Who was ordered to write the Koran

A

Abu Bakar (Muslim Leader)

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22
Q

What were the 2 problems Islam faced

A

1) Most Arabs were polytheistic & refused to worship this ‘1’ God
2) Angry merchants in Mecca banned Muhammed & his followers from the city

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23
Q

What is God’s name to Muslims

A

Allah

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24
Q

What was the name of those who converted & followed the Muhammed

A

Hanifs

25
Q

When did Khadijah (Muhammed’s wife) die

A

622 A.D.

26
Q

Where did Muhammed take his followers after his wife died

A

Yathrib

27
Q

What did Yathrib change it’s name to

A

Medina

28
Q

What is Medina also called

A

“City of the Prophet”

29
Q

What was the migration of the followers called

A

Hajira (Hagira)

30
Q

What year did the migration to Medina become known as on the Muslim calendar

A

Year 1

31
Q

What year did Muhammed take his followers back to Mecca and capture the city (after his “army” had grown)

A

630 A.D.

32
Q

What was the Muslim war against non-believers called

A

Jihad

33
Q

What year did Muhammed die

A

632 A.D.

34
Q

What are elected Successors called in Islam

A

Caliphs (or Khalifa = successor)

35
Q

What were some Caliphs

A

Abu Bakar, Omar, Ali

36
Q

Who did the new Caliphs conquer to expand their empire

A

They conquered the Byzantines & Persians

37
Q

How far did the Islam empire expand

A

Throughout North Africa & into Europe by taking over most of Spain

38
Q

Which Caliph was assassinated in 661 A.D.

A

Ali

39
Q

Who took over after Ali was assassinated

A

The Omayyad Family

40
Q

What was the result of the Omayyad family

A

Division of Islam

41
Q

Who did the Shia’s believe in

A

Believed Ali as Muhammed’s legitimate successor and were opposed to Umayyad’s rule

42
Q

Who did the Sunni’s believe

A

Followers of the Umayyad Family and its successors

43
Q

Which of the two divisions of Islam (Shia & Sunni) is larger today

A

Sunni’s (85%)

44
Q

Where are most Shias located (countries)

A

Iran & Bahrain

45
Q

Does Islam have priests

A

No

46
Q

What are Jesus & Abraham considered in Islam

A

Prophets of God

47
Q

To gain salvation, what strict moral code do Muslims have to follow (some Ex.)

A

No alcohol, gambling, or eating certain foods like pork

48
Q

What are the Five Pillars of Islam (Defintion)

A

(Religious Duties) - Rules followed by all Muslims which brings unity to the Islamic world

49
Q

That is the 1st Pillar of Islam

A

Shahadah

50
Q

What is Shahadah

A

Statement of Faith

51
Q

That is the 2nd Pillar of Islam

A

Salah

52
Q

What is Salah

A

Prayer = 5 times/day & face the closest direction of Mecca)

53
Q

That is the 3rd Pillar of Islam

A

Zakat

54
Q

What is Zakat

A

Charity = alms(giving)

55
Q

That is the 4th Pillar of Islam

A

Sawm

56
Q

What is Sawm

A

Fasting = Month of Ramadan

57
Q

That is the 5th Pillar of Islam

A

Hajj

58
Q

What is Hajj

A

Pilgrimage = Go to Mecca (If able)

GWA (After Latin A.) (40 decks)

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