Health inequalities Flashcards
(26 cards)
who definition of health
being a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Biopsychosocial model of health
holistic model of health which brings together three areass that contribute to health
1. Biomedical
2. Psychosocial
3. Social
It recognises that all of these elements interact and impact on our health, so that the person and conntext in which they live their life is taken into account as well as the influence of biology
what country has the highest life expectancy
japan - 84.3 years
what country has the lowest life expectancy
lesotho - 50.7 years
social determinents of health definition
circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work and age, and systems put in place to deal with illness. These circumstances are in turn shaped by a wider set of forces.
Examples of social determinants
income
education
unemployment
job insecurity
working life conditions
food insecurity
housing
early childhood development
equality def
everyone gets the same resources
equity def
everyone gets the same outcomes, with resources distributed according to need.
equal outcomes
through the removal of structural barriers
covid inequalities
age, man, country, ethnic background, born otuside of uk, living in care home, nurse, taxi driver, security guard
what is HPV
human papillomavirus
sexually transmitted infection
more than 200 types
how does hpv affect health
genital warts
implicated in 5% of all canncers
90% of anal cancers
and cervical cancer
what is the 90-70-90 target
90% of vaccination
70-% screen
90% treatment for cancerous cells
cervical screening in uganda
-rural areas cause screening issues
4.8% - 30%
-embarrassment
cervical screening in UK
saves 2000 lives per year
what is HPV primary screening
replaces cytology based screening
sample tested for HPV
opportunity for self testing
list some dimensions of inequity
ethnicity, socioeconomic status, sexual minorities, age, sexual trauma, disability
what is the estimated amount of the worlds population with a disability
15%
inequalities between disabled and non disabled people (2021)
-less likely to have a degree
-more likely to have no qualifications
-lower employment rates
-lower rates of happiness
-higher rates of anxiety
-higher risk of delayed diagnosis and cancer mortalilty, because of lower screening
medical model of disability
-the problem is the disabled person.
social model of disability
the problem is the disabling world
key disabling barriers from a social model approach include
-attitudinal barriers
-physical barriers
-information/communication barriers
correlation between cervical screening and disability
unable due to condition
assumed not to be sexually active
hard to attend screening
HPV vaccination in the UK
reduction in cervical cancer
88% reduction in CIN grade 2 or worse
school based vaccination
