Leadership

Question 1

What is leadership

Answer 1

a process of social influence through which an individual enlists and mobilises the aid of others in the attainment of a collective goal

Question 2

what is NOT leadership

Answer 2

social influence/compliance
-exercise of power
-conformity to norms

Question 3

why does leadership matter

Answer 3

increases the value of companies by millions
better sprot leaders - more sucessful at winning games

Question 4

what makes a successful leader

Answer 4

personality determinants
situational determinants
interactionist perspectives

Question 5

assumptions that leaders are BORN, not made

Answer 5

-more confident, talkative, more physically attractive, more extroverted, open, conscientious, avove average intelligence
BUT THESE CORRELATIONS ARE WEAK, around 0.2-0.3
-incosistency

Question 6

what is the dark triad of personality and leadership

Answer 6

-narcissism
-psycopathy
-machiavellianism

Question 7

different leadership styles

Answer 7

autocratic
democratic
laissez-faire

Question 8

task focused leadership

Answer 8

concerned with achieving the aims and goals of the group by focusing on the tasks needed to achieve those goals

Question 9

socioemotional leadership

Answer 9

concerned with group dynamics and esnuring that the group members from a cohesive and friendly group

Question 10

Contigency Theory - Fiedler

Answer 10

Effectiveness of a leader is contingent upon how well leadership style matches the situation/task at hand

Question 11

situational control is determined by

Answer 11

-quality of leader member relations
- the clarity of the structure of the task
-legitimacy of the leaders authority

Question 12

low situational control

Answer 12

group needs guidance to acheive its goals, less time for building relationships with group members -> task orientated

Question 13

high situational control

Answer 13

leader member relations are already positive; leader can isntead focus on achieving the groups goals -> task oriented

Question 14

moderate control

Answer 14

leader does not have total control of the grouo, or the task structure is unclear -> socioemotional

Question 15

critical evalution of contingency theory

Answer 15

-meta-analysis has supported this theory
-low test retest reliability
-focuses on people who score high or low on the LPC

Question 16

list some inequalities in leadership

Answer 16

-gender
-race
-ethnicity

Question 17

glass ceiling

Answer 17

-underrepresentation of women/minorities in leadership positions could be due to what is referred to as a glass ceiling
- a metaphor to represent invisible and systemic barriers that prevent women and other minotiries from rising to leadership positions within organisations

Question 18

stereotypes

Answer 18

beliefs about the charactersitics, attributes and behaviours of members of a particular social group

Question 19

think manager - think male

Answer 19

traits rated as characteristic of men also rated as characteristics of managers of succesful companies - decisive, dominant, able to seperate feeling from ideas, hides emotions

Question 20

think crisis - think female

Answer 20

traits rated characteristic of women were also rated as desirable for managers of UNSUCCESSFUL commpanies - understanding, modest, sympathetic, sentimental, intuitive, aware of the feelings of others.

Question 21

prejudice

Answer 21

negative evaluation of a social group or individual that is significantly based on the individuals group membership

Question 22

implications of glass cliff

Answer 22

-type of leadership opportunites that are available are limitied
-women/minorities in glass cliff leadership positions face an uphill battle and may inherently fail