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Anatomy > Heart and Pericardium > Flashcards

Heart and Pericardium Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

Lub sound is caused by?

A

closure of TV and MV

Dub - closure of AV and PV

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2
Q

The orientation the apex of the heart is?

A

downward, forward, left at 5th ICS, 9cm from the midline

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3
Q

Remnants of the heart and their adult counterpart (3)

A

Foramen Ovale = Fossa Ovalis
Ductus arteriosis = Ligamentum arteriosus
Ductus Venosus = ligamentum venosus

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4
Q

The pulmonary valve has two anterior cusps and one posterior cusp. The aortic valve on the other hand has?

A

one anterior cusp, 2 posterior cusp

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5
Q

True or false The left ventricle has moderator band?

A

False. The left ventricle has NO moderator band.

The right ventricle has moderator band.

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6
Q

Trace the flow of the blood from the liver

A

Liver –> IVC –> RA –>TV–> RV –> PV –>LA –>MV –>LV –> AV –> aorta

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7
Q

___ coronary artery arises from the anterior aortic sinus of the ascending aorta

A

RCA

LCA - from posterior aortic sinus

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8
Q

____ drains blood from the cardiac vein directly the RA

A

coronary sinus

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9
Q

____ is composed of papillary muscle and moderator band (cite location)

A

Trabeculae carnae, RV

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10
Q

The pericardium encloses what structures

A
  1. Heart

2. Roots of the greatevessels

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11
Q

What is the function of the fibrous pericardium?

A

It limits unecessary movement of the hear

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12
Q

What ligament attaches the fibrous pericardium to the sternum

A

Sternopericardial ligament

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13
Q

Normal mL of pericardial fluid

A

30mL

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14
Q

Where will you insert the needle when you do a pericardiocentesis

A

Left 5th or 6ths ICS near the sternum

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15
Q

What are the layers pierced by the needle during pericardiocentesis?

A
  1. Skin
  2. Subcutaneous fascia
  3. Rectus sheath
  4. Rectus abdominis
  5. Fibrous layer
  6. Serous layer
  7. Parietal pericardium
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16
Q

What is the direction of the heart apex

A

downward, forward, left

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17
Q

[Surface Anatomy]

the heart apex is located

A

5th ICS LMCL 9am from midline

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18
Q

The base of the heart is composed largely of what chamber?

A

LA

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19
Q

The apex of the heart is composed largely of what chamber?

A

LV

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20
Q

____ external vertical groove that forms

A

sulcus terminali

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21
Q

____ junction of the sinus venosus and RA proper

A

crista terminalis

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22
Q

____ posterior to the crista terminalis that is a smooth portion

A

sinus venarum

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23
Q

what makes the RA rough?

A

musculi pectini

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24
Q

This heart chamber houses the moderator band

A

RV

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25
the moderator band in the RV is attached to what walls of the heart
septal and anterior
26
trabeculae carnae is seen in what heart chamber?
RV
27
the cusps of the aortic valve are placed where?
1 anteriorly 2 posteriorly 1,2 Aortic
28
The anterior sinus of the aortic valve gives rise to ____
Right coronary artery Remember: Left Coronary artery = Likod = Posterior
29
What valve is attached to the chordae tendinae
Tricuspid | Mitral
30
The cusps of the tricuspid valve are arranged ___
anterior septal inferior
31
The cusps of the pulmonic valve is arranged:
2 anterior 1 posterior 2,1 pulmonic
32
[Surface anatomy] the tricuspid valve can be heart at
lower end of sternum
33
[Surface anatomy] the mitral valve is best heard ata
5th ICS LMCL
34
The pulmonic valve is best heard at?
2nd L ICS
35
The aortic valve is best heard at
2nd R ICS
36
Physiologic closing is due to ____
delayed closure of pulmonic valve on inspiration
37
S3 is normal in ___
children
38
What arterial branch supplies the apex of the heart
LAD
39
What artery supplies the left atrium and ventricle?
circumflex branch of the left coronary artery
40
What artery supplies the interventricular septum?
Anterior interventricular artery of the left coronary
41
What artery supplies the right ventricle?
1. Anterior interventricular artery | 2. Marginal branch of right coronary
42
What artery supplies the right atrium?
right coronary arter
43
What is the blood supply of the SA?
RCA (60%)
44
What is the parasympathetic supply of the heart?
vagus nerve
45
The RCA drains to what LN?
Anterior mediastinal
46
The LCA drains to when LN?
tracheobronchial node
47
The AV node is located near ____
coronary sinus
48
[Placement of ECG leads] V1 lead
4th ICS, right of sternum
49
[Placement of ECG leads] V4
5th ICS LMCL
50
[Placement of ECG leads] V5
5th ICS LAAL
51
[Placement of ECG leads] V6
5th ICS LMAL
52
[Coronary Arteries and infarct location with ECG] I AVL V1-V6
Proximal LAD, large anterior wall
53
[Coronary Arteries and infarct location with ECG] V2-V4
Anteroapical, Distal LAD
54
[Coronary Arteries and infarct location with ECG] II, III, aVF
Inferior wall, distal LAD
55
[Coronary Arteries and infarct location with ECG] V1-V3
Anteroseptal, distal LAD
56
[Coronary Arteries and infarct location with ECG] V4-V6
Posterolatera, circumflex
57
The musculi pectini is seen on the __ (anterior/posterior) side of the RA
anterior
58
The sinus venarum is seen on the __ (anterior/posterior) side of the RA
posterior
59
What do you call the irregular muscle ridges seen on the internal surface of the right ventricle
trabeculae carna
60
___ is a modified trabeculae carnae that crosses the interventricular septum
moderator band
61
What is the most posterior of the 4 heart chambers?
left atrium
62
[Right/Left ventricle] Cresenteric cavity
RV
63
[Right/Left ventricle] presence of moderator band
RV
64
[Right/Left ventricle] circular cavity
LV
65
[Heart Embryology] When will the heart tube elongates and bends?
Day 23
66
[Heart Embryology] The primitive atrium forms the ____
left atrium
67
[Heart Embryology] the sinus venosus gives rise to ____
right atrium
68
[Heart Embryology] the bulbus cordis forms the ____
Right ventricle
69
[Heart Embryology] the primitive ventricle forms the ____
left ventricle
70
[Heart Embryology] the truncus arteriorus gives rise to?
root of the aorta and the pulmonary trunk
71
What are the components of TOF
1. Pulmonary stenosis 2. VSD 3. Overriding aorta 4. RVH
72
[Fetal Circulation] Trace the pathway for Oxygenated blood
1. Umbilical vein 2. Ductus Venosus 3. IVC 4. RA 5. Foramen Ovale 6. Left Atrium 7. Left Ventricle 8. Aorta
73
[Fetal Circulation] Trace the pathway for deoxygenated blood
1. SVC 2. RA 3. RV 4. Pulmonary trunk 5. Ductus arteriosus 6. Aorta
74
[Fetal Circulation] what shunts become close as soon as the baby is born?
1. Foramen ovale 2. Ductus arteriosus 3. Umbilical vessels
75
[Adult derivatives of fetal vascular structures] Ligamentum teres
Umbilical vein
76
Medial umbilical ligament
UmbilicaL arterues
77
[Adult derivatives of fetal vascular structures] Ligamentum venosus
Ductus venosus
78
[Adult derivatives of fetal vascular structures] Ligamentum arteriosum
Ductus arteriosus
79
[Adult derivatives of fetal vascular structures] median umbilical ligament
remnant of urachus
80
The closure of the foramen ovale and fossa ovalis occus in ___ month after birth?
3rd
81
Congenital rubella infection is associated with what anomaly?
PDA
82
In PDA, the aortic blood is shunted to the?
pulmonary artery
83
[Aortic Arch derivatives] The first pair gives rise to
maxillary artery
84
[Aortic Arch derivatives] the second pair gives rise to
stapedial arteries
85
[Aortic Arch derivatives] The proximal part of the third pair gives rise to
Common Carotid Artery
86
[Aortic Arch derivatives] the distal parts of the third pair gives rise to
Internal carotid artery
87
[Aortic Arch derivatives] the fifth pair gives rise to
NONE! Yes NONE
88
[Adult derivatives of fetal vascular structures] The venous drainage are composed of ___
1. Umbilical or allantoic or placental veins 2. Vitelline or omphalomesenteric vein 3. cardinal vein 4. Umbilical vein
89
[Adult derivatives of fetal vascular structures] this venous drainage system receives returning blood from the splanchopleyra to become the portal system
Omphalomesenteric veins or vitelline
90
[Adult derivatives of fetal vascular structures] venous system that become the caval syste
cardinal veins
91
[Adult derivatives of fetal vascular structures] umbilical vein that disappears at the end of the embryonic period
umbilical veins
92
___ connects the umbilical vein with the IVC
ductus venosus

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