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Anatomy > The Great Vessels and Diaphragm > Flashcards

The Great Vessels and Diaphragm Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

___ is the most important muscle of respiration

A

diaphragm

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2
Q

Cite the openings of the diaphragm

A

IVC at T8
Esophageal at T10
Aortic at T12

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3
Q

___ part of the diaphragm contains the right crus, left crus and medial arcuate

A

Vertebral part

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4
Q

The diaphragm is innervated by?

A

Phrenic nerve

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5
Q

Cite the muscles used during forced Inspiration

A
  1. External intercostals

2. Accessory Muscles: SCM, serratus anterior, alae nasi, genioglossus, arytenoid

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6
Q

Cite the muscles used during forced expiration

A
  1. Internal Intercostals

2. Abdominal Muscles

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7
Q

What are the branches of the arch of the aorta?

A
  1. Brachiocephalic trunk
  2. Left Common Carotid
  3. Left subclavian
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8
Q

What muscle divides the subclavian artery into 3 parts?

A

scalenus anterior

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9
Q

What are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery?

A
  1. vertebral
  2. Thyrocervical
  3. Internal thoracic
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10
Q

The vertebral artery passes through the ___ before it ascends to the foramen magnum

A

transverse foramina

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11
Q

The first part of the subclavian artery contains the thyrocervical trunk. What are its branches

A
  1. Inferior thyroid
  2. Superficial cervical
  3. Suprascapular
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12
Q

The second part of the subclavian artery has a branch ____

A

Costocervical

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13
Q

Which part of the subclavian artery lie behind the scalenus anterior?

A

second part

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14
Q

The third part of the subclavian artery lies behind the

A

first rib

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15
Q

What are the unpaired branches of the thoracic descending aorta?

A
  1. Bronchial
  2. Pericardial
  3. Esophageal
  4. Mediastinal
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16
Q

What are the paired branches of the thoracic descending aorta?

A
  1. Posterior intercostal

2. Superior phrenic

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17
Q

What are the unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta

A
  1. Celiac trunk
  2. Superior mesenteric
  3. Inferior mesenteric
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18
Q

What are the paired branches of the abdominal descending aorta?

A
  1. Inferior phrenic
  2. Adrenal
  3. Renal
  4. Gonadal
  5. Lumbar
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19
Q

The celiac trunk arises at the level of what thoracic vertebra?

A

T12

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20
Q

The inferior mesenteric artery arises at the level of what thoracic vertebra?

A

L4

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21
Q

The renal artery arises at the level of what vertebra?

A

L1

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22
Q

The aorta pierces the diaphragm at the level of what thoracic vertebra?

A

T12

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23
Q

The arch of the aorta preferentially arches upward, backward and to the ___ (left or right)

24
Q

What is the most common form of CoA?

Study These Flashcards
A

Post ductal CoA = distal arteriosus

25
What is the marker to say that the CoA is postductal or preductal?
ductus arteriosus
26
What is the infantile form of CoA?
Preductal = proximal to the ductus ateriosus
27
The IJV is a continuation of the ___ of the brain
Sigmoid Sinus
28
The IJV descends through the neck in the ___ sheath
carotid sheath
29
The IJV ___ (medial/lateral) to the vagus and common carotid artery
lateral
30
What are the tributaries of the IJV?
1. Lingual 2. Inferior petrosal sinus 3. Pharyngeal 4. Superior thyroid 5. Facial 6. Middle thyroid LIPS For Men
31
The phrenic nerve lies ___ (in front/behind) the subclavian vein
behind
32
What are the tributaries of the SVC?
1. Right brachiocephalic | 2. Left brachiocephalic
33
What are the tributaries of the Right brachiocephalic vein?
1. IJV | 2. R subclavian
34
In anterior approach of Central venous catheter insertion, the catheter is inserted between what surface markers?
Apex of the triangle formed by the SCM and R clavicle
35
In infraclavicular approach of Central venous catheter insertion, the catheter is inserted between what surface markers?
below the clavicle lateral to the thumb on the right side. The thumb is placed in the intersection of the clavicle and first rib
36
In central venous catheter insertion, the needle pierces through what layers?
1. Skin 2. Superficial fascia 3. Pectoralis major 4. Clavipectoral fascia 5. Subclavius muscle 6. Wall of subclavian vein
37
in central venous catheter, what structures are vulnerable to needle puncture?
1. Clavicle 2. First rib 3. Subclavian artery 4. Phrenic nerve
38
Within the carotid sheath, the IJV is ___ to the CCA (medial/later;)
lateral
39
The right and left brachiocephalic vein unite at this level to form the SVC
Inferior border of the 1st right costal cartilage
40
The union of the right and left brachiocephalic veins ends at the level of the ___ to enter the R atrium
3rd right costal cartilage
41
What vein connects the SVC from the IVC?
Aygous veins
42
What are the tributaries of the azygous vein
1. Right ascending lumbar | 2. Right Subcostal
43
The azygous vein ascends through the aortic opening at the level of
T5
44
The hemiazygous is formed by what veins
1. Left ascending lumbar | 2. Left subcostal
45
With respect to the aorta, the azygous vein lies on its ___ (right/left) side
right
46
In SVC syndrome from bronchogenic CA, this vein can be used as an alternative
Azygous vein
47
[Diaphragm] the phrenic nerve arises from what cervical nerves?
C3 C4 C5
48
[Diaphragm] the aortic opening transmits
1. Aorta 2. Thoracic duct 3. Azygous
49
[Diaphragm] the caval opening transmits
1. IVC | 2. Phrenic nerve, right terminal branches
50
[Diaphragm] the esophageal opening transmits
1. Esophagus 2. Vagus (right and left) 3. Gastric vessels, lef, branch to esophagus 4. Lymphatics from the lower 1/3 of esophagus
51
[Diaphragm] the right crura arises from ___
Sides of T1 to T3
52
[Diaphragm] the left crura arises from the ___
body of L1 and L2
53
[Diaphragm] the medial arcuate arises from the
side of L2 to the transverse process of L1
54
[Diaphragm] the lateral arcuate arises from the
transverse process of L1 to T12
55
The right lymphatic duct drains what structures?
1. Right side of the head and neck 2. Right side of the thorax 3. Right upper limb
56
The thoracic duct drains to the ___
left subclavian vein
57
The right lymphatic duct drains to the
right subclavian vein

Anatomy (37 decks)

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