Upper Extremity Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
What are the bone boundaries of the apex of the axill?
A
- A: Clavicle
- P: scapula
- M: first rib
2
Q
What is the anterior border of the axilla?
A
- Pectoralis major
2. Pectoralis minor
3
Q
What is the medial border of the axilla?
A
- Serratus anterius
2. Thoracic wall
4
Q
What is the posterior border of the axilla?
A
- Axillary vein
- Axillary artery
- Brachial plexus
5
Q
The axillary fascia is a prolongation of what fascia?
A
prevertebral fascia
6
Q
What are the components of you rotator cuff muscle?
A
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
teres minor
Subscaplularis
7
Q
What intrinsic muscle medially rotates the shoulder?
A
- subscapularis
2. Teres major
8
Q
What intrinsic laterally rotates the shoulder?
A
I. Infraspinatus
2. Teres minor
9
Q
What intrinsic ABducts the shoulder?
A
- supraspinatus
2. Deltoid
10
Q
When the shoulder joint is fully abducted then a force tilts the humeral head downward, then inferior, the dislocation will be ___
A
anterior inferior
11
Q
What is the most commonly involved muscle in rotator cuff tendinitis?
A
supraspinatus
12
Q
What joint is associated with shoulder dislocation
A
Glenohumeral
13
Q
Wha joint is damaged in shoulder separation
A
Acromioclavicular
14
Q
What are the contents of the quadrangular space in your shoulder?
A
- Axillary nerve (circumflex)
2. Posterior circumflex humeral vessels
15
Q
What are the boundaries of your quadrangular space
A
- S: Teres minor
- Medial: long head of triceps brachii
- I: Teres major
- L: Surgical neck of humerus
16
Q
What nerve is commonly damaged in glenohumeral joint sdislocation?
A
Axillary nerve
17
Q
What nerve can be damages in surgical neck fracture of the humerus?
A
Axillary nerve
18
Q
What are the different compartments of the arm?
A
- Anterior
2. Posterior
19
Q
What is the main action of the anterior compartment of the arm?
A
It is the main flexor
20
Q
What is the innervation of the anterior compartment of the arm
A
Musculocutaneous nerve
21
Q
What is the main flexor of the forearm?
A
brachialis
22
Q
What is the main supinator of the arm?
A
biceps brachii
23
Q
What are the components of your anterior forearm?
A
- Coracobrachialis
- Brachialis
- Biceps brachii
24
Q
What are the contents of your posterior compartment of the arm?
A
- Triceps brachii
25
What is the main action of the posterior compartment of the arm?
extensor
26
What innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?
radial nerve
27
What are the components of your superficial forearm
1. Pronator teres
2. Palmaris longus
3. FCR
4. FCU
5. FDS
6. Intermediate group
28
What innervates the FCU?
Ulnar nerve
29
The flexors of the forearm are innervated by the median nerve except ___
1. FCU
| 2. FDP
30
What are the components of the deep group of forearm flexors?
1. FPL
2. FDP
3. Pronator quardatus
31
What muscles commonly originate in the medial epicondyle?
1. Pronator teres (humeral head)
2. FCR
3. Palmaris longus
4. FCU - humeral head
5. FDS - humeroulnar head
32
What innervates your extensor muscles of the forearm?
Radial nerve
33
The common flexor tendon inserts in what epicondyle?
medial epicondyle
34
The common extensor tendon inserts in what epicondyle?
1. lateral
35
What muscles originate in the lateral epicondyle?
1. ECRB
2. ED
3. EDM
4. ECU
5. Aconeus
6. Supinator
36
Golfer's elbow is an inflammation of ___
medial epicondyle
37
What action precipitates medial epicondylitis?
repetitive flexion and pronation
38
What is affected in Tennis Elbow?
Lateral epicondyle
39
Tennis elbow is due to what repetitive motion?
Extension and flexion of the forearm at the elbow
40
What are the contents of the cubital fossa?
1. Median nerve
2. Brachial artery
3. Biceps brachii
4. Radial nerve
41
What are the borders of your cubital fossa?
1. S: horizontal line connecting the epicondyles of the humerus
2. L: brachioradialis
3. I: Brachialis and supinator
4. M: pronator teres
42
What are the components of your thenar muscles?
1. APB
2. FPB
3. OP
AFO
43
What innervates the thenar muscles?
median nerve
44
What are your intrinsic muscles of the hand?
1. Palmar interossei
2. Dorsal interossei
PAD-DAB
45
The radial nerve innervates this muscle of the hand
1. Extensor digitorum
46
What muscle flexes the hands at the MCP?
lumbricals
47
What innervates the medial lumbricales?
ulnar nerve
48
What innervates the lateral lumbricals
median nerve
49
What muscle flexes the PIP joint?
1. Flexor digitorum superficialis
50
What innervates the flexor of the muscle at the PIP joint?
median nerve
51
What flexes the muscle at the DIP?
Flexor digitorum profundus
52
What innervates the FDP?
1. Median
| 2,. Ulnar
53
What muscle connects the UE to the thorax?
1. Pectoralis major
2. Pectoralus minor
3. Serratus anterior
4. Subclavius
54
The axillary artery starts from the ___ to the ___
First rib to teres major
| Tendon of pectoralis minor
55
The superior thoracic artery supplies what part of the body?
First 2 intercostal space
56
What artery supplies the pectoral, acromial, deltoid, and clavicular?
Thoracoabdominal
57
What is the largest branch of the axillary artery
subscapular artery
58
The subscapular artery supplies what muscles?
1. Subscapularis
2. Teres major
3. Latissimus dorsi
59
What are the branches of your subscapular artery?
1. Thoracodorsal
2. Anterior Circumflex humeral
3. Posterior circumflex humeral
4. Circumflex scapular
60
What artery supplies the serratus anterior?
Thoracodorsal artery
61
The radial artery starts at what level?
neck of radius
62
Where will you take the radial pulse?
1. between the tendons of brachioradialis AND FCR
63
Lateral to the radial pulse is what tendon?
brachioradialis
64
Medial to the radial pulse is what tendon?
FCR
65
what artery can be palpated in the root of the posterior triangle as it cross the first rib?
subclavian artery
66
What artery can be felt in the axilla as it lies in front of the teres major?
axillary artery
67
What artery lies on the brachialis, overlapped from the lateral side by the biceps brachii
brachial artery
68
the cephalic vein drains to what vein
axillary vein
69
What vein ascends on the lateral side of the biceps brachii?
cephalic vein
70
What vein on the arm is thee choice for central venous catheterization and is directly in line with axillary vein
basilic vein
71
___ connects the cephalic and basilic vein
median cubital vein
72
what vein is seen in the antecubital fossa, frequent site of BE
median cubital vein
73
What are the contents of your antecubital fosaa (lateral to medial)
{Lateral to Medial]
1. Brachioradialis
2. Radial nerve
3. Biceps tendon
4. brachial artery
5. brachial vein
6. median nerve
7. protanor teres
74
What bone begins to ossify first during fetal development
clavicle
75
What bone ossifies last?
Clavicle (at age 21)
76
Whe weakest point of the clavicle is the ____
junction
77
What is the most commonly fractured bone?
clavicle
78
After a clavicular fracture, the medial segment of the fractured bone is elevated by what muscle?
SCM
79
After a clavicular fracture, the medial segment of the fractured bone is elevated by what muscle?
1. Pull of deltoid
| 2. Pectoralis major
80
[Humeral fracture]
Surgical neck fracture
axillary nerve
81
[Humeral fracture]
midshaft/spiral facture
radial nerve
82
[Humeral fracture]
supracondylar fracture
median nerve
83
[Humeral fracture]
medial epicondyle
ulnar
84
[Fracture of the lower end of radius]
the distal segment displaced posteriorly and superiorly
Distal radial fracture fragment dorsally placed
Colle/Dinner/Silver fork deformity
85
[Fracture of the lower end of radius]
the distal radial fracture fragment is displaced ventrally
distal segment anteriorly
Smith Fracture
86
[Fracture of the lower end of radius]
usual fracture if "fall on the back of hand"
Smith
87
[Fracture of the lower end of radius]
usual fracture if "FOOSH"
Colle/Dinner/Silver fork deformity
88
[Carpals]
Proximal carpal bones
```
(Lateral to Medial)
Scaphoid/Navicular
Lunate
Triquetral
Pisiform
```
Some Lovers Try Positions
89
[Carpals]
Distal carpal bones
(lateral to medial)
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
That They Cant Handle
90
What are the boundaries of your anatomical snuff box?
(Lateral to medial)
1. L: Tendons of EPB and ABD PL
2. F: scaphoid
3. M: tendon of EPL
4. Trapezium
91
What artery can be palpated in the anatomical snuff box?
radial artery
92
Tenderness and pain over the anatomical snuff box after FOOSH suggests a fracture in teh
Scaphoid
93
What is the most commonly DISLOCATED carpal bone
Lunate
94
What is the typical dislocation of the lunate?
(Anterior/posterior?
anterior
95
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome can also present if this carpal bone is dislocated
lunate
96
__ contracture
localized thickening and contracture of the palmar aponeurosis
Dupuytren Contracture
97
___ contracture
flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint
Dupuytren contracture
98
___ fracture
fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone
bennett fracture
99
___ fracture
oblique fracture of the necks of the fourth or fifth metacarpasl
Boxers fracture
100
[Cutaneous Innervation]
lateral aspect of the base of the thumb
Radial nerve
101
[Cutaneous Innervation]
```
anterior aspect of the
tip of thumb
pointer finger
middle finger
1/2 of ring ringer
```
median
102
[Cutaneous Innervation]
anterior aspect of the ring finger and medial 1/2 of the ring finger
ulnar nerve
103
[Dermatomes]
Back of head
C2
104
[Dermatomes]
tip of shoulder
C5
105
[Dermatomes]
thumb
C6
106
[Dermatomes]
middle finger
C7
107
[Dermatomes]
small finger
C8
108
[Dermatomes]
nipple
T4-T5
109
[Dermatomes]
umbilicus
T10
110
[Dermatomes]
inguinal
L1
111
[Dermatomes]
knee and medial leg
L4
112
[Dermatomes]
lateral leg and Big toe
L5
113
[Dermatomes]
small toe
S1
114
[Dermatomes]
perineum
S5
115
What nerve supplies the tip of the thumb, index finger, middle finger
median nerve
116
what nerve supplies the medial half of the tip of the middle finger?
median nerve
117
[Tendon reflex]
C5 can be checked by
Biceps brachii
118
[Tendon reflex]
C7 can be checked by
Triceps tendon
119
[Tendon reflex]
C6 can be checked by
Brachioradialis
120
[Tendon reflex]
L4 can be checked by
Patellar tendon
121
[Tendon reflex]
S1 can be checked by
Achilles tendon
122
[Lymphatic Drainage]
Thumb, index, lateral side of the hand
infraclavicular LN
123
[Lymphatic Drainage]
medial side of the hand
Supratrochlear LN then to the lateral group of the axillary LN
124
[Lymphatic Drainage]
lateral group
axillary LN
Cephalic Vein to Infraclavicular LN
Basilic vein = supratrochlear LN
125
[Axillary LN]
Level I is composed of
1. Posterior (Subscapular)
2. Lateral
3. Anterior (external)
126
[Axillary LN]
Level II is composed of
1. Central node
127
[Axillary LN]
Level III
1. Apical/Subclavicular
128
What differentiates the 1st part and the 2nd part of the wrist?
Lister's tubercle
129
What tendon winds around the lister's tuberle?
EPB
130
The houseman's vein is seen on the
anatomical snuff box
