Hema (AML M0-M7)

Question 1

Undifferentiated blasts in BM and PBS, AML—not otherwise categorized

Answer 1

AML Undifferentiated/Minimally Differentiated (M0)

Question 2

30% blast cells – indistinguishable

Answer 2

AML Undifferentiated/Minimally Differentiated (M0)

Question 3

% blast cells in M0
as indistinguishable

Answer 3

30%

Question 4

M0 constitutes ___ of AML

Answer 4

5%

Question 5

Age group for M0

Answer 5

Adults

Question 6

blasts show no myeloid differentiation
medium-sized, have an agranular basophilic cytoplasm, round or slightly indented nuclei with 1 or 2 nucleoli, and dispersed chromatin

Answer 6

AML Undifferentiated/Minimally Differentiated (M0)

Question 7

<3% of blasts react to Sudan black, a-naphthyl acetate, or stains that
detects myeloperoxidase

Answer 7

AML Undifferentiated/Minimally Differentiated (M0)

Question 8

M1 constitutes ___% of AML

Answer 8

10%

Question 9

Age group for M1

Answer 9

Adults

Question 10

Azurophilic granules and Auer rods in the cytoplasm of the blast may suggest their myeloid nature

Answer 10

AML Differentiated without maturation (M1)

Question 11

In other cases, the blasts resemble lymphoblasts, from which they are differentiated by positivity to myeloperoxidase stains or Sudan black in at least 3% of blast cells

Answer 11

AML Differentiated without maturation (M1)

Question 12

M2 constitutes ___% of AML

Answer 12

30-45%

Question 13

Age group for M2

Answer 13

ALL ages

Question 14

Blasts may show azurophilic granules and Auer rods, and evidence of maturation is present

Answer 14

AML with maturation (M2)

Question 15

> 10% of marrow cells being promyelocytes, myelocytes, and mature neutrophils

Answer 15

AML with maturation (M2)

Question 16

In M2, >10% of marrow cells are

Answer 16

promyelocytes,
myelocytes,
mature neutrophils

Question 17

In M2, <20% of marrow cells are

Answer 17

monocytes

Question 18

< 20% being monocytes

Answer 18

AML with maturation (M2)

Question 19

Neutrophils may show abnormally increased or decreased segmentation and lobulation

Basophils, eosinophils, and mast cells may be increased

Answer 19

AML with maturation (M2)

Question 20

Highest number of Auer rods, collectively named as Faggot cells/Firewood cells (bundles)

Answer 20

AML Promyelomonocytic (M3)

Question 21

30% blasts, >10% granulocytic lineage and >10% Promyelocytes

Answer 21

AML Promyelomonocytic (M3)

Question 22

% blasts in M3

Answer 22

30%

Question 23

> 10% in M3 are

Answer 23

granulocytic lineage
promyelocytes

Question 24

Associated with chromosomal translocation of 15:17 (WHO)

Answer 24

AML Promyelomonocytic (M3)

Question 25

Increased incidence of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

Answer 25

AML Promyelomonocytic (M3)

Question 26

aka Acute myelomonocytic leukemia/

Answer 26

Naegeli Biphasic M1 & M5

Question 27

M4 constitutes ___% of AML

Answer 27

15-25%

Question 28

Age group for M4

Answer 28

Elderly

Question 29

Sometimes in patients preceding chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML)

Answer 29

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia/ Naegeli Biphasic M1 & M5 (M4)

Question 30

Indicator are monoblasts and promonocytes

Answer 30

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia/ Naegeli Biphasic M1 & M5 (M4)

Question 31

In M4, these are large cells with round containing >1 prominent nuclei and abundant basophilic cytoplasm, sometimes with fine azurophilic granules, vacuoles, and pseudopods formation

Answer 31

Monoblasts

Question 32

In M4, these are less basophilic and more granulated cytoplasm, containing occasional vacuoles, and azurophilic granules

Answer 32

Promonocytes

Question 33

Irregular and indented nucleus

Answer 33

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia/ Naegeli Biphasic M1 & M5 (M4)

Question 34

M5 constitutes ___% of AML

Answer 34

5% each type

Question 35

M5 more common in children (<17 y/o)

Answer 35

M5a

Question 36

M5 more common in adults (>18 y/o)

Answer 36

M5b

Question 37

at least 80% of the leukemic cells are in the monocytic line

Answer 37

Acute monoblastic and acute monocytic leukemia (M5a, M5b)

Question 38

at least 80% of the monocytic cells are monoblasts

Answer 38

acute monoblastic leukemia (M5a)

Question 39

most of them are promonocytes

Answer 39

acute monocytic leukemia (M5b)

Question 40

Acute erythroid leukemia subtypes

Answer 40

Erythroleukemia (erythroid/myeloid) – M6a Pure erythroid leukemia – M6b

Question 41

M6a constitutes ___% of AML

Answer 41

5%

Question 42

In M6a, 50% of the nucleated cells in the bone marrow is

Answer 42

ERYTHROID

Question 43

In M6a, these are dysplastic, containing multiple and megaloblastoid nuclei, the cytoplasm often possessing poorly delineated, coalescing vacuoles

Answer 43

erythroid (50%)

Question 44

In M6a, 20% of nonerythroid cells are

Answer 44

myeloblast

Question 45

In M6a, these are similar to those in AML with and without maturation

Answer 45

myeloblast

Question 46

Very rare type of M6

Answer 46

M6b

Question 47

In M6b, >80% of the marrow cells are

Answer 47

erythroid

Question 48

Erythroblast in this type have deeply basophilic, often agranular, cytoplasm that may contain poorly delineated vacuoles Round nuclei have fine chromatin and >1 nuclei

Answer 48

Pure erythroid leukemia – M6b

Question 49

M7 constitutes ___% of AML

Answer 49

5%

Question 50

Age group for M7

Answer 50

ALL ages

Question 51

In M7, 50% of the blast are from

Answer 51

megakaryocyte lineage

Question 52

Often pleomorphic and have a basophilic, often agranular cytoplasm, cytoplasm may demonstrate pseudopod and bleb formation, indicating budding platelets in M7; Nuclei have fine chromatin and 1-3 nucleoli

Answer 52

Megakaryoblasts

Question 53

In M7, these may be visible in the blood, as may be circulating micromegakaryocytes and megakaryocyte fragments

Answer 53

Dysplastic platelets

Question 54

aka Schilling type

Answer 54

M5

Question 55

aka Erythemic myelosis or Di Guglielmo syndrome

Answer 55

M6

Question 56

aka MDS with excess blasts

Answer 56

M6