Hematology

Question 1

MCC of leukopenia

Answer 1

Drug toxicity

Question 2

MC Cancer in children

Answer 2

ALL

Question 3

genetic abnormality in Acute ALL

Answer 3

t(12;21), t(9;22)

Question 4

BM biopsy of AML criteria

Answer 4

> / 20% myeloblast

Question 5

needlike-azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm

Answer 5

Auer rods

Question 6

Genetic mutation t(15;17)
Auer rods
Faggot cells
assoc with DIC
80% curable with All trans retinoic acid

Answer 6

Acute promyelocytic anemia

Question 7

MC leukemia of adults in Western world

Answer 7

CLL/SLL

Question 8

CLL – progression to DLBCL

Answer 8

Ritcher phenomenon

Question 9

BCR-ABL t(9;22)
Philadelphia chromosome
Splenomegaly
hyperceullar marrow/sea blue histiocytes
WBC >100,000
Low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase

Answer 9

CML

Question 10

MC Classical HL

Answer 10

Nodular sclerosis

Question 11

Classical HL worst prognosis and associated with PLHIV patients

Answer 11

Lymphocyte Depleted HL
90% assoc with EBV

Question 12

Immunohisto chem of HL

Answer 12

CD15 CD30
NLPHL - + CD20

Question 13

General lymphadenopathy and extranodal involvement (BM, spleen, liver, gut)
Leukemic presentation
t (11;14)
aggressive and incurable

Answer 13

Mantle cell Lymphoma

Question 14

MC form of indolent NHL

Answer 14

Follicular Lymphoma

Question 15

MC NHL

Answer 15

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
aggressive, large cells, diffuse, atypia

Question 16

one of the fastest growing tumor
assoc with latent EBV infection
high mitotic and numerous apoptotic cells
Starry sky pattern
good response to chemo

Answer 16

Burkitt Lymphoma

Question 17

Splenomegaly
Pancytopenia
dry tap on BM aspiration
Monocytopenia
Cells: Hair like projections
BRAF V600E mutation
+ TRAP

Answer 17

Hairy cell leukemi

Question 18

HM: large anaplastic cells with horseshoe-shaped nuclei
CD30
ALK mutation

Answer 18

Anaplastic Large cell lymphoma

Question 19

T cells with Cerebriform nuclei

Answer 19

Sezary cells
Sezary syndrome = gen exfoliative erythroderma + leukemia of Sezary cells

Question 20

CD4 T Cell tumor of the skin

Answer 20

Mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome

Question 21

most important plasma cell neoplasm

Answer 21

Multiple myeloma

Question 22

5 classical HL

Answer 22

Nodular sclerosis
Mixed cellularity
Lymphocyte rich
Lymphocyte depleted
Nodular lymphocyte predominant

Question 23

Globular CYTOPLASMIC inclusion seen in MM

Answer 23

Russel bodies

Question 24

Globular NUCLEAR inclusion seen in MM

Answer 24

Dutcher Bodies

Question 25

Clinical presentation of MM

Answer 25

CRAB hyperCalcemia Renal failure Anemia Bone lesion -- punched out (MC site VC)

Question 26

PBS findings in MM

Answer 26

Rouleaux formation Plasma cell leukemia

Question 27

Mutation in Myeloproliferative neoplasm

Answer 27

JAK2

Question 28

PBS finding in Primary Myelofibrosis

Answer 28

Leukoerythroblastosis Tear drop cells/Dacrocytes

Question 29

Type of necrosis: Bland Infarct

Answer 29

Coagulative necrosis

Question 30

Type of necrosis: Septic infarct

Answer 30

Suppurative necrosis

Question 31

All intrinsic types exhibit EXTRAVASCULAR Hemolysis, Except

Answer 31

PNH (intravascular)

Question 32

XR , low NADPH Heinz bodies in asplenic px Bite cells/Degmacytes in functional spleen Protective against malaria

Answer 32

G6PD deficiency

Question 33

mutation of 6th codon of the B-globulin gene (glutamate --> valine)

Answer 33

Sickle cell anemia

Question 34

Findings in Sickle cell Anemia

Answer 34

Drepanocyte (sickle cells) target cells (Codocyte) Howell Jolly Bodies extramedullary hematopoises

Question 35

Treatment for Sickle Cell Anemia

Answer 35

Hydroxyurea -- increases HbF

Question 36

infants do not become symptomatic until

Answer 36

5-6 months of age --- HbF prevent sickling

Question 37

symptoms appear in B- Thalassemia

Answer 37

6-9mos of age

Question 38

symptoms appear in A- Thalassemia mutation:

Answer 38

at birth (low HbF synthesis) mutation deletion

Question 39

1 gene affected in A-thalassemia

Answer 39

Silent carrier

Question 40

2 gene affected in A-thalassemia

Answer 40

a- thalassemia trait minor

Question 41

3 gene affected in A-thalassemia

Answer 41

HbH disease Severe, like B-thalassemia intermediate

Question 42

4 gene affected in A-thalassemia

Answer 42

Hydrops fetalis

Question 43

PIGA mutations in PNH

Answer 43

CD55, CD59(most important), C8 binding protein

Question 44

fragmented RBC seen where

Answer 44

Schistocytes microangiopathic HA

Question 45

MC nutritional disorder in the world

Answer 45

IDA

Question 46

microcytic hypochromic pencil cells low serum Fe high transferrin low ferritin

Answer 46

IDA

Question 47

Common cause of anemia in hospitalized px

Answer 47

Anemia of Chronic Inflammation

Question 48

Px with chronic microbial infection low serum Fe Low transferrin increase ferritin

Answer 48

Anemia of Chronic Inflammation

Question 49

Pancytopenia Hypocellular bone marrow Normocytic Normochromic

Answer 49

Aplastic Anemia

Question 50

Preferential infection of erythroid precursor

Answer 50

Parvovirus

Question 51

MCC of Myelophthisic anemia

Answer 51

Metastatic cancer

Question 52

Features of TTP

Answer 52

Micronagiopathic HA Thrombocytopenia Renal Failure Fever Neurologic manifestation

Question 53

Syndromes under HUS

Answer 53

Microangipathic HA Thrombcytopenia Renal failure

Question 54

Pathogenesis of HUS

Answer 54

typical: E. coli O157:H7 (Shiga like) --> endothelium procoagulant Atypical: defect in excessive complement activation --> thrombosis

Question 55

Pathogenesis of TTP

Answer 55

low ADAMTS13

Question 56

MC inherited bleeding disorder

Answer 56

Von Willebrand disease AD, impaired PF

Question 57

MC hereditary disease

Answer 57

Hemophilia X-linked, abnormality in Factor VIII (A), Factor IX (B)

Question 58

bilateral adrenal hemorrhage secondary to fibrin thrombi

Answer 58

Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome

Question 59

MC adverse transfusion reaction

Answer 59

Febrile Non-Hemolytic transfusion reaction

Question 60

MC reaction encountered in platelet transfusion

Answer 60

Allergic Rhinitis