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Pharmacology > hematology and oncology > Flashcards

hematology and oncology Flashcards

(118 cards)

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1
Q

what does multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) code for?

A

p-glycoprotein (atp dependent efflux pump)

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2
Q

where is p glycoprotein found?

A

intestine, renal tubules, BBB

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3
Q

p glycoprotein features

A

upregulated in cancer cells and has broad specificity for hydrophobic compounds

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4
Q

mechanism of 6 mercaptopurine and azathioprine

A

they are purine (thiol analogs) they get combined with PRPP and made into thioinosinic acid (aka thioinsonic monophosphate) -> inhibition of multiple steps of purine sythesis -> decreased IMP/AMP/GMP

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5
Q

how are 6 mercaptopurine and azathioprine related?

A

azathioprine is a prodrug of 6 mercaptopurine

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6
Q

what is azathioprine mainly used for?

A

immunosuppression

lupus

ra, chrons, uc, kidney transplant rejection prevention

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7
Q

what is 6 mercaptopurine mainly used for?

A

cancner and immnusuprresion

all, cll, chron’s, uc

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8
Q

other uses of 6 mercaptopurine and azathioprine

A

use to wean people off steroid in chronic disease and to treat steroid refractory chronic disease

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9
Q

sided effects of 6 mercaptopurine and azathioprine

A

myelosuppression, gi, liver.

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10
Q

azathioprine and 6 mp metabolism

A

activated by HGPRT

inactivated by either xanthine oxidase or TPMT (polymorphisms)

increased toxicity with allopurional or febuxostat

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11
Q

folic acid metabolism

A

417

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12
Q

methotraxate mechnism

A

folic acid analog (anatagonist (u)) competitievly inhibits dihydrofolate reducatase

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13
Q

what happens to methotrexate once inside the cells?

A

417

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14
Q

methotrexate side effects

A

417

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15
Q

methotrexate side effects

A

417

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16
Q

5-fluorouracil mechanism

A

417

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17
Q

f-fluorouracil what does leucovorin do?

A

417

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18
Q

f-fluorouracil side effects

A

417

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19
Q

cladrabine mech

A

417

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20
Q

cladrabine use

A

417

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21
Q

cladrabine side effects

A

417

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22
Q

cytarabine (arabinofuranosyl cytidine) mech

A

417

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23
Q

cytarabine (arabinofuranosyl cytidine) use

A

417

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24
Q

cytarabine (arabinofuranosyl cytidine) side effects

A

417

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25
antimetabolies work in what cycle?
s phase
26
bleomycin cell cycle
g2
27
bleomycin mec
418
28
dactinomycin (actinomycin d) mech
418
29
dactinomycin (actinomycin d) side effects
418
30
doxorubicin, daunorubicin cycle (athracyclines)
uworld said g2
31
dactinomycin (actinomycin d) mech
418
32
dactinomycin (actinomycin d) side effects
418
33
dactinomycin (actinomycin d) side effects
418
34
busulfan mech
418
35
busulfan use
418
36
busulfan side effects
418
37
busulfan side effects
418
38
cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide mech
418
39
cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide side effects
418
40
nitrosureas (carmustine) mech
418
41
nitrosureas (carmustine) use
418
42
nitrosureas (carmustine) use
418
43
nitrosureas (carmustine) side effect
419
44
microtubule inhibitors cell cycle
m phase specific
45
taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel, and other taxols) mech
419
46
taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel, and other taxols) side effects
419
47
vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine) mech
419
48
vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine) side effects
419
49
vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine) side effects
419
50
etoposide, teniposide cell cycle
s g2
51
cisplatin, carboplatin mech
419
52
cisplatin, carboplatin side effect
419
53
etoposide, teniposide cell cycle
s g2
54
etoposide, teniposide mech
419
55
etoposide, teniposide side effects
419
56
irinotecan, topotecan cell cycle
s1 g2
57
irinotecan, topotecan mech
419
58
irinotecan, topotecan use
419
59
irinotecan, topotecan side effect
419
60
hydroxyurea cell cycle
419
61
hydroxyurea mech
419
62
hydroxyurea use
419
63
hydroxyurea side effect
419
64
bevacizumab mech
420
65
bevacizumab side effect
420
66
erlotinib mech
420
67
erlotinib use
420
68
erlotinib side effect
420
69
cetuximab mech
420
70
cetuximab use
420
71
cetuximab side effect
420
72
imatinib mech
420
73
imatinib use
420
74
imatinib side effect
420
75
rituximab mech
420
76
rituximab use
420
77
rituximab sid effect
420
78
bortezomib, carfilzomib mech
420
79
bortezomib, carfilzomib use
420
80
bortezomib, carfilzomib side effect
420
81
tamoxifen, raloxifene mech
421
82
tamoxifen, raloxifene use
421
83
tamoxifen, raloxifene effects
421
84
trastuzumab (herceptin) mech
421
85
trastuzumab (herceptin) use
421
86
trastuzumab (herceptin) side effect
421
87
vemurafenib mech
421
88
vemurafenib clinical use
421
89
tumor lysis syndrome
421
90
rasburicase
421
91
LMWH
enoxaparin, tinzaparin, dalteparin
92
half life of heparin vs half life of LMWH
heparin has a short half life, LMWH have longer half life
93
advantage and drawback of LMWH
subcutaneous and without lab monitoring, drawback is not easily reversible
94
name the direct thrombin inhibitors
bivalirudin, argatroban, lepirudin, dabigatran (only noac)
95
direct thrombin inhibitor uses
venous thromboembolism (DVT), atrial fibrillation , pci
96
direct thrombin inhibitor advatage
no lab monitoring
97
direct thrombin inhibitor adverse effects
bleeding; can reverse dabigatran with idarucizumab.
98
other ways to reverse direct thrombin inhibtors
pcc and/or antifibrinolytics (tranexamic acid) if no reversal available (idarucizumab)
99
heparin route of administratoin
IV, SC
100
name of factor Xa inhibitors
apiXaban, rivaroXaban
101
thrombolytics mech
convert plasminogen to plasmin, cleaves fibrin and thrombin.
102
thrombolytics labs
increase PT and PTT, no change in platelet count
103
thrombolytics uses
early MI, early ischemic stroke, direct thrombolytics for PE
104
thrombolytics CI
pts with active bleeding, history of intracranial bleed, recent surgery, known bleeding diathesis, or sever HTN.
105
thrombolytics adverse effect
bleeding
106
thrombolytics reversal
415
107
adp receptor blocker names
415
108
adp inhibitors mech
415
109
adp inhibitors use
415
110
adp inhibitors effects
415
111
phosphdieasterse ihnibtors
cilostazol, dipyridamole (used for cardiac stress test (look for ekg abnormalaity))
112
phosphdieasterse ihnibtors mech
415
113
phosphdieasterse ihnibtors use
415
114
phosphdieasterse ihnibtors adverse
415
115
glycoprotein 2b/IIIa ini=hibtors names
415
116
glycoprotein 2b/IIIa ini=hibtors mech
415
117
glycoprotein 2b/IIIa ini=hibtors use
415
118
glycoprotein 2b/IIIa ini=hibtors side effects
415

Pharmacology (33 decks)

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