HEME 1.8 final Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in HEME 1.8 final Deck (14)
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1
Q

in both _____ and ________ Leukemias, there is a progressive accumulation of ________ white ablood cells in the bone marrow and other organs, which spill into the ________ blood

A

acute, chronic

abnormbal, peripheral

2
Q

besides increased amounts of white blood cells, what other two symptoms do patients show with leukemia

A

Progressive bone marrow failure, therefore

Reduced number of RBC and megakaryocytes

3
Q

what are the three cell types in the myeloid series

A

neutrophiles
eosinophils
basophils

4
Q

what does osmotic fragility rest for

A

detect spherocytosis and elliptocytosis

5
Q

what are the five main symptoms of acute myeloid leukemia and there causes

A
  • Tiredness and shortness of breath - anemia
  • increased susceptibility to infection -reduced WBC
  • bruising and bleeding - reduction of platelets
  • bone pain - accumulation of leuk cells in long bones
  • Respritory and neurological symptons
6
Q

what is the most common childhood leukemia (peak at 2-5 years)

A

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

7
Q

what characterizes ALL

A

rapid growth of abnormal WBCs

8
Q

what what ages does Chronic myeloid leukemia occure

A

between 40-60

9
Q

what is the cause of Chronic myeloid leukemia

A

Presence of the philidelphia chrmosome (the exact chromosomal defect is a translocation in which parts of two chromosome, 9 and 22 swap placed

10
Q

what does Philidelphia chromosome lead to an increase production of

A

Tyorsine kinase

11
Q

what are the three main phases of CML

A

-Chronic phase (85% of patients
-Accelerated phase - increased symptoms, treatment less
effective
-Blast phase - rapid progression, and short survival

12
Q

what is the most common Leukemia among adults

A

Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia (CLL)

13
Q

what characterizes CLL

A

accumulation of cancerous cells in the bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymph nodes

14
Q

Lymphomas

A

Study slides 38-41