Hepatitis Viruses

Question 1

Hepatitis A is what type of virus?

Answer 1

Picorna

Question 2

Hepatitis B is what type of virus

Answer 2

Hepadna

Question 3

Hepatitis C is what type of virus>

Answer 3

Flavivirdae

Question 4

Hep A Public health claim to fame?

Answer 4

Most common vaccine-preventable disease in the world

Question 5

Hep A genome?

Answer 5

+ssRNA with 5’viral protein
Icosahedral capsid
No Envelope

Question 6

Hep A inactivated by…

Answer 6

Chlorine treatment
Formalin
Peracetic Acidbeta-propiolactone
UV radiation

Question 7

Describe acute hepatitis infection.

Answer 7

Flulike Symptoms
Icteric Phase –> Dark urine, pale stool, jaundice, ab pain
Usually complete recovery

Question 8

What is icterus?

Answer 8

Jaundice

Question 9

Cause of jaundice?

Answer 9

Increased bilirubin levels
RBC death, heme converted to bilirubin
Bili. conjugated in liver, enters bile, and excreted

Question 10

Long term consequences of Hep A?

Answer 10

No chronic state, No cancer

Question 11

Serological course of Hep A

Answer 11

ALT spike, IgM anti HAV, Other anti-HAV

Question 12

How does Hep A transfer?

Answer 12

Close personal contact
contaminated food/water
Blood Exposure

Question 13

How is Hep A diagnosed?

Answer 13

ELISA identification of HAV-IgM Abs

Question 14

Ig levels of acute infection?

Answer 14

IgG and IgM

Question 15

Ig levels of very early acute?

Answer 15

IgM

Question 16

Ig levels of person with no acute HAV infection?

Answer 16

IgG

Question 17

Ig levels, no infection or immunity

Answer 17

None

Question 18

Hep B genome?

Answer 18

Circular ds DNA
icosahedral
envelope

Question 19

Proteins in Caspid?

Answer 19

Hep B Core Antigen

Soluble Core Protein

Question 20

Clinical Presentation of Acute Hep B

Answer 20

Most Asymptomatic
Jaundice hepatitis
Fulminant hepatits - GI bleeding, coming, encephalopathy, ascites

Question 21

Clinical Presentation of Chronic Hep B

Answer 21

Can be asymptomatic
Similar symptoms
May lead to serious liver damage, failure, cirrhosis, cancer

Question 22

Pathogenesis of Hep B

Answer 22

HBV infects liver
Immune mediated lysis of infected cells produce symptoms to resolve infection
Insufficient immunity leads to chronic disease

Question 23

Acute Hep B serological course?

Answer 23

HBsAg (IgG), then IgM anti-HBc, then anti-HBs

Question 24

Chronic Hep B serological course?

Answer 24

HBsAg, then IgM anti-HBc

Question 25

How is Hep B transmitted?

Answer 25

Blod, Sex, Direct Contact, Transplacental

Question 26

Treatment for Hep B?

Answer 26

Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (Lamivudine, Adefovir)

Question 27

Control of Hep B?

Answer 27

Scanning donated blood, Vaccination

Question 28

Infection with Hep C causes... (3)

Answer 28

Chronic Hepatitis Cirrhosis Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Question 29

Hep C genome?

Answer 29

+ssRNA | Enveloped

Question 30

Hep C Clinical Presentation?

Answer 30

Usually Nothing | Rarely -- Jaundice, fatigue, myalgia, nausea, vomiting

Question 31

Pathogenesis of Hep C?

Answer 31

Cell-mediated immunopathology damages liver | Microscopically spotted parenchymal cells

Question 32

Sources of Hep C?

Answer 32

Injected Drug Use Sexual Transfusion Mother to Child Transmission (in birth, not breastfeeding)

Question 33

Which needle stick will more likely cause disease -- HCV or HIV?

Answer 33

HCV

Question 34

Treatment for Hep C?

Answer 34

Interferon Ribavirin Boceprevir or telaprevir (protease inhibitors)

Question 35

Hepatitis D virus's weakness?

Answer 35

Requires Hep B to steal envelope protein

Question 36

Hep D virus type?

Answer 36

Satellite virus | Enveloped

Question 37

Only protein encoded by Hep D?

Answer 37

Delta antigen

Question 38

Hep D genome?

Answer 38

-ssRNA in covalently closed circle

Question 39

Clinical Presentation of Hep D

Answer 39

Co-infection -- Severe acute disease, potential liver disease, low risk of chronic infection Super-infection -- Fulminane hepatitis, chronic HDV

Question 40

Control for Hep D?

Answer 40

Prevention of Hep B | Lamivudine

Question 41

Hep E genetics.

Answer 41

+ssRNA, icosahedral, non enveloped

Question 42

Clinical presentation of Hep E

Answer 42

Jaundice, Fatigue, Ab Pain, Loss of Appetite, Tea Urine

Question 43

How is hep E spread?

Answer 43

Fecal-Oral route, esp. in contam. water

Question 44

Parts of the world with prevalent Hep E?

Answer 44

Central/SE Asia, N and W africa, Mexico

Question 45

How to prevent Hep E?

Answer 45

Improved Sanitation